FUTURE TENSES (FUTURE SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS, FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE &

CONTINUOUS )

Date: 28.03.2009

Year: I - II

System: part - time studies

Time: 25 min

1. FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE

A. Use

• This tense expresses opinions, assumptions/speculations about the future

• Typical adverbs: assume, be afraid, feel sure, believe, doubt, expect, hope, suppose, think and wonder.

• Typical adverbs: perhaps, possibly, probably, surely, supposedly, assumingly.

1. (I am sure) he will come back.

2. (Perhaps) we will find him at the hotel.

• Habitual actions:

1. Summer will come again

2. People will make plans

3. Winter will be over finally.

• Used with verbs not normally used in the continuous tenses (auxiliary and stative verbs or verbs of emotions, thinking and possessing)

1. She will wonder where you are.

2. They will know tonight.

3. You will have time for tea, do not worry…

• Used in papers, news broadcasts formal announcements and weather forecasts. In conversations such statements would be expressed by the Present Continuous or by `be going to' form:

1. PAPER: The President will open the new heliport tomorrow.

2. READER: The President is going to/ is opening the new heliport tomorrow.

2. THE FUTURE CONTINUOUS

• Used as an ordinary continuous tense. It expresses an action which starts before the time and (probably) continues after it:

1. Now everybody is sitting in their classroom. They are listening to the teacher. This time tomorrow they will be sitting in the cinema. They will be watching a film. On Saturday there is no class. So on Saturday they will be doing other things. Bill will be playing computer games. Ann will be amusing herself in a party, George will be doing nothing…

• Used to express future WITHOUT intention:

1. I will be helping Mary tomorrow. (This does not imply that the leader has arranged anything, It merely states that this action will happen.

2. I am seeing Tom tomorrow.

3. I will be seeing Tom tomorrow.

Here, the future continuous implies an action which will occur in the normal course of events. It is less definite than the present continuous, though.

In (i) the speaker (or Tom) has arranged the meeting. In (ii) they will meet in the ordinary course of events (perhaps they work together…)

Such difference is not always very important:

1. He will be taking his exam next week; (ii) He is taking his exam next week.

• The present continuous tense can only be used with a DEFINITE TIME and for the NEAR future. The future continuous can be used with or without a definite time and for either near or distant future.

3. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE (WILL / SHALL + PEFECT INFINITIVE)

• Used with time expressions of BY: = by then, by that time, by the 24^th:

1. By the end of the month he will have been here for 10 years (no option with Future PC here)

• Used for an action which AT GIVEN FUTURE TIME will be in the PAST or WILL HAVE JUST FINISHED:

1. We` d better wait till 14 December. David will have head his exam by then, so he will be able to enjoy himself (David has an exam on 13 December).

4. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (WILL / SHALL + HAVE BEEN + PP)

• Used wit a time expression of BY:

1. By the end of this year he will have been living here for 30 years.

• Used instead of future perfect tense:

1. When the action is continuous

(i) By the end of the month he will have been living/working/studying here for 10 years.

2. When the action is EXPRESSED as a continuous action

(i) By the end of the month he will have been training horses for 20 years/ climbing mountains.

But: if we mention the number of horses or mountains, or divide this action in any way, we MUST

USE the FUTURE PERFECT:

(ii) By the end of the month he will have trained 600 horses/ climbed 50 mountains.

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