notable - godny uwagi - worthy of notice or distinction
Einstein made a notable contribution to scientific knowledge.
certainly - pewien czegoś - sure, confident, without doubt
He will certainly be there.
to encounter - spotkanie - a sudden (unexpected) meeting
I had an unpleasant encounter with an angry customer.
tremor - trzęsienie - a slight earthquake
The vibration was caused by an earth tremor.
to perpetuate - kotynuować - to continue
He wanted a son to perpetuate his name.
feature - cecha, właściwość - a distinctive (characteristic) part something
Columns are a feature of Classical architecture.
genuine - autentyczny - real, authentic, not fake
This chair is a genuine antique.
to behave - zachowywać się - to act in a certain way
Why do you behave so badly?
settlement - zasiedlanie, osadnictwo - to establish your home in a new place
When they retired, they settled in the country.
variety - różnorodność - to make (become) different
If you stuck in a daily routine, try to get more variety.
to remark - zauważyć - to comment or observe
“She's really lazy”, he remarked.
common - popularny, powszechny - generally known, public
Their affair has now become common knowledge.
influence - wpływ - the power to affect, change or control; subtle domination
Adults videos are a bad influence on children.
enclosure - ogrodzenie - a piece of land that is surrounded by a fence or wall and is used for a particular purpose
The enclosure of common land in the seventeenth century.
annual - coroczny - happening or done once every year
We'd like to invite you for our annual Beauty Contest.
vanishing - znikający - to disappear suddenly in a way that you cannot explain
The magician vanished in a puff of smoke.
to occur - istnieć - to exist or be found somewhere
Sugar occurs naturally in fruit.
overlooking - z widokiem na - if a building overlooks a place, you can see that place from the building
Our back yard is overlooked by several houses.
belongings - własność - possession
She packed her few belongings in a bag and left.
to lean - wychylać się - to bend or move from a vertical position
A man was leaning out of the window.
odd - dziwny - strange or unusual
There's something odd about that man.
habitation - miejsce zamieszkania - a place where people live
The houses were unfit for human habitation.
dense - gęsty, zwarty - containing a lot of people (things) with little space between them
In Poland there is a few areas of dense population.
outwards - na zewnątrz - towards the outside
The door opens outwards.
upwards - w gore, do gory - towards a higher place or position
The corners of her mouth curved upwards in amusement.
to occupy - zajmować - to fill or use a space
The bed seemed to occupy most of the room.
to remain - (po)zostać - to continue to exist
Very little of the house remained after the fire.
virtually - właściwie, w rzeczywistości - almost or very nearly
He virtually admitted he was guilty.
untouched - nietknięty - not affected by something, not damaged
Some buildings had remained untouched by the explosion.
environment - środowisko - the natural world in which people, animals and plants live
Pollution of the environment is still increasing.
to estimate - szacować - making a judgement without having the exact details or figures about the size, amount, cost, etc. of something
I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.
to wrap - owijać, pakować - to cover something in paper or other material
He spent the evening wrapping up the Christmas presents.
to rush - śpieszyć się - to move or to do something with great speed
We've got plenty of time; there's no need to rush.
to forbid - zakazać - to order somebody not to do something
Her father forbade the marriage.
increase - wzrost, przyrost - to become or to make something greater in amount, number
Increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere.
decrease - zmniejszać - to become or make something become smaller in size, number
The price of wheat has decreased by 5%.
forecast - przewidywanie - a statement about what will happen in the future
It is difficult to make long-term forecasts for a fast-growing industry.
weather forecast - prognoza pogody - a description of what the weather will be like tomorrow or for the next few days
There's a good weather forecast for tomorrow.
headquarters - siedziba - a place from which an organization is controlled
Several companies have their headquarters in the area.
suburbs - przedmieścia - an area where people live that is outside the centre of a city
They live in the suburbs.
in decline - zanik, ubywanie - a continuous decrease in the number of something
The company reported a small decline in its profits.
neglected - zaniedbany - not receiving enough care or attention
A neglected area of research.
vast - duży, ogromny - extremely large in area, size, amount
Your help made a vast difference.
destination - miejsce przeznaczenia, cel - a place to which sb/sth is going or being sent
Our luggage was checked all the way through to our final destination.
apparently - najwyraźniej - according to what you have heard or read
Apparently they are getting divorced soon.
to commute - dojeżdżać - to travel regularly between your place of work and your home
She commutes from Oxford to London every day.
commuter - pasażer komunikacji - a person who travels into a city to work each day
The five o'clock train is always packed with commuters.
inhabitants - mieszkańcy - a people or an animals that live in a particular place
The oldest inhabitant of the village.
dairy - mleczny - a place (farm) where milk is kept and where butter and cheese are made
The doctor told me to eat less red meat and dairy.
peninsula - półwysep - an area of land that is almost surrounded by water but is joined to a larger piece of land
The Iberian peninsula consists of Spain and Portugal.
bay - zatoka - a part of the sea (large lake) partly surrounded by a wide curve of the land
A magnificent view across the bay.
moorlands - wrzosowiska - land that consists of moors
I've been walking across open moorland.
mild - łagodny - not severe or strong
Use a soap that is mild on the skin.
comparatively - stosunkowo - as compared to something/somebody else
The unit is comparatively easy to install and cheap to operate.
crops - plony, uprawy - a plant that is grown in large quantities, especially as food
Sugar is an important crop on the island.
notably - w szczególności - especially, used for giving a good example
The house had many drawbacks, most notably its price.
china - porcelana - white clay which is baked and used for making delicate cups, plates
She bought a beautiful china vase.
associations - stowarzyszenia - an official group of people who have joined together for a particular purpose, organization
Do you belong to any professional or trade associations?
to flourish - kwitnąć - to grow well; to be healthy and happy
These plants flourish in a dry climate.
to enable - umożliwiać - to make it possible for something to happen or exist
Insulin enables the body to use and store sugar.
achievements - osiągnięcia - a thing that sb has done successfully using their own effort
It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.
civic - obywatelski - connected with the people who live in a town or city
As president of the city I must fulfil my civic duties.
cliché - utarte wyrażenie, powszechne określenie - a phrase or an idea that has been used so often that it no longer has much meaning and is not interesting
She trotted out the old cliché that `a trouble shared is a trouble halved.'
unsuitable - nieodpowiedni - not appropriate for a particular person, purpose or occasion
He was wearing shoes that were totally unsuitable for climbing.
grime - brud, kurz - dirt that forms a layer on the surface of something
Keep plants healthy by regularly removing any dust and grime from their leaves.
sparsely - rzadko - only present in small amounts or numbers
The information available on the subject is sparse.
corner - róg, krawędź - a part of something where two or more sides, lines
Write your address in the top right-hand corner of the letter.
to a large extend - rozbudować, rozwijać - to make something longer or larger
There are plans to extend the no-smoking area.
valley - dolina - an area of low land between hills or mountains
Our small town is set in a wonderful valley.
heritage - dziedzictwo - the history, traditions and qualities that a country or society has had for many years and that are considered an important part of its character
The building is part of our national heritage.
to inherit - odziedziczyć - to receive money, property, etc. from somebody when they die
She inherited a fortune from her father.
forefront - przód - in or into an important or leading position in a particular group or activity
Women have always been at the forefront of the Green movement.
with the exception of - z wyjątkiem - a person (thing) that is not included in a general statement
With very few exceptions, private schools get the best exam results.
several - kilka - more than two but not very many
He's written several books about India.
attachment - przywiązanie (do kogoś) - a strong feeling of affection for sb/sth
A child's strong attachment to its parents.
exile - emigrant - the state of being sent to live in another country that is not your own
He returned after 40 years of exile.
reminder - przypomnienie, pamiątka - sth that helps you to remember about sb/sth
The article concludes with a reminder that the disease can strike anyone at any time.
highlands - wyżyny - connected with an area of land that has hills or mountains
There's a lot of highland roads in Tatry.
lowlands - niziny - connected with an area of land that isn't very high above sea level
Mazowsze is a lowland area.
split - rozdział, rozstanie - to divide, or to make something divide, into two or more parts
Slate splits easily into thin sheets.
adjoining - przyległy, sąsiadujący - to be next to or joined to sth
They stayed in adjoining rooms.
particularly - w szczególności, zwłaszcza - especially, more than usual
Traffic is bad, particularly in the city centre.
allegiance - wierność, lojalność - a person's continued support for a religion, ruler
People of various party allegiances joined the campaign.
to bully - tyranizować, znęcać się - a person who uses strength, power to frighten or hurt weaker people
Leave him alone, you big bully!
edge - krawędź, brzeg - the outside limit of an object, a surface or an area
He stood on the edge of the cliff.
novelist - pisarz - a person who writes novels
Shakespeare was a romantic novelist.
ancient - starożytny - belonging to a period of history that is thousands of years in the past
Ancient Greece is the subject of Mithology.
savage - ostry, srogi - aggressive and violent; causing great harm
She had been badly hurt in what police described as `a savage attack'.
noble - szlachetny - having fine personal qualities that people admire
It was very noble of you to go so far to take him home.
warrior - wojownik - a person who fights in a battle or war
There's a few well known warriors in the Polish history.
acquaintances - znajomości - a person that you know but who is not a close friend
He's just a business acquaintance.
awkward - niezręczny - making you feel embarrassed
There was an awkward silence.
approach - podejście - to speak to sb about sth; to ask them for sth or to offer to do sth
We have been approached by a number of companies that are interested in our product.
to choke - dławić się - to be unable to breathe because the passage to your lungs is blocked or you cannot get enough air
She almost choked to death in the thick fumes.
mother - tongue - język ojczysty - the language that you first learn to speak when you are a child
His mother - tongue is Welsh.
hostility - wrogość - unfriendly or aggressive feelings or behavior
There was open hostility between the two schools.
hospitality - gościnność - friendly and generous behaviour towards guests
Thank you for your kind hospitality.
arsonist - podpalacz - a person who commits the crime of arson
The fire was started by the arsonist.
policy - zasada - a principle that you believe in that influences how you behave
She is following her usual policy of ignoring all offers of help.
supreme - naczelny - highest in rank or position
It is an event in which she reigns supreme.
evidence - dowód - the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that something is true
There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer.
anthem - hymn państwowy - a song that has a special importance for a country
The European anthem was played at the opening and closing ceremonies.
distinction - różnica - a clear difference between people or things that are similar
We need to draw a distinction between the two events.
issue - kwestia, sprawa - an important topic that people are discussing or arguing about
This is a big issue; we need more time to think about it.
successive - kolejny, następny - following immediately one after the other
This was their fourth successive win.
bilingual - dwujęzyczny - able to speak two languages equally well
She is bilingual in English and Punjabi.
to refuse - odmawiać - to say that you will not do sth that sb has asked you to do
Go on, ask her; she can hardly refuse.
to advertise - ogłaszać - to tell the public about a product or a service in order to encourage people to buy or to use it
If you want to attract more customers, try advertising in the local paper.
habits - nawyki - a things that you do often and almost without thinking
You need to change your eating habits.
customs - opłaty celne - the taxes that must be paid to the government when goods are brought in from other countries
I have to fulfill my customs duties.
therefore - dlatego - introduces the logical result of sth that has just been mentioned
He's only 17 and therefore not eligible to vote.
identity - tożsamość - who or what sb/sth is
The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer.
nuclear family - a family that consists of father, mother and children
Not everybody nowadays lives in the conventional nuclear family.
minority - mniejszość - less than a half
For a minority, the decision was a disappointment.
household - godpodarstwo domowe - all the people living together in a house, flat
Most households now own at least one car.
funeral - pogrzeb - a ceremony for burying or cremating a dead person
Hundreds of people attended the funeral.
gathering - zebranie, zgromadzenie - a meeting of people for a particular purpose
A gathering of religious leaders.
to appoint - wyznaczać - to choose somebody for a job or position of responsibility
They have appointed a new head teacher at my son's school.
to imply - sugerować - to to suggest that sth is true
Are you implying (that) I am wrong?
pride - duma - a feeling of pleasure or satisfaction that you get
The sight of her son graduating filled her with pride.
particular - określony, konkretny - emphasizes that you are referring to one individual person
There is one particular patient I'd like you to see.
affairs - skandal, afera - an event that people are talking about in a particular way
The newspapers exaggerated the whole affair wildly.
hyphen - znak minus - the mark used to join two words together to make a new one
Is there a hyphen in post-mortem?
maiden name - nazwisko panieńskie - a woman's family name before marriage
Kate kept her maiden name when she got married.
rigid - surowy, konserwatywny - very strict and difficult to change
His rigid adherence to the rules made him unpopular.
awareness - świadomość - knowing that sth exists and is important
It is important that students develop an awareness of how the Internet can be used.
conscious - świadomy - aware of something; noticing something
She's very conscious of the problems involved.
affiliations - przynależność - a person's connection with a political party, religion
He was arrested because of his political affiliation.
wealth - bogactwo - a large amount of money that a person or country owns
His personal wealth is estimated at around $100 million.
to broadcast - przemawiać - to tell a lot of people about something
I don't like to broadcast the fact that my father owns the company.
indicative - wskazujący - showing or suggesting something
Their failure to act is indicative of their lack of interest.
foreign - zagraniczny - in or from a country that is not your own
You could tell she was foreign by the way she dressed.
extract - streszczenie - a short passage, it gives you an idea of what the whole thing is like
The following extract is taken from her new novel.
to swear - przysięgać - to make a serious promise to do something
I swear (that) I'll never leave you.
to associate - łączyć - to make a connection between people or things in your mind
I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood.
to assume - snuć założenia - to think or accept that sth is true without having proof of it
It is reasonable to assume (that) the economy will continue to improve.
posh - elegant, modniś - elegant and expensive
You look very posh in your new suit.
connotations - konotacje - an idea suggested by a word in addition to its main meaning
The word `professional' has connotations of skill and excellence.
survey - badanie - an investigation of the opinion of a particular group of people
A recent survey showed 75% of those questioned were in favour of the plan.
membership - członkowstwo - the state of being a member of a group, a club
Who is eligible to apply for membership of the association?
domestic - krajowy - of or inside a particular country; not foreign or international
Output consists of both exports and sales on the domestic market.
to commemorate - obchodzić - to remind people of a person or an event from the past
A series of movies will be shown to commemorate the 30th anniversary of his death.
anniversary - rocznica - a date that is an exact number of years after the date of an important or special event
We'd like to celebrate your wedding anniversary.
community - społeczeństwo - all the people who live in a particular area, country
The local community was shocked by the murders.
lesser - mniej ważny - not as great in size, amount or importance as sth/sb else
They were all involved to a greater or lesser degree.
alongside - wzdłuż - next to or at the side of something
Much of the land alongside the river is below sea level.
whatsoever - jakikolwiek - not of any kind
They received no help whatsoever.
last of all - koniec czegoś - end of sth
We've had a week of -40 weather. I hope we've seen the last of it.
confidence zaufanie - the feeling that you can believe in good qualities of sb/sth
The players all have confidence in their manager.
previous - poprzedni - ha appening or existing before the event or object that you are talking about
No previous experience is necessary for this job.
patronizing - traktować protencjonalnie - showing that you feel better than sb else
I was only trying to explain; I didn't want to sound patronizing.
amusing - zabawny, śmieszny - funny and enjoyable
She writes very amusing letters.
vulnerability - słabość, wrażliwość - weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally
She looked very vulnerable standing there on her own.
measurement - pomiar - the act or the process of finding the size (quantity, degree) of sth
Accurate measurement is very important in science.
chauvinistic - szowninistyczny - a person who has an aggressive and unreasonable belief that their own country is better than all others
Women should defend themselves from a macho chauvinist society.
remarkably - nadzwyczajnie - unusual in a way that causes people to take notice
She was a truly remarkable woman.
entry - wejście - the right or opportunity to enter a place
Entry to the museum is free.
indication - znak, objaw - a remark or sign that shows that sth is happening
There are clear indications that the economy is improving.
deliberate - zamierzony - done on purpose rather than by accident
The speech was a deliberate attempt to embarrass the government.
fluency - biegłość - the quality of being able to speak or write a foreign language
Fluency in French is required for this job.
artificial - sztuczny - made or produced to copy something natural; not real
This is an artificial limb/flower/sweetener.
facilities - urządzenia - services, equipment, etc. that are provided for a particular purpose
The hotel has special facilities for welcoming disabled people.
cautious - ostrożny - being careful about what you say or do, especially to avoid danger
They've taken a very cautious approach.
undoubtedly - niewątpliwie - used to emphasize that something exists or is definitely true
There is undoubtedly a great deal of truth in what he says.
annual - coroczny - happening or done once every year
At the annual APEC meetings, ministers debate and eventually approve the final communiqué.
pastime - hobby - sth that you enjoy doing when you are not working
Watching television now seems to be the most popular national pastime.
a bowler hat - melonik - a hard black hat with a curved brim and round top, worn, for example, in the past by men in business in Britain
The train was full of uniformly looking young men in bowlers and black suits.
to queue - stać w kolejce - a line of people, cars, etc. waiting for something
How long were you in the queue?
average - średni, przeciętny - typical or normal
40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people.
suspicion - podejrzenie - a feeling that sb has done sth wrong, illegal or dishonest
They drove away slowly to avoid arousing suspicion.
to proclaim - obwieszczać - to publicly and officially tell people about something important
The president proclaimed a state of emergency.
at large (idiom) - w całości - as a whole, in general
The opinion of the public at large.
nevertheless - mimo/pomimo to - despite something that you have just mentioned
The old system had its flaws, but nevertheless it was preferable to the new one.
swot - kujon - a person who spends too much time studying
She's a real swot.
trickery - oszustwo - the use of dishonest methods to trick people in order to achieve what you want
Jack was not admitted to heaven because of his lifetime of drunkenness and trickery.
indigenous - krajowy, tubylczy - belonging to a particular place
The kangaroo is indigenous to Australia.
contribution - zasługi, wkład - a sum of money that is given to a person or an organization in order to help pay for something
All contributions will be gratefully received.
reluctant - niechętny - hesitating before doing something because you do not want to do it
She was reluctant to admit she was wrong.
up-to-date - nowoczesny, aktualny - modern, fashionable
This technology is bang up to date.
stubborn - uparty - determined not to change your opinion or attitude
He was too stubborn to admit that he was wrong.
token - znak, symbol - something that is a symbol of a feeling, a fact, an event
Please accept this small gift as a token of our gratitude.
intrinsic - wewnętrzny - belonging to or part of the real nature of something/somebody
These tasks were repetitive, lengthy and lacking any intrinsic interest.
indeed - rzeczywiście - used to emphasize a positive statement or answer
It is indeed a remarkable achievement.
double-decker - autobus piętrowy - a bus with two floors, one on top of the other
thatched - strzecha - dried straw, reeds, etc. used for making a roof
The thatch was badly damaged in the storm.
cottages - domki wiejskie - a small house, especially in the country
A charming country cottage with roses around the door.
path - ścieżka - a way or track that is built or is made by the action of people walking
The path led up a steep hill.
allotments - działki - a small area of land in a town which a person can rent in order to grow vegetables on it
Water allotments to farmers were cut back in the drought.
mainly - głównie - more than anything else
They eat mainly fruit and nuts.
charity - instytucja dobroczynna - an organization for helping people in need
The concert will raise money for local charities.
to acquire - nabyć, kupić - to gain something by your own efforts, ability or behaviour
She has acquired a good knowledge of English.
approval - potwierdzenie, zgoda - the feeling that sb/sth is good or acceptable; a positive opinion of sb/sth
She desperately wanted to win her father's approval.