LEARNING STRATEGIES

Steps or behaviors used by lg learners to enhance:

• Acquisition

• Storage

• Retention ( revising in long- term memory)

• Recall

• Use of new info

1. METACOGNITIVE - all techniques used for organizing environment, paying attention, finding out about lg learning, self- monitoring and evaluating.

2. AFFECTIVE - for handling emotions and attitudes, making positive statements, using a check list, etc.

3. SOCIAL - for cooperation, asking for correction, help, explanation, cooperation with native speakers, knowing more about the culture, etc.

4. COGNITIVE - linking new info with existing knowledge, analyzing, classifying, doing exercises, note- taking, using resources, summarizing.

5. MEMORY - for entering new info into memory & retrieving it when necessary, association, imagination, repeating, visual aids, semantic maping, etc.

6. COMPENSATION - to overcome difficulties & gaps in knowledge, avoiding communication, gestures, mimes, using L1, selecting the topic, circumlocuting, simplifying messages, etc.

• 
  Metacognitive strategies halp to regulate learning process, indicate taking actions planning, organizing, being aware.

• 
  Social strategies

• Affective strategies involve cooperation

• 
  Cognitive strategies

• Compensation strategies making enherences, summarizing

• Memory strategies predicting, etc.

` HOW LANGUAGES ARE LEARNED'

by Spada ( OUP)

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