A

append

ix

Standard Laboratory Values

Values

Nonpregnant

Pregnant

Hematologic
Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Hemoglobin, g/dL

Hematocrit, PCV, %

Red cell volume, mL

Plasma volume, mL

Red blood cell count, million/mm

3

White blood cells, total per mm

3

Polymorphonuclear cells, %
Lymphocytes, %

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/h

MCHC, g/dL packed RBCs (mean

corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration)

MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin

per picogram)

MCV/

μm

3

(mean corpuscular volume

per cubic micrometer)

Blood Coagulation and

Fibrinolytic Activity

†

Factors VII, VIII, IX, X

Factors XI, XIII

Prothrombin time (protime)

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

12–16*

37–47

1600

2400

4–5.5

4500–10,000
54–62
38–46
≤
30–36

29–32

82–96

60–70 sec

12–14 sec

11.5–14*

32–42

1900

3700

3.75–5.0

5000–15,000
60–85
15–40

30–90

No change

No change

No change

Increase in pregnancy, return to normal in

early puerperium; factor VIII increases
during and immediately after delivery

Decrease in pregnancy

Slight decrease in pregnancy

Slight decrease in pregnancy and again

decrease during second and third stage of
labor (indicates clotting at placental site)

(continued)

Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women

3132-27_ApdxArev.qxd 12/15/05 3:46 PM Page 769

770

Appendix A

Values

Nonpregnant

Pregnant

Bleeding time

Coagulation time

Platelets

Fibrinolytic activity

Fibrinogen

Mineral and Vitamin Concentrations

Serum iron,

μg

Total iron-binding capacity,

μg

Iron saturation, %

Vitamin B

12

, folic acid, ascorbic acid

Serum protein

Total, g/dL
Albumin, g/dL
Globulin, total, g/dL

Blood sugar

Fasting, mg/dL
2-hour postprandial, mg/dL

Cardiovascular
Blood pressure, mm Hg

Peripheral resistance, dyne/s

cm

−5

Venous pressure, cm H

2

O

Femoral
Antecubital

Pulse, rate/min

Stroke volume, mL

Cardiac output, L /min

Circulation time (arm-tongue), sec

Blood volume, mL

Whole blood
Plasma
Red blood cells

Plasma renin, units/L

Chest x-ray studies

Transverse diameter of heart
Left border of heart
Cardiac volume

Electrocardiogram

V

1

and V

2

kV

4

III
aVr

1–3 min (Duke)
2–4 min (Ivy)

6–10 min (Lee/White)

150,000 to

350,000/mm

3

250 mg/dL

75–150

250–450

30–40

Normal

6.7–8.3
3.5–5.5
2.3–3.5

70–80
60–110

120/80

‡

120

9
8

70

65

4.5

15–16

4000
2400
1600

3–10

—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—

No appreciable change

No appreciable change

No significant change until 3–5 days after

delivery, then marked increase (may
predispose woman to thrombosis) and
gradual return to normal

Decreases in pregnancy, then abrupt return

to normal (protection against
thromboembolism)

400 mg/dL

65–120

300–500

15–30

Moderate decrease

5.5–7.5
3.0–5.0
3.0–4.0

65
Under 140 after a 100-g carbohydrate meal

is considered normal

114/65

100

24
8

80

75

6

12–14

5600
3700
1900

10–80

1–2 cm increase
Straightened
70-mL increase

15

° left axis deviation

Inverted T-wave
Low T
Q

+ inverted T

Small Q

3132-27_ApdxArev.qxd 12/15/05 3:46 PM Page 770

Appendix A

771

Values

Nonpregnant

Pregnant

Hepatic
Bilirubin total

Cephalin flocculation

Serum cholesterol

Thymol turbidity

Serum alkaline phosphatase

Serum lactate dehydrogenase

Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic

transaminase

Serum globulin albumin

A /G ratio
α

2

-globulin

β-globulin
Serum cholinesterase

Leucine aminopeptidase

Sulfobromophthalein (5 mg/kg)

Renal
Bladder capacity

Renal plasma flow (RPF), mL/min

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), mL/min

Nonprotein nitrogen (NPN), mg /dL

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), mg/dL

Serum creatinine, mg/ kg/24 hr

Serum uric acid, mg/ kg/24 hr

Urine glucose

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

Miscellaneous
Total thyroxine concentration

Ionized calcium

Aldosterone

Dehydroisoandrosterone

Not more than

1 mg/dL

Up to 2

+ in 48 h

110–300 mg/dL

0–4 units

2–4.5 units (Bodansky)

1.5–3.0 g/dL
4.5–5.3 g/dL

5% dye or less in 45 min

1300 mL

490–700

105–132

25–40

20–25

20–22

257–750

Negative

Normal

5–12

μg/dL thyroxine

Plasma clearance

6–8 L/24 hr

Unchanged

Positive in 10%
↑ 60% from 16–32 weeks of pregnancy;

remains at this level until after delivery

Positive in 15%
↑ from week 12 of pregnancy to 6 weeks

after delivery

Unchanged

Unchanged

↑ slight

↓ 3.0 g by late pregnancy
Decreased

Increased

Increased

Decreased

Increased

Somewhat decreased

1500 mL

Increase by 25%, to 612–875

Increase by 50%, to 160–198

Decreases

Decreases

Decreases

Decreases

Present in 20% of gravidas

Slight to moderate hydroureter and hydro-

nephrosis; right kidney larger than left
kidney

↑ 9–16 μg/dL thyroxine (however, unbound

thyroxine not greatly increased)

Relatively unchanged
↑ 1 mg/24 hr by third trimester
↑ plasma clearance tenfold to twentyfold

* At sea level. Permanent residents of higher levels (e.g., Denver) require higher levels of

hemoglobin.

From Scott, J. R., et al. (2000).

Obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &

Wilkins.

†

Pregnancy represents a hypercoagulable state.

‡

For the woman about 20 years of age.

10 years of age: 103/70.
30 years of age: 123/82.
40 years of age: 126/84.

3132-27_ApdxArev.qxd 12/15/05 3:46 PM Page 771