8589356410

Zh.K.Bakhow K.V.Korazbeko\a. B.Zh Mutaliyeva. INTENSIFICA TION Oh METHANE ALLOCA TION A TPROCESSING OF

CATTLE WASTE

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Substrates characteristics, contenc of    concentration in samples are shown in table 1.

dried matter, organie dried matter and ash

Table 1. Experimental substrates characteristics

Substrate name	samples	weight (mg)	DM (%) in fresh materiał	oDM (% in DM)	Average content of fresh materiał [mg]	Average content of oDM [mg]	Average content of DM [%] in fresh materiał	Avcragc content of oDM [% in DM]	Substrate moisture
Cattle\s liquid manure	Di	40020	3,73	72,14
	2	40040	3,73	72,14	40200	1080	3,73	72,14	96,27
	3	40540	3,73	72,14
Pig's liquid manure	m	40170	2,11	66,15
	2	40020	2,11	66,15	40080	561	2,11	66,15	97,89
	3	40050	2,11	66,15

In the samples from cattle’s manure, a concentration of dried matter (DM) is 3.73%, and in samples of pig’s manure dried matter equal to 2.11%. A concentration of organie dried matter in the cattle’s manure is morę than in the pig’s manure (respectively 72.14 and 66.15%).

Obtained results show, that manure of various animals have unequal specific methane yield at anaerobic fermentation (fig. 1 and 2). In experiments with liquid cattle’s manure morę than 8% of specific methane yield have been determined in the first 10 days, morę than 55% of methane have been formed to the 20 days, morę than 91% - to the 30 days.

At the analysis of experimental results of specific methane yield from liquid pig’s manure, the late intensive methane formation was determined. Morę than 10% of methane is formed to the 25 days. These data denote that HTR of pig liquid manure is longer than HTR of cattle liquid manure. Morę than 85% of specific methane has yielded from cattle’s manure have been determined to the 25 days, and from pig’ manure - to the 35 days. Large-scale biogas production from cattle and pig manures don’t require these kinds of materials in large quantity and long HTR don’t lead to the microorganisms washing-off.

The process of biogas formation occurs in four phases: 1) hydrolysis phase - hydrolytic microorganisms such as bacteria of genus

Bacteroides,    Propioni-bactńum,

Sporobacterium, Megasphaera decompose the macromolecular organie compounds into morę smali molecules. Hydrolysis of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids occurs within a few hours. 2) acidogenic phase - hydrolysis products are decomposed into morę simpler substances (acids, alcohols, carbon dioxide - CO2, hydrogen - H₂) with partieipation of various facultative and obligate anaerobic bacterias (genus Clostridium, Ruminococcus etc.); 3) acetogenic phase - formation of acetic acid, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Ali acetogenic bacteria    (genera    Desulfovibrio,

Aminobacterium, Acidaminococcus) have a long period of reproducing up to 84 hours, 4) methanogenesis - methane formation from carbon dioxide and hydrogen mixture or from acetic acid; carbon dioxide is a secondary product (C0₂). Active methanogens are formed on the second phase of fermentation- acid-forming phase; however, the numbers of methanogenic Archaeae are obviously inereased in methanogenic phase. Methanobacterium, Methanospirillum, Melhanosarcina are the main species, their reproducing time is from 5 up to 16 days [5, 6].

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Journal oflndustrial Technology and Engineering, 2012, 2(3): 25 - 28