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Mon 16 May 2011

12 Jumaada al-Thaanee 1432 AH

For details of academic papers, reports and books relating to Muslims in Britain after 2003

click this link

Muslim Statistics Archive [pre 2003]

How many British Muslims?

Age, Gender and family demographics

Health

Disadvantage, Poverty, Unemployment

Home ownership & quality

Education

Trade, Industry & Commerce

Politics and political participation

Religious Discrimination

Hajj & Umra Travel

Halal meat and food consumption

Mosques

Charities

I.How many British Muslims?

Source

Findings

1 Office for National Statistics

http://www.statistics.gov.uk

General Register Office, Scotland

http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk

The Muslim population of
England & Wales is 1.54 million.
The Muslim

population of Scotland is about
40,000.

Total Muslim population 1.6
million.

The Local Authority Districts with
the highest Muslim populations
are:

Tower Hamlets - 71,000 (36% of
population))

Newham - 59,000 (24%)

Blackburn - 27,000 (19%)

Bradford - 75,000 (16%)

Waltham Forest - 33,000 (15%)

Luton - 27,000 (15%)

Birmingham - 140,000 (14%)

Hackney - 28,000 (14%)

Pendle - 12,000 (13%)

Slough - 16,000 (13%)

Brent - 32,000 (12%)

Redbridge - 29,000 (12%)

Westminster - 21,000 (12%)

Camden - 23,000 (12%)

Haringey - 24,000 (11%)

2 The Guardian, June 17, 2002,

�

British Muslims

�

series - A map of Muslim Britain

Muslim population 1.8 million (3%
of total British population)

The Muslim population of London

�

1 million (total 7.2 million);

Birmingham - 150,000 (1 million)

�

this includes the world's

biggest expatriate Kashmiri
population

Scotland 60,000 (33,000 in
Glasgow); Wales 50,000; N.
Ireland 4000

3 The Financial Times, January 23, 2002, quoting

Professor M Anwar, head of the Centre for Research
in Ethnic Relations, University of Warwick

1.8 million British Muslims

About 10,000 British Muslims are
Afro-Caribbean or white reverts

4 Analysis commissioned by the Muslim Council of

Britain in 2001 - based on analysis of the 1999
electoral roll using 800 'standard' Muslim first name
and surname combinations.

340,000 households. The 1991
Census suggests the
Pakistani/Bangladeshi household
is 4.9 (Table 8.3,

�

Household &

family structure among ethnic
minority groups

�

, by M. Murphy,

in

�

Ethnicity in the 1991 Census,

Vol. 1, HMSO, 1996)

�

so total

population of 1.7 million.

5 The Runnymede Trust,

�

Islamophobia

�

a challenge

for us all

�

, 1997

1.5 million Muslims: Pakistani
origin 610,000; Bangladeshi
200,000; Indian 160,000; Arab
and African 350,000; others
180,000

click here for pie chart

6 Population Trends, Autumn 2001, ONS: 'The sizes and

characteristics of ethnic populations of Great Britain -
latest estimates'

Ethnicity data: Pakistani origin -
675,000; Bangladeshi - 257,000
Indian origin - 984,000- say 30%

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II. Age, Gender and family demographics

Muslim - total South Asian
Muslim population estimate:1.2
million

7 London Chamber of Commerce report - December

2001

249,872 Pakistani and
Bangladeshi live in Greater
London area.

There are about 150,000 Turks in
the UK, of whom 90% in London

8 The Changing Geography of South Asians in Bradford'

Dr. Deborah Phillips, University of Leeds, 2001

http://www.bradford2020.com/

The 1991 Census indicated that
Bradford's South Asian
population numbered about
65,450 making up 14 per cent of
the city's total population. 48,900
of these were of
Pakistani/Kashmiri origin. This
represented the second highest
concentration of people of
Pakistani origin in Britain.

The latest estimates (from
Bradford MDC) indicate that the
South Asian population has
grown considerably over the last
decade to 94,250 and that people
of Pakistani/Kashmiri origin
number about 73,900. The South
Asian population therefore now
represents about 19 per cent of
the total population of Bradford.

Source

Findings

1

Office for National Statistics

http://www.statistics.gov.uk

- 7 May 2003

- 33.8 of Muslims are aged 0-15
years (national average is 20.2%);
18.2% are aged 16-24 (national
average is 10.9%)

- 50% of Muslims were born in the
United Kingdom

- 60,000 Muslims are of Eastern
European origin

- 54.5% of Pakistanis and 46.6% of
Bangladeshis were born in the UK

2

Population Trends, Autumn 2001, ONS: 'The sizes and
characteristics of ethnic populations of Great Britain - latest
estimates'

Per cent distribution by age
Pakistani
0 - 14 years 34%
15 - 29 years 31%
30 - 44 years 20%
Bangladeshi
0 - 14 years 40%
15 - 29 years 29 %30
33- 44 years 18%
Indian
0 - 14 years 23%
15 - 29 years 24%
30 - 44 years 27%

Gender ratios
Pakistani & Bangladeshi
Generally symmetric except for the
30 - 44 age band where there are
approx 2 - 3 % and 4-5%
respectively more males than
females

3

The Guardian, September 21, 2001

Half the ethnic minority community
was born in the UK

Nearly 90% of south Asian children
live with both their parents,
compared with 40% of black children.

Half the white population is under 38,
but half the minority ethnic population
is under 27

4

Population Trends, Summer 2002, ONS: Attitudes
towards ideal family size of different ethnic/nationality
groups in Great Britain, France & Germany

Of 100 respondents from Indian and
Pakistani ethnic groups interviewed
(random selection). 46 percent of
young British Pakistanis and 48 per
cent of young British Indians want
four or more children, compared to
just 19 per cent of white people.

5

The Guardian, September 13, 2000, reporting on the
survey of over-60s published by the ONS, 12/9/2000
(Author Maria Evandrou of Kings College, London)

Nearly 250,000 over -60s from ethnic
minority groups and this number was
set to swell as these groups aged

6

North West Lancashire Health Authority (April 1999) -
analysis of patient registration database for Preston

50% of South Asians were aged
below the age of 24 as opposed to
30% of non-South Asians; though
12% of the local population, the
South Asian proportoin in the 0-4 age
group was 20%

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III. Health

Top

IV. Disadvantage, Poverty, Unemployment

7

Ethnic Minorities in Britain, Modood & Berthoud, PSI, 1997
- Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities 1994;Chapter
9,'Culture & Identity'

Parental decision over marriage
partner - in Muslim men in the 16-34
range: 49%; in Muslim women in the
16-34, range 67%

8

Ethnicity 2002 ed. Amanda White, ONS

http://www.statistics.gov.uk

38% of Bangladeshis are under 16.
This was double the proportion of the
White ethnic group.

Average size of households:
Bangladeshi - 4.7, Pakistani - 4.2,
Indians - 3.3, White - 2.3

15% of Pakistani families were lone
parent families (in the White
population it is 23% and Black
Caribbean 54%)

Source

Findings

1

'Caring for Muslim Patients' by Dr Aziz Shaikh

Click here

for presentation - mainly based on 1997 data

(copyright Dr Aziz
Shaikh)

Perinatal mortality rate amongst
Pakistani mothers is 16%, twice UK
average

Respiratory symptoms amongst
Muslims is higher than Hindus or
Sikhs (18% compared to 14%)

Diagnosed heart disease or severe
chest pain is 18% amongst
Pakistanis, 14% in Sikhs, and 8% in
Hindus

Reported long-standing illness is
20% among Muslims, compared to
around 16% for Hindus and Sikhs

2

BMA News, May 25 2002

44% of men of Bangladeshi origin
smoke, compared with 29 per cent of
the general male population

56% of women of Bangladeshi origin
aged over 55 chew tobacco

3

Ethnic Minorities in Britain, Modood & Berthoud, PSI, 1997
- Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities 1994;Chapter
7,'Health & Health Services' - Jmes Nazroo

Indians, African Asians and Chinese
had similar levels of health to whites,
while Caribbeans, Pakistanis and
Bangladeshis had worse health than
whites.

4

'Ethnicity, health and health behaviour: a study of older
groups', NHS Health Development Agency, 2000

www.hda-online.org.uk

The difference in reported health
status between white and ethnic
minoritygroups was greatest for older
age groups: Bangladeshis in their
40s and 50s were more likely to
report poor health than any other
ethnic group; 48% had 'not good
health compared with 16% Indians
and only 10% of white adults.

5

The Health Survey of Minority Ethnic Groups, Health
Survey for England 1999, Department of Health,

http://www.statistics.gov.uk/

The mean number of prescribed
drugs per person was 1 for the
general population, but 2.04 for
Bangladeshi men. While both men
and women had a similar mean
number for the general population,
for Pakistani men and women it was
1.26 and 1.42 respectively.

Self-reported diabetes among
Bangladeshi men and women is six
times more than the general
population.

Source

Findings

1

The Guardian, June 21, 2002, British Muslims series,
'From Bangladesh to Brick Lane'

37% of the population of London's
poorest borough, Tower Hamlets, is
Bengali

2

New Policy Institute

www.poverty.org.uk

Bangladeshis and Pakistanis are
twice as likely not to have a bank or
building society account than the rest
of the population.

3

BBC 'Women and Society reported on 28 May 2002

women_and_society.stm

28 May 2002

Pakistanis and Bangladeshis are the
poorest groups in the country. Just
two in 10 of these women are active
in the job market, compared with
seven in 10 black Caribbean and
white women.

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According to Heidi Safia Mirza of the
Centre for Racial Equality Studies at
Middlesex University that is not to
say that these [Muslim] women are
shackled to the kitchen sink....These
figures don't record home-working,
time spent on family-run businesses,
and unpaid work, so the idea that
they don't participate isn't very
helpful. Yet still people make the
assumption that they are stuck at
home being oppressed by their men
folk."

4

'Black and Underpaid, study launched at the TUC's Black
Workers' Conference, 12 April 2002

Reported on BBC

Pakistani and Bangladeshi men earn

150 per week less than white men,

while the difference is 115 for
Caribbean men and 116 for
Africans.

5

Performance & Innovation Unit, Cabinet Office - Ethnic
Minorities in the Labour Market -

reported in The

Guardian,

February 2002

Muslim men of Pakistani and
Bangladeshi origin are
disproportionately unemployed
compared to other Asians. Even after
allowances for education and
residential area, Pakistani Muslims
are three times more likely to be
jobless than Hindus are. Indian
Muslims are twice as likely to be
unemployed than Indian Hindus are.

After adjustments for training and
family circumstances, ethnic minority
men earn less than white workers.
For women the picture is different.
Pakistani women earn 34 a week
less than white women, but Indian
and Caribbean women earn more -

14 and 30 respectively.

6

The Guardian, November 25, 2001

In Rochdale, 96 per cent of Pakistani
community and 89 per cent of
Bangladeshis live in the five inner
wards, among the most deprived
areas in the North-West.

7

The Guardian, September 13, 2000, reporting on the
survey of over-60s published by the ONS, 12/9/2000
(Author Maria Evandrou of Kings College, London)

Older Pakistani and Bangladeshi
people were almost three times as
likely to live in a household without a
phone than white, Indian or black
Caribbean older people

On an index of multiple deprivation,
the survey found 47% of Pakistani
and Bangladeshi pensioners
experienced three or four times more
types of disadvantage, compared to
42% of black Caribbean, 26% Irish,
19% white and 13% Indian

8

National Statistics, Labour Force Survey, Spring 2000

In employment, Bangladeshis and
Pakistanis are two and a half times
more likely than the white population
to be unemployed and nearly three
times more likely to be in low pay

9

Department for Work and Pensions. Households Below
Average Income 1994/5 2000/01

Over two-thirds of Bangladeshi and
Pakistani households (68%) are
living below the poverty line
(incomes below 60% of the median,
after housing costs). This compares
with just under a quarter (23%) for all
households.

Just under three-quarters of
Bangladeshi and Pakistani children
(73%) are living in households below
the poverty line (60% of median
income). This compares with under a
third (31%) for children in all
households.

10

Policy Studies Institute, Ethnic Minorities in Britain:
diversity and disadvantage by T. Modood et. al, 1997

Pakistanis and Bangladeshis are
living in serious poverty. The report
found that 80 per cent live in
households with incomes below half
the national average.

11

University of Huddersfield, The development needs of
the Pakistani community in Huddersfield , 1997

There is high social deprivation in
areas of high Pakistani concentration

A matter of concern is the level of
unemployment amongst young
Pakistanis, compared to other ethnic
groups

12

Ethnic Minorities in Britain, Modood & Berthoud, PSI,
1997 - Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities
1994;Chapter 4,'Employment'

The percentage of economically
active persons without work was
around 15 per cent of whites -
Bangladeshi and Pakistani rates
were 42 & 38 per cent respectively

13

The Changing Geography of South Asians in Bradford' Dr.
Deborah Phillips, University of Leeds, 2001

http://www.bradford2020.com/pride

There has been change in the
pattern of South Asian residence
over the 1990s, with evidence of
suburbanisation. However,
significant deprivation persists in the

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V. Home ownership & quality

Top

VI. Education

areas of high South Asian
concentration, especially for the
Muslim population of Pakistani and
Bangladeshi origin. The indications
are that some are trapped in poorer
areas by their economic
circumstances and that social
housing away from the inner city is
not perceived as a particularly
attractive alternative. Clustering on
the basis of ethnicity remains
important, even for the younger
generation of South Asians. It is
sustained by positive community
links, traditions and a sense of ethnic
identity. It is also maintained by a
fear of racial harassment and
isolation.

14

Ethnicity 2002 ed. Amanda White, ONS

http://www.statistics.gov.uk/

Over 40% of young Bangladeshi
men are unemployed. The
comparable unemployment rate for
young White men was 12%

Pakistani and Bangladeshi
households were much more reliant
on earnings from self-employment
than other groups. Half of the self-
employed Pakistanis were in the
transport and communication
industry.

Pakistanis and Bangladeshis were
much more likely to be living on low
incomes. Almost 60% of the 1 million
people in this group were living in
low-income households before
housing costs were deducted. This
increased to 68% after housing costs

Source

Findings

1

'Ethnicity in the 1991 Census' Volume 2 edited by Ceri
Peach (HMSO); table (5.12) 'Percentage of households by
tenure and ethnicity'.

77 per cent of Pakistani households are
composed of owner-occupiers. They are
overwhelmingly concentrated in terraced
housing. About 45% of Bangladeshis are
owner-occupier. Another report by Peach
states that 43% of Bangladeshis live in
council or housing association properties -
50% higher than the national average.

2

The Guardian, September 13, 2000, reporting on the
survey of over-60s published by the ONS, 12/9/2000
(Author Maria Evandrou of Kings College, London)

28% of older Pakistani and Bangladeshi
people were in households without central
heating and which were more likely to suffer
from dampness and condensation 38% lived
in overcrowded homes with more than one
person per room

3

The Guardian, 5 December 2002, reporting survey
conducted by Deborah Phillips of Leeds University into
ethnic minority housing trends

http://www.guardian.co.uk/

Data from 435 Asian households and
interviews found that there is no evidence
that Asians are forming ghettos in Northern
cities as a matter of choice.
" Our findings show the affect of estate
agents treating Asians unfairly, and worries
on the part of the Asian population about
isolation if they move, reinforced by fears of
trouble. One in six of survey respondents
said they had experienced harrassment
intheir neighbourhood, even though they had
opted to live in areas they saw as safe."

Source

Findings

1

The Guardian, December 12, 2001

How many faith schools are there?
The State sector comprises 6,384
primary schools and 589 secondary
schools: 4,716 Church of England,
2,110 Roman Catholic, 27 Methodist,
32 Jewish, four Muslim, two Sikh,
one Greek Orthodox, and one
Seventh Day Adventist.

2

The Guardian, June 17, 2002, British Muslims series

In 2000, 30% of Pakistani students
gained five or more good GCSEs,
compared with 50% in the population

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VII. Trade, Industry & Commerce

as a whole

3

National Literacy Trust

Black and Indian pupils have
achieved a significant improvement
in GCSE results over the past two
years. From 1998 - 2000, the
percentage of African Caribbean
youngsters achieving five or more A*-
C grades has risen from 29 to 37,
while the proportion of Indian pupils
getting top grades has leapt from
54% to 62%. A group defined as
"other Asian" which includes Chinese
pupils, also showed impressive
gains. Last year, 70% got five or
more top passes, up from 61% two
years ago. However, a fall in
achievement among Bangladeshi
pupils from 33% to 30% and a below
average rise in the performance of
Pakistani children means the gap
between the highest and lowest
achieving ethnic groups has
widened.

4

OFSTED - Inspection of Bradford Local Education Authority
- May 2000

www.ofsted.gov.uk

"About a third of the pupil population
are of minority ethnic heritage, mostly
Muslims of Pakistani and
Bangladeshi background. Some
schools have a population which is
almost exclusively of bilingual ethnic
minority origin, whereas others are
almost entirely white

The district's education authority is
ranked 148 out 150 in the country

"the LEA serves the district very
poorly ....the schools have been
underfunded for several years."

"in the school survey 51 per cent of
first schools and 70 per cent of the
middle and upper schools described
the effectiveness with which the LEA
evaluates services to schools as poor
or worse"

"In secondary schools (including
upper schools and middle) only 45%
of schools were judged good or very
good compared with 70% nationally"

"Issues such as ....raising the
standards of ethnic minority groups...
[lack] a consistent approach"

"the LEA did not meet its targets for
literacy in 1999"

5

The Universities & Colleges Admission Service (UCAS)
annual data set for 2001

The most popular subject groups for
Pakistani and Bangladeshi origin
boys were 'mathematical sciences &
informatics'. Among girls it was
'social studies' and 'business and
administration'.

6

'Help or Hindrance? Higher education and the rute to ethnic
equality' by Tariq Modood and Michael Shiner, British
Journal of Sociology of Education, 2002

A random sample of 1000 candidates
from each of the main ethnic groups
in the UK has found strong evidence
of bias against ethnic minority
candidates within the 'old' (i.e. pre-
1992) universities. For example,
while the probability of a white
candidate receiving an initial offer
was 0.75, for a Pakistani or
Bangladeshi candidate with
equivalent qualifications, the
probability dropped to 0.57. This
trend does not apply to the 'new' or
post-1992 universities.

7

Ethnic Minorities in Britain, Modood & Berthoud, PSI, 1997
- Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities 1994;Chapter
9,'Culture & Identity'

48% of Muslims supported faith
schools within the state sector,
compared to 26% of Church of
England (White) respondents, & 13%
Hindu respondents.

8

Ethnicity 2002 ed. Amanda White, ONS

http://www.statistics.gov.uk

Pakistanis and Bangladeshis are
most likely to be unqualified. Nearly
half of Bangladeshi men and women
had no qualifications. Anmong
Pakistanis, 27% of men and 40% of
women had no qualifications.

Source

Findings

1

The Guardian, June 21, 2002, British Muslims series, 'From
Bangladesh to Brick Lane'

There are 8,500 Indian restaurants,
of which roughly 7,200 are Bengali

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VIII. Politics and political participation

Top

X. Religious Discrimination

2

The contribution of Asian businesses to London's economy
- a report prepared by the London Chamber of Commerce
and Industry', December 2001, published by the Greater
London Authority

One in ten of London's 250,000
businesses are Asian owned.
Pakistanis and Bangladeshis own
2,450 businesses.

3

The Guardian, Feb 1, 2002 - based on a report published
by Datamonitor

Britain may have well over 5000
Muslim millionaires with liquid assets
of more than 3.6bn. Their wealth
will make them among the most
sought after customers by Britain's
financial services sector the market
for Islamic [sharia-compliant] finance
in the UK is set to grow hugely.

Source

Findings

1

The Guardian, March 16, 2004, Survey of British Muslims &
integration issues

Telephone interviews of 500
Muslimes indicate that support for
Labour is waning. Other findings
relate to anti-terrorism legislation,
Iraq, Muslim Schools.

2

The Guardian, June 17, 2002, British Muslims series

There are two Muslim MPs: Khalid
Mahmood (Labour, Birmingham
Perry Barr) and Mohammed Sarwar
(Labour, Glasgow Govan)

One Muslim MEP: Bashir Khanbhai
(Conservative, Eastern Region)

3

The Muslim Council of Britain, reported in The Muslim
News, March 30, 2001, General Election Supplement

Top 10 constituencies with largest
Muslim voter estimate: B'ham,
Sparkbrook & Small Heath; Bradford
West; Bethnal Green & Bow;
Birmingham, Ladywood; East Ham;
Blackburn; Poplar & Canning Town;
Bradford North; Ilford South; West
Ham

Thirteen marginal parliamentary
constituencies with significant Muslim
voting potential: Bradford West,
Rochdale, Glasgow Govan, Brent
North, Enfield Southgate, Hendon,
Harrow West, Watford, Colne Valley,
Oldham East & Saddleworth,
Wimbledon, Finchley & Golders
Green, Hammersmith & Fulham

4

The Muslim News, May 25 2001, 'Over 200 Muslim
Councillors', By Hamed Chapman and Ahmed Versi

www.muslimnews.co.uk

217 Muslim councillors elected in the
May 2000 local government elections
(of a total of 25,000 councillors UK-
wide).

5

The Guardian, June 19, 2002, British Muslims series,
'Wake-up call for party that took votes for granted'

84% of the Bangladeshi vote and
86% of the Pakistani vote went to the
Labour Party five years ago. In
Bradford West, a majority of the local
Pakistani population, some 61%, put
a cross next to the name of a Tory
candidate rather than Labour as
Muslims voted for a fellow Muslim
rather than for a political
organization.

Source

Findings

1

Home Office Research Study 220, 'Religious discrimination
in England and Wales', by Paul Weller, Alice Feldman &
Kingsley Pudman, February 2001

Survey based on 628 returned postal
questionnaires and 156 meetings. 70
questionnaires were completed by
Muslim organisations

A consistently higher level of unfair
treatment was reported by Muslim
organisations than by most other
religious groups; unfair treatment in
every aspect of education,
employment, housing, law and order,
and in all the local government
services covered by the
questionnaire.

2

Islam Awareness Week survey conducted by YouGov,
November 2002. Sample size 1900

http://www.isb.org.uk/

56% agree that "members of Britain's
Muslim minority often suffer from
unfair discrimination".

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X. Hajj & Umra Travel

XI. Halal meat and food consumption

Top

XII. Mosques

Top

XIII. Charities

Source

Findings

1

Foreign & Commonwealth Office - Advice to British Hajjis -
January 2002

Every year, around 20,000 British
Muslims travel to Makkah for Hajj

Source

Findings

1

Meat & Livestock Commission - press release October
2001 on 'Muslim Lamb Campaign'

Although Muslims make up just five
per cent of the population they
consume an estimated 20 per cent of
all lamb and mutton produced in
Britain.

Source

Findings

1

'Religions in the UK - Directory 2001 -2003; Editor Paul
Weller, Director of the Multi-Faith Centre at the University of
Derby; section on 'Muslims in the United Kingdom'

In England and Wales the Registrar

General lists 584 mosques for 1999 which
are certified as places of worship". The
Directory has a listing of about 440 mosques

2

The Salaam portal

www.salaam.co.uk

The Salaam

Mosque database can also be accessed by a WAP phone

enter

wap.salaam

Database of over 900 mosques, with

postcode search facility.

Top

Source

Findings

1

The Salaam portal

www.salaam.co.uk

Database of about 100 UK registered

charities.

|

Disclaimer & Policies

|

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