U
I =
R
&! Ä…
&! Ä…
&! Ä… 5
 &!
= 1.0219 &!
 12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
U [V]
I [mA]
 = 1 &! Ä… 5% = 1.5 &! Ä… 5%
1 2
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
1 2
1
2
= 1 &! Ä… 5% = 1.5 &! Ä… 5%
1 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
1 2
1
2
1 2
= Ò! = ·
= · + · = · ( + )
1 2 1 2
= +
1 2
1 2
1 1
= + = + = · ( + )
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
= · ( + ) = ·
1 2 2
·
2 2
= =
· ( + ) +
1 2 1 2