ÿþI n |y n i e r i a Zr o d o w i s k a
2 0 0 8 / 0 9 s e m . z i m o w y
W y k Ba d 4
2 3 1 0 2 0 0 8
s i Ba t a r c i a
z a l e |y o d :
Ï%
r o d z a j u d w ó c h s t y k a j c y c h s i p o w i e r z c h n i -
- w s p ó Bc z y n n i k t a r c i a
Ï%
s i By r e a k c j i n o r m a l n e j R s t y k a j c y c h s i p o w i e r z c h n i
T d" f R
˜à
R
˜à
˜à
T
V
f
s i Ba d o c i s k a j c a
p r z e s u n i c i e
s i Ba t a r c i a
˜à
R
˜à
R
2
1
˜à1
˜à
N ˜à2
T ˜à
N
T
T = N T = N
1 2
˜à
˜à R
R
4
3
˜à4
˜à3
˜à
˜à
N
N
T
T
T = T „àN
T = T = N
m a x 4
m a x 3
˜à ˜à
T = f žà x , y , V Ÿà
y
y
B B
˜à
˜à
T
T
A A
x
x
s i Ba s p r |y s t o [c i
˜à
F = - k x
˜à
˜à
F
X
x = 0
k 2
F
k 2 …àk 1
k 1
x
p r a c a s i By s p r |y s t o [c i
x
x x
x 2
˜à
˜à
W = F Å"d x = - k x d x = - k
+" +"
[ ]
2
0
0 0
1
W = - k x 2
2
e n e r g i a p o t e n c j a l n a s i By s p r |y s t o [c i
1
E žà x Ÿà = k x 2
p
2
k x 2
E
E =
p
2
X
r ó w n o w a g a
D Bu g o [
n i e o d k s z t a Bc o n e j s p r |y n y
s i Ba z e w n t r z n a
˜à
F = k x
˜à
x
x = 0
E = 0
p
1
E c = E žà0 ŸàƒàW = 0 ƒà k x 2 = E žà x Ÿà
p z p
2
s i Ba z e w n t r z n a
˜à
z
F = k x
˜à
x 2
x 1
2 2
k x 1 k x 2 k x 1 k x 2
2 2
E c 2 = E c 1 Ĉ W = Ĉ - = = E
z p 2
žà Ÿà
2 2 2 2
˜à
˜à
V
F
V žà A Ÿà = 0
x = 0
X
A
E c = E k ĈE = c o n s t
p