Katarzyna Krępulec Stanisław Supłatowicz, Niezwykła biografia Sat Okha (2004)

background image

8QLZHUV\WHW0DULL&XULH6NáRGRZVNLHM

Z/XEOLQLH

:\G]LDá)LOR]RILLL6RFMRORJLL

:\G]LDá+XPDQLVW\F]Q\

,QVW\WXW+LVWRULL

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHF

Ä6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]

1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKD

F]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

3UDFDPDJLVWHUVNDQDSLVDQD

Z=DNáDG]LH+LVWRULL1DMQRZV]HM

SRGNLHUXQNLHPSURIGUKDE

=ELJQLHZD=DSRURZVNLHJR

/XEOLQ

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

63,675(&,

:673

5R]G]LDá,

0,'=</(*(1' 67$1,6à$:$683à$72:,&=$

$)<&,(06$72.+$

.RU]HQLH

0DWND

6]DZDQH]L

/HRR.DUNR2QR0D

6]NRáD:LONyZ

3RZUyW

=D:LHON :RG

:RMQD

1DOG]LHLPRU]X

2E\ZDWHO,QGLDQLQ

5R]G]LDá,,

'2=,(0,6à21<&+6.$à32:527<:,(/.,(,0$à(

3LyUR'áXJLHJR3LyUD

3U]\PLHU]H

5R]G]LDá,,,

32/6.,58&+35=<-$&,Ïà,1',$1

2MFRZLH]DáR*\FLHOHLMHGHQ']LDGHN

=ORW

,QGLDQLFLZDOF]F\LQGLDQLFLF]\WDMF\

.DJDQHNRZLDW\ZDJLSLyUNRZHM

3RZ:RZ

5R]G]LDá,9

:2.Ïà72)6$02&,67$1,6à$:$683à$72:,&=$

2VNDU*HQLD

2EURQD

=$.2&=(1,(

$1(.6<

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

:673

OLSFD U QD JGDVNLP FPHQWDU]X 6UHEU]\VND ]DNRF]\á VZ GURJ

F]áRZLHN± OHJHQGD:RVWDWQLPSR*HJQDQLXXF]HVWQLF]\áRZLHOX]W\FKNWyU]\JR
]QDOL L FL NWyU]\ W\ONR R QLP Vá\V]HOL .RJR RSáDNLZDQR" 5RG]LQD *HJQDáD
XNRFKDQHJR P*D L RMFD ,QQL VZRMHJR SU]\MDFLHOD -HGQL RGGDZDOL KRQRU\
WRZDU]\V]RZL EURQL SDUW\]DQWRZL REURF\ RMF]\]Q\ GUXG]\ SU]\V]OL SR*HJQDü
]QDNRPLWHJRSLVDU]D NWyUHPX]DZG]LF]DM MHGQR]QDMEDUZQLHMV]\FK ZVSRPQLH
VZRMHJR G]LHFLVWZD %\OL WH* L WDF\ NWyU]\ *HJQDOL Z\ELWQHJR JGDV]F]DQLQD
F]áRZLHND NWyU\ VZHJR F]DVX UR]VáDZLá 3RPRU]H 2SáDNLZDOL JR UyZQLH* MHJR
XF]QLRZLHXF]HVWQLF\3ROVNLHJR5XFKX3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQ1LHNWyU]\]QLFKSU]\E\OL
Z WUDG\F\MQ\FK VWURMDFK WDNLFK MDNLH XF]\á URELü 3RJU]HE QLH QDOH*Dá GR
]Z\F]DMQ\FK *DUQLWXU\ VNyUD F]HU NRORURZH SDFLRU\ NUDZDW\ PRNDV\Q\ ,
ZLHONL VPXWHN )HJQDQR 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D PDU\QDU]D SRGFKRU*HJR
NDSUDODÄ.R]DND´SLVDU]D6DW2NKD'áXJLH3LyUR']LDGNDSROVNLFKLQGLDQLVWyZ
.VLG] RGPDZLDá FKU]HFLMDVNLH PRGOLWZ\ 2ILFMHOH Z\JáDV]DOL XURF]\VWH PRZ\
.RPEDWDQFL SU]\E\OL]HV]WDQGDUDPLDQDUNDZDFK PLHOLELDáRF]HUZRQHRSDVNL
1D WUXPQ ]áR*\OL SROVN IODJ $OH E\áR WDP PLHMVFH UyZQLH* QD SLyURSXV]
2NDG]DQR MHJR JUyE V]DáZL VáRGN WUDZ SRV\S\ZDQR W\WRQLHP7DN MDN XF]\á
3RGNU]\*HP± EXNLHW\NZLDWyZZLHFHLG]LHVLWNLRUOLFKSLyU

1D]\ZDQR JR VHNZRM Z QDGZLODVNLP SLDFKX %\á ÄZRG]HP

F]HUZRQRVNyU\FK´ SRG ELDáRF]HUZRQ EDQGHU QDMVá\QQLHMV]\P SROVNLP
,QGLDQLQHP MHGQ ] QDMEDUG]LHM NRORURZ\FK SRVWDFL 35/X L JZLD]G ,,, 53
=DZV]HIDVF\QRZDáDMHJR*\FLHLQVSLURZDáR
Ä2SRZLHü EG]LH SUDZG]LZD ERKDWHU DXWHQW\F]Q\ FKRü Z KLVWRUL MHJR *\FLD
WUXGQR XZLHU]\ü ± Z\GDMH VL E\ü IDQWDVW\F]QD OLWHUDFND Z\P\ORQD -HGHQ
F]áRZLHN D MDNE\ GZDUy*QH*\FLRU\V\ G]LHFLVWZR L ZF]HVQD PáRGRü Z ODVDFK
.DQDG\ ZUyG LQGLDVNLFK SOHPLRQ Sy(QLHMV]H ODWD Z HXURSHMVNLP NDPLHQQ\P
PLHFLH 1DMSLHUZ MDNR ZROQ\ áRZFD Z\FKRZDQ\ Z V]NROH QDWXU\ RGG\FKDá
SRZLHWU]HP ZROQHM SXV]F]\ D SRWHP MDNR PHFKDQLN RNUWRZ\ Z RJUDQLF]RQHM

,UHQDàDV]\Q.R]DN'áXJLH3LyURÄ']LHQQLN%DáW\FNL´UV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SU]HVWU]HQL PDV]\QRZQL VWDWNyZ KDQGORZ\FK RGE\ZD GDOHNLH UHMV\´

SLV]H

DXWRUNDMHGQHJR]G]LHVLWNyZDUW\NXáyZSRZLFRQ\FK6DW2NKRZL-HJRKLVWRULD
FLHV]\áD VL QLH]PLHQQ SRSXODUQRFL SU]H] EOLVNR SLüG]LHVLW ODW D ODG\
SU]HV]áRFL V\QD ZRG]D 6]DZDQH]yZ Z\NXZDQR ]ELRURZ\P Z\VLáNLHP
QDGJRUOLZ\FK QLHNLHG\ G]LHQQLNDU]\ QD ILUPDPHQFLH SROVNLFK PHGLyZ WZRU]F
MHJRQLHPLHUWHOQ OHJHQG'ODQDMEOL*V]\FKQLHOLF]\áVL MHGQDNWHQFDá\VSOHQGRU
NU]\NOLZH QDJáyZNL JD]HW NRORURZH ]GMFLD IOHV]H .RFKDOL JR SRQLHZD* E\á
GREU\P F]áRZLHNLHP LFK Z]RUHP PLVWU]HP QDXF]\FLHOHP 3U]\MDFLHOHP G]LNL
NWyUHPX *\FLH ZLHOX ] QLFK ]PLHQLáR VL GLDPHWUDOQLH -HPX ]DZG]LF]DM VZyM
SRF]WHN QD ÄGREUHM F]HUZRQHM GURG]H´ Ä PLDáHP WRV]F]FLH *H VSRWNDáHP
6DW2NKDNWyU\QDXF]\áPQLHQDMZD*QLHMV]\FKU]HF]\MDNNRFKDüOXG]LLSU]\URG
MDN*\üZKDUPRQLL'ODPQLHWRQLHMHVWÄ]DEDZDZ,QGLDQ´.D*GHJRGQLDVWDUDP\
VL *\ü MDN ,QGLDQLH NLHURZDü VL LFK GXFKRZ\PL ]DVDGDPL´

GOD -DQD

5]DWNRZVNLHJR L ZLHOX LQQ\FK PLáRQLNyZ NXOWXU\ WXE\OF]\FK $PHU\NDQyZ
GURJRZVND]HPQDLFKGXFKRZHMFLH*FHE\áZáDQLH'áXJLH3LyUR'ODWHJRWH*PRM
SUDF SRG]LHOLáDP VSUDZLHGOLZLH PDP QDG]LHM QD SRGUR]G]LDá\ SRZLFRQH
F]áRZLHNRZL± OHJHQG]LHLQDSRGUR]G]LDá\WUDNWXMFHR*\FLX6DWD ']LDGND]GDOD
RG UHIOHNWRUyZ VáDZ\ .D*G\ UR]G]LDá ] NROHL MHVW VZRLVW V\QWH] REX W\FK
SDUDGRNVDOQLHVSU]HF]Q\FKVWURQMHJRKLVWRULL

: UR]G]LDOH SLHUZV]\P ZLGDü Z\UD(QLH *H MHVW WR KLVWRULD QLH]Z\NáD

3U]HGVWDZLDPZQLPZL]HUXQHNSUDVRZ\ 6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]MDNLZ\NV]WDáFLá
VL QD SU]HVWU]HQL SyáZLHF]D L NRQIURQWXM JR ] PR*OLZLH QDMEDUG]LHM RELHNW\ZQ
SUH]HQWDFM MHJRELRJUDILL$QDOL]DSXEOLNDFMLSUDVRZ\FKXND]XMF\FKVL Z3ROVFH
PLG]\DURNLHPE\áDGODPQLHQDMEDUG]LHMLU\WXMF\PLZ\F]HUSXMF\P
]DGDQLHP1LHMHVWHPZVWDQLHZ\REUD]LüVRELHFRF]XáERKDWHUDUW\NXáyZNWyU\FK
IUDJPHQW\ PR*QD E\ ]DNZDOLILNRZDü EG( WR GR JDWXQNX VHQVDFML EG( GR
IDQWDVW\NL 1DUDVWDMFH SU]H] ODWD QLHFLVáRFL L SU]HNáDPDQLD FKRü QLH RVáDELá\
PHGLDOQLHDWUDNF\MQHJRPLWXSU]\VSRU]\á\6DWRZLZLHOXSUREOHPyZLSU]\NURFLZ
Sy(QLHMV]\P F]DVLH 1LH PQLHM MHGQDN SRPLMDMF ZV]HONLH ]DOHW\ ']LDGND NWyUH

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQPDU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´1U

UV

%HDWD&]HFKRZVND'HUNDF]7LSLF]\VW\FKVHUFDUW\NXá]H]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

]MHGQ\ZDá\ PX ZLHOX ZLHOELFLHOL L ZLHUQ\FK SU]\MDFLyá WR ZáDQLH G]LNL VHWNRP
Z\ZLDGyZNWyU\FKXG]LHODáSU]HUy*QHJRVRUWXG]LHQQLNDU]RPMX* ]D*\FLD]RVWDá
OHJHQG 5R]G]LDá Ä0LG]\ OHJHQG 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]DD*\FLHP 6DW2NKD´
SRUXV]D WH NZHVWLH NWyUH E\á\ QDMFKWQLHM HNVSRQRZDQ\P WHPDWHP L RELHNWHP
]DLQWHUHVRZDQLD SUDV\ 3U]HGH ZV]\VWNLP E\á\ WR ORV\ 6WDQLVáDZ\ 6XSáDWRZLF]
PDWNL 6DWD V]ODFKFLDQNL ]DVáDQHM QD 6\EHUL NWyUD RGQDOD]áD ZROQRü ZUyG
NDQDG\MVNLFK,QGLDQRUD]G]LHFLVWZR6DWDVSG]RQHZáDQLHPLG]\QLPL.ROHMQH
SRGUR]G]LDá\ RSLVXM ] JRáD LQQ\ HWDS Z *\FLX WHM GZyMNL ± SRZUyW GR 3ROVNL L
EUXWDOQ U]HF]\ZLVWRüNUDMXÄELDá\FK´]MDN ]GHU]\áVL VLHGHPQDVWROHWQL6DW2NK
MHJR ZRMHQQ WXáDF]N ZDON Z RGG]LDáDFK SDUW\]DQFNLFK *yUZLWRNU]\VNLFK
'ZLHNRFRZHF]FLGRW\F] SUDF\Z3ROVNLFK/LQLDFK2FHDQLF]Q\FKLZL*F\FK
VL ] W\P SRGUy*\ PLG]\ LQQ\PL GR NUDMX SU]RGNyZ RUD] *\FLD SU\ZDWQHJR
6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]D

: UR]G]LDOH Ä'R =LHPL 6áRQ\FK 6NDá SRZURW\ ZLHONLH L PDáH´ SUH]HQWXM

WZDU] SLVDU]D F]áRZLHND WZyUF]HJR DUW\VW\ 3U]HGVWDZLDP MHJR NROHMQH NURNL Z
SUDF\OLWHUDFNLHMSRV]F]HJyOQHREOLF]DLRZRFHMHJRSU]\JRG\]SLyUHP3R]QDMHP\
WXKLVWRUL SRSXODUQRFL6DW2NKD1LHVSRVyEERZLHPUR]G]LHOLüFLH*HNF]áRZLHND
G]LNLHM SXV]F]\ L DXWRUD NVL*HN G]L NXOWRZ\FK 7R SU]\PLHU]H ] SU]HV]áRFL
DXWHQW\]P ILQH]\MQLH VNRQVWUXRZDQHJRZLDWD HPRFMRQDOQRü MHJR NVL*HN E\á\
JZDUDQFM QLHPLHUWHOQRFL OHJHQG\ 'áXJLHJR 3LyUD L LVNU SRF]WNLHP MHJR
ZLHONLHMSU]\MD(QL]PáRG\PLOXG(PLNWyU]\SRVWDQRZLOLSRZLFLüVL UR]EXG]RQHM
SU]H]QLHJRSDVML

5R]G]LDá WU]HFL SRZLFRQ\ MHVW 3ROVNLHPX 5XFKRZL 3U]\MDFLyá ,QGLDQ

NWyUHJR KLVWRULD áF]\ VL QLHUR]HUZDOQLH ] RVRE 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D
3UH]HQWXMFZLHORWRURZRüG]LDáDOQRFLPLáRQLNyZNXOWXU\ 1DURGyZ7XE\OF]\FK
VSHF\ILN LFK ]DLQWHUHVRZD ZLDW GXFKD L KLVWRULL Z NWyU\ ODWDPL ZWDSLDOL VL ]
XSRUHPLSUDZG]LZ IDVF\QDFMDNFHQWXM UyZQLH* QLHEDJDWHOQ UROMDN RGHJUDá
Z NV]WDáWRZDQLX VL SROVNLHM LQGLDQLVW\NL MHM ']LDGHN 6DW %\á RQ GOD ZLHOX
XF]HVWQLNyZ5XFKXZVSyOQ\PPLDQRZQLNLHP SLHUZV]\PQDXF]\FLHOHPÄ-HOLWHQ
QDV] UXFK PD MDNLNROZLHN VHQV MHOL *\MF\ G]L ,QGLDQLH REX $PHU\N GR]QDM
XF]Xü V\PSDWLL L ZVSDUFLD ] QDV]HM VWURQ\ ± VSRUD Z W\P ]DVáXJD 6WDQLVáDZD

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

6XSáDWRZLF]D± SLV]H0DUHN0DFLRáHNUHGDNWRUQDF]HOQ\ 3LVPD3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQ
Ä7DZDFLQ´± 8PLDáUR]EXG]LüZPáRG\PF]áRZLHNXIDVF\QDFM ZLDWHPL*\FLHP
,QGLDQ R NWyU\FK RSRZLDGDá MDN QLNW LQQ\ 7R QLF *H F]DVDPL NUHOLá ]E\W
LGHDOLVW\F]Q\ ]E\W GREU\ REUD] ZLDWD ,QGLDQ %H] QLHJR ZLHOX ] QDV LQDF]HM
XáR*\áRE\ VRELH *\FLH 7HJR QLH QDOH*\ VL ZVW\G]Lü DQL Z\SLHUDü =DZV]H
VNXSLDá QD VRELH XZDJ PáRG\FK OXG]L %\á QLH]DZRGQ\P ÄPDJQHVHP´
SU]\FLJDMF\PWáXP\]DLQWHUHVRZDQ\FK%H]QLHJRZLHOHLPSUH]]DNRF]\áRE\VL
ILDVNLHP´

Ä:\EXFKDMFH FR MDNL F]DV VSRU\ ZRNyá MHJR WR*VDPRFL RGVáDQLDá\ Z

JUXQFLH U]HF]\ QLHGRVWDWNL QDV]HJR ZáDVQHJRZLDWRSRJOGX ± NRQW\QXXMH GDOHM
0DUHN 0DFLRáHN ± MHOL ZLHP\ FR GDOHM URELü ] W G]LHFLFD IDVF\QDFM Z
GRURVá\PMX* *\FLX± QLHLVWRWQHMHVWF]\ 6DW2NKE\áNDQDG\MVNLP6]DZDQH]HP
F]\QLH´

'ODQLHNWyU\FKLQGLDQLVWyZE\áWRMHGQDNLVWRWQ\GHWDO:ODWDFKW\FK

RILFMDOQLH QLH]QDQH SHUVRQ\ GRNRQDá\ VZRLVWHM OXVWUDFML ELRJUDILL 6DWD 6SUDZD
QLHFLVáRFL Z MHJR*\FLRU\VLHL QLHRGSDUWDFKü LFK ZHU\ILNDFML VWDáDVL GUD*OLZ
NZHVWL Z 5XFKX : GZyFK SRGUR]G]LDáDFK UR]G]LDáX F]ZDUWHJR Ä:RNyá
WR*VDPRFL 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D´ SUH]HQWXM DUJXPHQW\ GZyFK IURQWyZ
RVNDU*HQLD EH] RVNDU*\FLHOL RUD] OLQL REURQ\ XF]QLyZ ']LDGND 6DP 6DW FKRü
EDUG]R EROHQLH WR SU]H*\á QLJG\ SXEOLF]QLH QLH UR]ZRG]Lá VL QDG V\WXDFM Z
NWyUHM JR SRVWDZLRQR 1LH PLDá Z ]Z\F]DMX VNDU*\ü VL -HJR VWDQRZLVNR GREU]H
RSLVXM VáRZD.ODXGLXV]D-DQNRZVNLHJRVFHQDU]\VW\NWyU\ VSRURF]DVXSRZLFLá
QD XGRNXPHQWRZDQLH ELRJUDILL VZRMHJR SU]\MDFLHOD Ä1LJG\ PX QLH ]DOH*DáR QD
XGRZDGQLDQLXNRPXNROZLHNF]HJRNROZLHNLSU]HNRQ\ZDQLXLQQ\FK*HQLHMHVWMDN
P\O´

2VWDWQLD F]ü ± $QHNV\ V EDUZQ PR]DLN ]áR*RQ NX SDPLFL RVRE\

NWyUHMRGHMFLHQLHEG]LHQLJG\UyZQR]QDF]QH]]DSRPQLHQLHP2VWDWQLHNDUW\WHM
SUDF\ V VFHQ GOD OXG]L NWyU]\ SUH]HQWXM WDP ]EXGRZDQ\ ]H VNUDZNyZ
ZVSRPQLHREUD]ÄQDG]Z\F]DMQHJRQRUPDOQHJRF]áRZLHND´

0DUHN0DFLRáHN6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]µ7DZDFLQ´1U>@MHVLH V

,ELGHPV

.ODXGLXV]-DQNRZVNL/LVWGRDXWRUNLSUDF\]UZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]U ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

%\áRGODPQLHRJURPQ\P]DV]F]\WHP]QDüWHJRF]áRZLHND&KRüQLHGáXJRL

FKRü QLH SR]RVWDáR PL SR QLP ZLHOH ZVSRPQLH ND*GH ] QLFK MHVW GOD PQLH
EH]FHQQH&LNWyU]\]QDOLJR]QDF]QLHGáX*HML]QDF]QLHOHSLHMFLNWyU]\NRFKDOLJR
PRFQLHM SRZLFLOL VZyM F]DV L SRG]LHOLOL VL ]H PQ W F]VWN 6DWD MDN LP
SR]RVWDZLá %H] QLFK WD SUDFD QLJG\ E\ QLH SRZVWDáD :V]\VWNLPW\P NWyU]\ PL
SRPRJOL± VHUGHF]QLHG]LNXM
6SHFMDOQH SRG]LNRZDQLD QDOH* VL UyZQLH* PRMHPX SURPRWRURZL SURI GU KDE
=ELJQLHZRZL=DSRURZVNLHPX]D-HJRZLW GRPQLHFLHUSOLZRü]DLQWHUHVRZDQLH
ZVSDUFLHRUD]DNFHSWDFM IRUP\LWUHFLWHM*HSUDF\

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

52='=,$à,

0,'=</(*(1' 67$1,6à$:$683à$72:,&=$$)<&,(0

6$72.+$

$QHJGRW\ RSRZLDGDQH SU]\ ]ORWRZ\FK RJQLVNDFK KLVWRU\MNL NU*FH PLG]\

GZRPD SRNROHQLDPL LQGLDQLVWyZ Z\VWSLHQLD WHOHZL]\MQH 6DWD F]\ WH* OLF]QH
XND]XMFH VL QLHPDO SU]H] Syá ZLHNX Z SUDVLH UHJLRQDOQHM L RJyOQRNUDMRZHM
DUW\NXá\ XSRZV]HFKQLá\ L XJUXQWRZDá\ Z ZLDGRPRFL ]DLQWHUHVRZDQ\FK
QLH]Z\Ná\ EDUZQ\ L G\QDPLF]Q\ REUD] *\FLD 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D
1LHWX]LQNRZDSRVWDü]QLH]Z\Ná ELRJUDIL E\áDZG]LF]Q\PRELHNWHPFKHáSOLZHJR
]DLQWHUHVRZDQLD NDPHU L PLNURIRQyZ XURNOLZ\P WHPDWHP QLHNRF]F\FK VL
UR]PyZ ] G]LHVLWNDPL G]LHQQLNDU]\ 0DWND XFLHND ] 6\EHULL GR .DQDG\ JG]LH
XUDWRZDQDSU]H],QGLDQSROXELDLFKZRG]D2ZRFHPLFK]ZL]NXMHVW6DW.ROHMH
ORVXU]XFDM PáRGHJRZRMRZQLNDGRRMF]\]Q\PDWNL]DNWyU SU]\MG]LHPXZDOF]\ü
Z $. 3RWHP *\ZRW VNURPQHJR PDU\QDU]D L SRGUy*H 3y(QLHM SLHUZV]H NVL*NL
SLHUZV]HZ\ZLDG\«1DZHWWDNVFKHPDW\F]QDZHUVMDMHJR*\FLRU\VXMHVWáDNRP\P
NVNLHP GOD SRV]XNLZDF]\ WHPDWyZ QLH]Z\F]DMQ\FK 2G SLHUZV]\FK Z]PLDQHN
SUDVRZ\FK Z GUXJLHM SRáRZLH ODW W\FK D* GR RVWDWQLFK SU]HGPLHUWQ\FK
DUW\NXáyZ Z U 6DW PDJQHW\]RZDá F]\WHOQLNyZ :LHOROHWQLD REHFQRü QD
áDPDFK SUDV\ F]\ WHOHZL]ML ]ZL]DQD ] QLHSU]HUZDQ SUDF OLWHUDFN XF]\QLáD JR
RVRE EDUG]RSRSXODUQ0LDáVHWNLVSRWND ]F]\WHOQLNDPLJRFLáZZLHOXV]NRáDFK
GRPDFK NXOWXU\ RURGNDFK Z FDáHM 3ROVFH RWZLHUDá ZLHOH Z\VWDZ L LPSUH]
NXOWXUDOQ\FK%\áSU]H]GHNDG\ QLH]PRUGRZDQ\PSRSXODU\]DWRUHPNXOWXU\ ,QGLDQ
$PHU\NL3yáQRFQHM, ]GHF\GRZDQLHQDMEDUG]LHM PHGLDOQ\P$Z ]ZL]NX]W\P
MHJRURPDQW\F]QDKLVWRULDSRGOHJDáDZFLJXW\FKGHNDGVZRLVW\PNUHDFMRP

-HGQ\P]ZD*QLHMV]\FKF]\QQLNyZNUHRZDQLDMHJRZL]HUXQNXSU]HNLONDQDFLH

ODW E\áDÄSROLW\F]QD SRSUDZQRü´ : ODWDFK W\FKL W\FK G]LHQQLNDU]H PRJOL
SU]HGVWDZLüW\ONRÄMHG\QLHVáXV]Q´ZHUVM Z\GDU]H1DSU]\NáDGÄ7U\EXQD/XGX´
]URSLVXMHMDNÄZUD]]PDWN Ä'áXJLH3LyUR´SU]\E\áGR3ROVNLZULWX

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

MX* SR]RVWDá´

,DQLVáRZDRMHJRZRMHQQ\FKORVDFKRZL]LHQLXLEUDNXPR*OLZRFL

SRZURWXGR.DQDG\.ROHMQ\SU]\NáDGÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]]RVWDáZURNX
DUHV]WRZDQ\SU]H]KLWOHURZVNLFKREURFyZF]\VWRFLUDV\LZ\VáDQ\GR2ZLFLPLD
GR NWyUHJR MHGQDN QLH GRMHFKDá ± XFLHNá ] WUDQVSRUWX L GRVWDá VL GR RGG]LDáyZ
SDUW\]DQFNLFK´

, DQL VáRZD GR MDNLFK $UPLD .UDMRZD ZHV]áD V]WXUPHP GR

*\FLRU\VX6DWDZODWDFKW\FKÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´]U]HV]F]HJyáDPLRSLVXMH
SDUW\]DQFNLH GRNRQDQLD 6DW2NKD ÄXF]HVWQLF]\á Z RVZRERG]HQLX ZL(QLyZ Z
.RVNLHPSU]HG]LHUDáVL ]RNU*HQLDZ*yUNDFK0LHOHMRZLHFNLFK´

3RGREQ\ORV

VSRWNDáUyZQLH* MHJRPDWN*D]HW\Ä]V\áDá\´M ZUy*QHF]FL6\EHULL]Uy*Q\FK
SRZRGyZ ZS\FKDMF M Z V]HUHJL Uy*Q\FK SDUWLL SROLW\F]Q\FK : ODWDFK W\FK
SLVDQRRQLHMSU]HZD*QLHWDNÄ«UHZROXFMRQLVWND]U]RVWDáD]HVáDQDSU]H]
ZáDG]HFDUVNLHQD&]XNRWN´

:ÄZLHFLH0áRG\FK´]UILJXUXMHMDNRMX*

ÄF]áRQHN 6'.3L/ 5DGRPLD´

L WUDILD QD ]LHPL -RNXWyZ Ä3DQRUDPD´ GZD ODWD

ZF]HQLHM SLV]H R QLHM MDNR R QDXF]\FLHOFH ] JXEHUQL NLHOHFNLHM ]HVáDQHM Ä]D
SU]HNRQDQLD L G]LDáDOQRü NRQVSLUDF\MQ Z RNROLFH 0RU]D %HULQJD´

'RSLHUR Z

ODWDFK G]LHZLüG]LHVLW\FK ÄSR]ZRORQR´ MHM QD ZDON QDURGRZRZ\]ZROHF] ±
5]HF]SRVSROLWDZU]DPLHFLáDDUW\NXáZNWyU\P6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]]
GRPX2NyOVND]HVáDQD]RVWDáD]DÄSROLW\F]Q G]LDáDOQRüZNyáNDFKZDOF]F\FKR
SROVNRü

W\PUD]HPZRNROLFH,UNXFND

7DNLFK QLHFLVáRFL MHVW Z *\FLRU\VLH 6DWD ]QDF]QLH ZLFHM -HGQDN*H QLH

ZV]\VWNLH PR*QD Z\WáXPDF]\ü SDQXMF\PL Z RNUHORQ\P F]DVLH WHQGHQFMDPL
&]ü]QLFKZ\URVáD]VDPHMVSHF\ILNLZ\GDU]H ± Z]DPLHV]DQLXUHZROXF\MQ\P
ZNDQDG\MVNLHMSXV]F]\F]\SRGF]DVZRMQ\WUXGQRSU]HFLH* RFLVá GRNXPHQWDFM
Z\SDGNyZ &]ü ELRJUDILF]Q\FK ÄELDá\FK SODP´ VSRZRGRZDá VDP 6DW2NK ±
QLJG\QLHSU]\ZL]\ZDáZDJLGRGDWGDOHNLE\áRGREHMPRZDQLDVZRMHJR*\FLDZ

'áXJLH3LyUR Ä7U\EXQD/XGX´QU

6DW2NKSROVNLPPDU\QDU]HPÄ.XULHU /XEHOVNL´QUVSRU,QGLDQLQSROVNLHJR

SRFKRG]HQLD ´*áRV:LHONRSROVNL´QU06]WHMQHUW3ROVNL,QGLDQLQÄ=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´U

QUV

-DQXV]-XUNRZVNL6DW2NK± V\QZRG]DLQGLDVNLHJRÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´QUV

6DW2NKSROVNLPPDU\QDU]HPÄ.XULHUOXEHOVNL´QUV

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQ0DU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

7HUHVD:RMWHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV

5RPDQ:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

FLDVQHUDP\URGNRZRHXURSHMVNLHJRF]DVX0LDáVZyMZáDVQ\Ä,QGLDQ7LPH´3R]D
W\P Z\GDMH VL E\ü SUDZLH QLHPR*OLZ\P V]F]HJyáRZH RPDZLDQLH *\FLD VZRMHM
PDWNL VNRUR VDPD PyZLáD R QLP QLHZLHOH 6DW MHGQDN ]QDF]Q F]ü SUDVRZ\FK
QLHFLVáRFL SU]\SLVXMH XáDVNLHM ZUF] IDQWD]ML G]LHQQLNDUVNLHM &\WRZDQD MX*
DXWRUND DUW\NXáX Ä,QGLDQLQ PDU\QDU]HP F]\OL G]LHMH 'áXJLHJR 3LyUD´ %DUEDUD
7\OLFND XPLHFLáD Z QLP ]DVNDNXMF LQIRUPDFM NWyUD ZVWU]VQáD ]DSHZQH
F]\WHOQLNDPL 6WDQLVáDZHP 6XSáDWRZLF]HP Z V]F]HJyOQRFL JG\* RND]Dá VL E\ü
SUDZQXNLHP 7HFXPVHKD ZLHONLHJR ZRG]D 6]DZDQH]yZ :\ZLDG ]DZLHUDMF\
WDNLH UHZHODFMH QLJG\ QLH ]RVWDá SU]H] 6DWD DXWRU\]RZDQ\ -DQ 5]DWNRZVNL
QDMEOL*V]\ SU]\MDFLHO 6DW2NKD L MHJR XF]H ZVSRPLQD WD KLVWRUL ] QLHXNU\ZDQ
LU\WDFMÄ.D*G\ZLHONLF]áRZLHNPD]DJPDWZDQ\*\FLRU\V=ZL]DQHMHVWWR]W\P
*H G]LHQQLNDU]H SLVDOL E]GXU\ EH] SRUR]XPLHQLD VL ] ]DLQWHUHVRZDQ\P -HGQ ]
WDNLFKE]GXUMHVWWR*HE\áSUDZQXNLHP7HFXPVHKD7RE\áDMDND RVREDµ[¶NWyUDR
,QGLDQDFK PLDáD EODGH SRMFLH GRZLHG]LDáD VL *H *\MH VRELH WDNL 6DW L « FDá\
DUW\NXá ]RVWDá ]P\ORQ\´

.RORU\]RZDQLH SU]HLQDF]DQLH GRSRZLDGDQLH± WDNLH

V\WXDFMHPLDá\PLHMVFHQLHMHGQRNURWQLH

&KFLDáDE\P Z W\P PLHMVFX MHG\QLH ]DV\JQDOL]RZDü SHZLHQ SUREOHP ±

GRW\F]F\QLH]JRGQRFLIDNWyZZ*\FLRU\VLH6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]DL]ZL]DQ ]
W\P VZRLVW ÄOXVWUDFM´ 6DWD Z URGRZLVNX LQGLDQLVWyZ SRQLHZD* NZHVWLD WD
]RVWDQLHUR]ZLQLWDZUR]G]LDOH,9

1D SU]HVWU]HQL ODW ELRJUDILD 6DWD Z]ERJDFDáD VL L URVáD Z PHGLDOQ VLá

.UyWNLH QRWDWNL ]DVWSLRQH ]RVWDá\ F\NODPL DUW\NXáyZ Z SUDVLH RJyOQRSROVNLHM
5R]SLV\ZDQR VL R MHJR WZyUF]RFL R G]LDáDOQRFL QD SROX 3ROVNLHJR 5XFKX
3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQ3U]HGHZV]\VWNLPMHGQDNQDMZLFHMPLHMVFDLF]DVXSRZLFDQR
FLJOH MHJR QLH]Z\NáHPX *\FLRU\VRZL NWyU\ ]XSHáQLH ]GRPLQRZDá FDá SRVWDü
7HOHZL]MD HNVSRQRZDáD MHJR HJ]RW\F]Q DWUDNF\MQRü SUDVD URN SR URNX
SU]HGVWDZLDáDXWDUWHMX* V]ODNLMHJRELRJUDILLG]LHQQLNDU]H]DGDZDOLFLJOHWHVDPH
S\WDQLD6DW2NKV\QZRG]D6]DZHQ]yZ*RáQLHU]$.SRSXODUQ\SLVDU]XVXQáZ
FLH F]áRZLHND ± 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D NWyU\ PLDá GR SRZLHG]HQLD ]QDF]QLH
ZLFHMQL* ERKDWHUURPDQW\F]QHMKLVWRULLÄ7RE\áZáDQLHSUREOHP6DWD± WZLHUG]L

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

-DQ5]DWNRZVNL± ']LHVLWNLW\VLF\OXG]L]GDZDáRPXWRVDPRS\WDQLH&]\RQMHVW
F]\ QLH MHVW ,QGLDQLQHP" =HVWDZ G]LHVLFLX F]\ SLWQDVWX S\WD E\áPLD*G*RQ\ Z
WHOHZL]ML F]\ SUDVLH SU]H] OXG]L QD ]ORFLH RQ MX* V]DáX GRVWDZDá :\REUD( VRELH
F]áRZLHNDNWyU\ SU]H]GZDG]LHFLDWU]\G]LHFLODW Vá\V]\ FLJOHWHVDPH EDQDOQH
S\WDQLD 3y(QLHM ]DF]á VRELH URELü *DUW\ Z\P\ODá Uy*QH FLHNDZH KLVWRU\MNL ER
F]Xá VL MDN DXWRPDW MDN VHNUHWDUND 1LNW WH* QLH FKFLDá ] QLP UR]PDZLDü R
F]\PNROZLHNLQQ\P6WGWH* WDNLPLW]URELRQRZSUDVLHFLJOHW\ONRWHQ*\FLRU\V
ZV]G]LHWRVDPR1LHPyJáVL SU]HODQVRZDüMDNRF]áRZLHNGXFKRZ\´

,WDNZSHZQ\PVHQVLHZEUHZVRELHMX* ]D*\FLD6DWVWDáVL OHJHQG

.RU]HQLH

0DWND

+LVWRULD6DW±2NKD]DF]\QDVL QDGáXJRSU]HGMHJRXURG]HQLHP-HJR*\FLRZH

FLH*NLZ\]QDF]RQH]RVWDá\ORVDPLPDWNL

6WDQLVáDZD 2NyOVND ]JRGQLH ] RZLDGF]HQLHP ]áR*RQ\P SU]H] QL X

NLHOHFNLHJRQRWDULXV]DZU]HQLDUXURG]LáDVL SD(G]LHUQLNDUZ
5DGRPLX -XULM6WDGQLF]HQNR WáXPDF] SRGDMF\ VL ]D SU]\MDFLHOD6DWDZ QRFLH
DXWRUVNLHMURV\MVNLHJRZ\GDQLDÄ%LDáHJR0XVWDQJD´SLV]H*H]PDUáDRQDZU
SU]H*\ZV]\ ODWD± XURG]LáDE\ VL ]DWHP Z U = NROHL Z ZLHOX NUDMRZ\FK
SXEOLNDFMDFK SUDVRZ\FK SRGDMH VL *H Z PRPHQFLH ]HVáDQLD U E\áD
ÄNLONXQDVWROHWQL G]LHZF]\QN´

FR VXJHURZDáRE\ MHV]F]H Sy(QLHMV] GDW

XURG]HQLD-HGQDNNVLJDPHOGXQNRZDOXGQRFLVWDáHM PLDVWD 5DGRPLDSRWZLHUG]D
MHGQR]QDF]QLHURF]QLN

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

-DQXV]-XUNRZVNL6DW2NK± V\QZRG]DLQGLDVNLHJRÄ.XULHUOXEHOVNL´QUVSRU

7HUHVD:RMWHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV5RPDQ:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRU

NDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

:HGáXJ ZLNV]RFL SXEOLNDFML 2NyOVND E\áD ÄQDXF]\FLHON VSRG NLHOHFNLHM

ZVL´

QDWRPLDVW URV\MVNL SLVDU] 1LNRáDM :QXNRZ Z SRZLHFL R *\FLX 6DWD

Ä3RVáXFKDMFLHSLHQL3LyUD´]USLV]HRQLHMMDNRRQDXF]\FLHOFHNLHOHFNLHJR
SURJLPQD]MXP1LHGRWDUáDPGR(UyGHáNWyUHPRJá\E\WRSRWZLHUG]Lü

: Z\*HM ZVSRPQLDQ\P RZLDGF]HQLX QRWDULDOQ\P ] U F]\WDP\*H

6WDQLVáDZD2NyOVNDZ\V]áD]DP*]D/HRQD6XSáDWRZLF]DFKHPLNDZUÄ:
RF]DFK ]LHPLDVNLHM URG]LQ\ MDN E\OL 2NyOVF\ ]ZL]HN WHQ XFKRG]Lá ]D
PH]DOLDQV± ZVSRPLQD6DW±2NK± :\MHFKDOLGR5DGRPLD´

5]HF]\ZLFLHRERMH

MDNR PDá*HVWZR ILJXUXM Z NVLG]H PHOGXQNRZHM 5DGRPLD 0LHV]NDOL Z
=DPá\QLX± NLHG\ E\áDWRZLHWHUD]MX* G]LHOQLFD5DGRPLD

-DNMX* ZF]HQLHMZVSRPLQDáDPSU]\SLV\ZDQRMHMÄSRVWSRZHSU]HNRQDQLDL

G]LDáDOQRü NRQVSLUDF\MQ´

F]áRQNRVWZR Z 6'.3L/ GOD NWyUHM WR SDUWLL

ÄSU]HQRVLáD Z GáXJLFK MDVQ\FK ZáRVDFK ]DV]\IURZDQH PHOGXQNL´

MDN FKFLDáE\

6WDGQLF]HQNRLZ\NOXF]DMF VL ]W\PGUXJLPÄSDWULRW\F]Q G]LDáDOQRüZNyáNDFK
ZDOF]F\FK R SROVNRü´

-HGQDN*H Z F\WRZDQ\P MX* ZF]HQLHM RZLDGF]HQLX

6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF] ZVSRPLQD *H QDOH*DáD ] P*HP GR 336±/HZLF\
G]LDáDMFHMZ5DGRPLXL*HZULFKNRPyUND]RVWDáDQDNU\WDSU]H]*DQGDUPyZ
FDUVNLFK Z ]ZL]NX ] F]\P /HRQ 6XSáDWRZLF] ]HVáDQ\ ]RVWDá QD 6\EHUL QD
EH]WHUPLQRZHRVLHGOHQLH'U 0DULD0DáJRU]DWD:LQN]DMPXMFDVL G]LDáDOQRFL
UXFKX VRFMDOLVW\F]QHJR XVWDOLáD*H ÄZ ODWDFK ± QD W\PWHUHQLH LVWQLDá\
QLHZLHONL]DO*NL336&]WHU\SLüRVyESUyERZDáRG]LDáDü2SURFHVLHF]áRQNyZ
SDUWLLQLHSRGOHJáRFLRZFyZ DQLZ .LHOFDFK DQL Z 5DGRPLX QLF QLHZLDGRPR$
WDND VSHNWDNXODUQD U]HF] PXVLDáDE\ PLHü SRWZLHUG]HQLH Z(UyGáDFK 336 E\áD WX
VLOQDDOHZRNUHVLHPLG]\ZRMHQQ\P´

1LHZLHOHGRSRZLHG]HQLDQDWHPDW/HRQD

6XSáDWRZLF]D L MHJR ORVyZ PD UyZQLH* %DUEDUD -RQND NLHURZQLF]ND G]LDáX
:RMHZyG]NLHJR $UFKLZXP 3DVWZRZHJR V]XNDMF MHJR QD]ZLVND Z DNWDFK
ZL]LHQQ\FKÄ1LHPDP\WDNLHMRVRE\ZUHMHVWUDFK1LH]QDF]\WRMHGQDN*HNWR

,ELGHPV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QUV

7HUHVD:RMWHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL/XVWUDWRU]\ZUyGF]HUZRQRVNyU\FKÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QUV

5RPDQ:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QUV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL/HJHQG\URG] VL LXPLHUDMÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

WDNL QLH PyJá SU]HE\ZDü Z W\P ZL]LHQLX 1DV]H (UyGáD QLH V Z VWDQLH WHJR
SRWZLHUG]Lü´

8EyVWZR GRNXPHQWyZ (UyGáRZ\FK WR QLH MHG\Q\ HOHPHQW

SR]RVWDZLDMF\ WDMHPQLF ]QLNQLFLD 6XSáDWRZLF]D QLH RGNU\W 1D PDUJLQHVLH
ZVSRPQLDQHMZF]HQLHMNVLJLPHOGXQNRZHMZLGQLHM ERZLHPSU]\QD]ZLVNDFKWHM
SDU\ PDá*RQNyZZSLVDQHRáyZNLHP SU]\SLV\RLFKPLHUFL± /HRQDZUD
6WDQLVáDZ\ Z U 0R*QD W\ONRVSHNXORZDü R DXWRUDFK L SRZRGDFK SRZVWDQLD
W\FKDGQRWDFML:URV\MVNLHMELRJUDILL6DWDDXWRUVWZD:QXNRZDPR*QDSU]HF]\WDü
*H SR SRZURFLH GR NUDMX SR ZLHOROHWQLHM QLHREHFQRFL 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]
]RVWDáD VZRM URG]LQ MX* GDZQR SRJRG]RQ ] MHM PLHUFL &R ZLFHM QLH
SRJU*RQD Z *DáRELH URG]LQD U\FKáR ]DMáD QDOH*Q MHM F]ü PDMWNX 7UXGQR
SRZLHG]LHüVNGSLVDU]F]HUSDáLQIRUPDFMHQDWHQWHPDW6DP6DWRSLHUZV]\PP*X
VZRMHM PDWNL ZLHG]LDá QLHZLHOH SRGREQLH* R MHJR Sy(QLHMV]\FK ORVDFK Ä2 P*X
VZRMHMPDWNLQLF]HJRZ]DVDG]LHQLHPRJ SRZLHG]LHü2F]\ZLFLHS\WDáHPRQLHJR
ZPáRGRFLDOHPDPDRGSRZLDGDáD*HGRZLHPVLJG\GRURVQ1LJG\MHGQDNGR
WDNLHMUR]PRZ\SRWHPQLHGRV]áR´

: F\WRZDQ\FK SU]H]H PQLH ZF]HQLHM SXEOLNDFMDFK SUDVRZ\FK Z RJyOH QLH

ZVSRPLQDVL R/HRQLH6XSáDWRZLF]XFRZLFHM6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]QLH]RVWDMH
]HVáDQD QD 6\EHUL ] QLP D ]H VZRLP RMFHP Ä0DWND QDV]HJR ERKDWHUD ZUD] ]H
VZRLP RMFHP SU]HE\ZDOL QD ]HVáDQLX QD GDOHNLHM 6\EHULL´

± SRGDMH Ä=LHORQ\

6]WDQGDU´ ] U 5RPDQ :DUV]HZVNL ] Ä5]HF]SRVSROLWHM´ ZVSRPLQD*H MHM
RMFLHFZDOF]\áZSRZVWDQLXVW\F]QLRZ\PU

LEXGXMHQDWHMSRGVWDZLHWHRUL

RQDURGRZR± Z\]ZROHF]\FKWUDG\FMDFKURG]LQ\ 2NyOVNLFKLÄNDUPLH´U]G]FHM
LFK ORVDPL 6WDGQLF]HQNR ] NROHL ]V\áD 6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF] QD 6\EHUL ]D
RMFRZVNL JU]HFK SDWULRW\]PX ZáDQLH QLH ]D ZLQ\ P*D 1DWRPLDVW :QXNRZ Z
VZHM SRZLHFL Ä3RVáXFKDMFLH SLHQL 3LyUD´ VND]XMH M QD VDPRWQ WXáDF]N Ä=D
G]LDáDOQRü UHZROXF\MQ VG]RQR M ] NLONRPD WRZDU]\V]DPL L MDNR V]F]HJyOQLH
QLHEH]SLHF]Q ]HVáDQRQDNUDFH6\EHULL´

0DWND6DWDQLHZVSRPLQDRVZRLPRMFX

,ELGHPV

,ELGHPV

6\Q2UáDL2EáRNXÄ=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´'RGDWHNLOXVWURZDQ\QUVSRU3ROVNL.DURO

0D\´*D]HWD2OV]W\VND´QU

5RPDQ:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QUV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL/XVWUDWRU]\ZUyGF]HUZRQRVNyU\FKÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

Z RZLDGF]HQLX ]áR*RQ\P X NLHOHFNLHJR QRWDULXV]D Z U DQL R W\P*H WR
ZáDQLH]QLPSU]\V]áRMHMG]LHOLüNDWRU*QLF]\ORV&RZLFHMQLHZVSRPLQDUyZQLH*
R VZRLP DUHV]WRZDQLX DQL R Z\URNX NWyU\ VND]\ZDáE\ M QD SRE\W Z W\P
ÄQDMZLNV]\P ZL]LHQLX ZLDWD´ 2ZLDGF]D QDWRPLDVW *H WR MHM P* ± /HRQ
VND]DQ\]RVWDáQDEH]WHUPLQRZHRVLHGOHQLHQD6\EHULLDRQDZSDU ODWSR]HVáDQLX
Z\MHFKDáD]DQLP,FKRüWDNMDNMX* ZVSRPQLDáDPUy*QHSXEOLNRZDQHZNUDMXL]D
JUDQLF DUW\NXá\ QRW\ F]\ SRZLHFL Z\]QDF]DM MHM Uy*QH NLHUXQNL WXáDF]NL WDN
VDPD6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]RZLDGF]DZU*HUXV]\áDGR.LU\VNDJG]LH
SU]HE\ZDá MHM P* L JG]LH ]DVWDáD JR FL*NR FKRUHJR 3R SDUX PLHVLFDFK /HRQ
6XSáDWRZLF]]PDUá0DWND6DWDQLHXPLHV]F]DMHGQDNZVZRLPRZLDGF]HQLXGDW\
WHJRZ\GDU]HQLD3RPLHUFLP*DZ\MH*G*DQD3yáZ\VHS&]XNRFNLJG]LHSUDFXMH
ZSU]\WXáNXGOD&]XNF]yZ0R*OLZH*HMX* ZPRPHQFLHSRGMFLDGHF\]MLRW\P
Z\MH(G]LH SODQRZDáD QD SRá\ EUDZXURZ QD SRá\ GHVSHUDFN XFLHF]N &KRü
]GHF\GRZDQDZLNV]Rü]HVáDFyZZ\ELHUDáDNLHUXQHNXFLHF]NLQD]DFKyG(XURS\
WDNQDPáRG ZGRZ QLNWLQLFZWDPWHMF]FLZLDWDQLHF]HNDá&]DVE\áGREU\±
URN± PR*QDE\áRZ\NRU]\VWDüUHZROXF\MQLHZU]HQLH1DFHOVZRMHMZGUyZNL
Z\EUDáD$ODVN,FKRüQLHNWyUHSLVPDRNUHODM W ZGUyZN MDNRVDPRWQ MDNQS
Ä.XULHUOXEHOVNL´]UDQLHNWyUHFLJOHXSLHUDM VL SU]\XFLHF]FH]RMFHPQS
Ä=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´]UWRMHGQDN6DWZZLNV]RFLZ\ZLDGyZSRGNUHOD*H
E\áDWRZ\SUDZD]ZLNV] JUXS ]HVáDFyZ3RPRJOLLP&]XNF]RZLH± XGRVWSQLOL
VZRMHF]yáQD]DRSDWU]\OLZSURZLDQWQDGURJ'UDPDW\F]QHE\á\ORV\WHMZ\SUDZ\
]LP U :QLHNWyU\FK DUW\NXáDFKQDZHWQLHSU]HFLWQLHGUDPDW\F]QH:HGáXJ
%DUEDU\ 7\OLFNLHM Ä1D SRF]WNX XFLHF]NL E\áR ] QL WRZDU]\V]\ GRWDUáD W\ONR
RQD MHG\QD «´

: EDUG]LHM GUDVW\F]Q\FK ZHUVMDFK WRZDU]\V]H 6WDQLVáDZ\

6XSáDWRZLF] ]DPDU]DM = NROHL 5RPDQ :DUV]HZVNL XWU]\PXMH *H MX* ÄSU]\
EU]HJDFK2FHDQX6SRNRMQHJRMHGQ ]JUXSGRFLJDSRFLJ´

&]FLSRZVWU]\PDP

VL MHGQDNRGVSHNXODFMLMDNOLF]QHMXGDáRVL SU]HGU]HüSU]H]&LHQLQ %HULQJDQD
$ODVN1LHPRJOLMHGQDNWDP]RVWDü]SRZRGXDPHU\NDVNR± URV\MVNLHMXPRZ\R
RGV\áDQLX ]áDSDQ\FK XFLHNLQLHUyZ 5XV]\OL ZLF QD SRáXGQLH ± GR .DQDG\ 3R

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQPDU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

5RPDQ:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

GURG]HZ\F]HUSDQD6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]]DQLHPRJáD7RZDU]\V]H]RVWDZLDM M
VDP L XGDM VL QD SRV]XNLZDQLH SRPRF\2WR MDN ZVSRPLQDWR VDPD ERKDWHUND
W\FKZ\GDU]HÄ&KFLDáDPGRVWDüVL GRMDNLHJR PLDVWDMHGQDN]DEUDNáRPLVLá«
=QDOH(OL PQLH ,QGLDQLH ]H V]F]HSX 7OLQJOLW6]HZDQD´

%DUG]LHM SODVW\F]Q\ L

URPDQW\F]Q\ RSLV W\FK Z\SDGNyZ PR*HP\ ]QDOH(ü Z RJyOQRSROVNLP W\JRGQLNX
Ä0LOLDUGHU´]UÄ3yáQRFQR± ]DFKRGQLD.DQDGDURN:W\FKUHMRQDFK
]LPD WUZD EH] SU]HUZ\ RVLHP PLHVLF\ 0LHVLF :\MFHJR :LOND MHVW MHM
QDMPUR(QLHMV]\P RNUHVHP 6]DáDV ] JDá]L E\á GR SRáRZ\ SU]\ZDORQ\ QLHJLHP
:HZQWU]OH*DáRFLDáRG]LHZF]\Q\:\VRNL2U]HáV\QZRG]D6]DZDQH]yZWUDILá
QD V]DáDV Z F]DVLH SRORZDQLD =DFLJQá G]LHZF]\Q GR RER]X QD GUHZQLDQ\FK
QRV]DFK3U]H]WU]\W\JRGQLH,QGLDQLHZDOF]\OL]MHMFKRURE´

6]DZDQH]L

Ä6]DZXQ´ F]\ ÄVKDZXQRJL´

Z M]\NX $OJRQNLQyZ R]QDF]D ÄSRáXGQLH´

ÄSRáXGQLRZ\´ 3UDZGRSRGREQLH RG W\FK VáyZ SRZVWDáD QD]ZD SOHPLHQLD
]DPLHV]NXMFHJR ZáDQLH SRáXGQLRZH NUDFH REV]DUX /DVyZ 3yáQRFQR ±
:VFKRGQLFK QDOH*FHJR GR ZLHONLHM DOJRQNLVNLHM URG]LQ\ M]\NRZHM &KRü
LVWQLDá\ RF]\ZLFLHUy*QLFHZRNUHOHQLDFKVWRVRZDQ\FKSU]H]SRV]F]HJyOQHJUXS\
&]LURNH]L QD]\ZDOL LFK Ä$QL ± VDZDQXJL´ .DWDZERZLH Ä6D¶ZD¶QD´ )UDQFX]L
Ä&KDRXDQRQV´%U\W\MF]\F\Ä6KDZDQHVH´DNRORQLFL]3áG.DUROLQ\Ä6DYDQQDK´
']LVLDMZM]\NXDQJLHOVNLPF]\SROVNLPPR*QDRSHURZDüNLONRPDZHUVMDPLW\FK
RNUHOH 6DPL 6]DZDQH]L PyZLOL R VRELH Ä6DZDQQD NLOOD´ ,FK NROHEN SU]HG
NRQWDNWHP ] ELDá\P F]áRZLHNLHP E\áD GROLQD 2KLR JG]LH MDN ZLNV]Rü OXGyZ
DOJRQNLVNLFK ZGURZDOL SR VZ\PREV]DU]H UR]ELMDMF RG F]DVX GR F]DVX SURVWH
VWR*NRZHWLSLF]\OLQDPLRW\SRNU\WHNRU OXEVNyUDPL]ZLHU]W:VZ\FKEDUG]LHM
VWDá\FK OHWQLFK L ]LPRZ\FK RER]RZLVNDFK ] NWyU\FK Z\SXV]F]DOL VL QD

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*DQUV

3DZHá6]SHFKW6DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU³QUV

ZZZGLFNVKRYHOFRP

± VWURQDSRZLFRQDKLVWRULLSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKSOHPLRQSyáQRFQRDPHU\NDVNLFK

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SRV]XNLZDQLH SR*\ZLHQLD VWDZLDOL ZLJZDP\ VNáDGDMFH VL ] GUHZQLDQHM
NRQVWUXNFML SU]\NU\WHM SR]V]\ZDQ\PL NDZDáNDPL NRU\ EU]R]\ L ZL]X OXE
VNyUDPL´

2 LOH SRF]WNRZR 6]DXQLVL ]DMPRZDOL VL JáyZQLH ]ELHUDFWZHP L

SRORZDQLDPL SUDNW\NL WH Z\SDUWH ]RVWDá\ SR F]FL SU]H] XSUDZ UROL NWyUD
]GRPLQRZDáDU\WP*\FLDSOHPLHQLD

:KLVWRULL6]DZDQH]yZSRF]ZV]\RGZLHNX;9,,]QDOH(üPR*QDHOHPHQW\

FKDUDNWHU\VW\F]QH QLHPDO*H GOD ND*GHJR LQQHJR V]F]HSX 3HáQD MHVW RQD
GUDPDW\F]Q\FK ]ZURWyZ ZRMHQ PLG]\SOHPLHQQ\FK QLHUyZQHM ZDONL ]
HXURSHMVNLPLRVDGQLNDPLFKZLOFKZDá\]Z\FLVWZDLJRU\F]\SRUD*HN

: ODWDFK ± /LG]H ,URNHVNLHM /LG]H 3LFLX 1DURGyZ ± 0RKDZN

2QHLGD6HQHFD2QDQGRJDL&D\XJDG*FHMGR]GRPLQRZDQLDKDQGOXIXWUDPL]
ELDá\PLXGDáRVL ]HSFKQü6KDZDQH]yZGR:LVFRQVLQJG]LHSOHPL WRSRG]LHOLáR
VL QDF]WHU\JUXS\-HGQD]QLFKRVLHGOLáDVL ]D$SSDODFKDPLQDGU]HN 6DZDQQDK
.DUROLQD 3áG GUXJD F]ü QDG U]HN &XPEHUODQG 7HQQHVVHH 7U]HFLD JUXSD
SRáF]\áDVL ]SHQV\OZDVNLPL'HODZDUDPL]QDG3HTXD&UHHNL6DVTXHKDQQRFN=
NROHLF]ZDUWDWUDILáDZSREOL*HIUDQFXVNLHJR6W /RXLVQDGU]HN ,OOLQRLV=SRZRGX
NRQIOLNWX]VVLDGDPLLLQZD]\MQHJR]DFKRZDQLDRVDGQLNyZPLJUDFMHWHJRW\SXQLH
XVWDZDá\SRZRGXMFGX*HUR]V]F]HSLHQLHSOHPLHQLD

&LJáH ZDONL ] .RQIHGHUDFM ,OOLQRLV WUZDMFH ] SU]HUZDPL RG U

ZVWU]VDá\WHUHQDPL]DMW\PLSU]H]6]DZDQH]yZZW\FKRNROLFDFKSRZRGXMFLFK
F\NOLF]QD ZGUyZN RG 7HQQHVVHH SU]H] ZVFKRGQL L ]DFKRGQL 3HQV\OZDQL GR
:\RPLQJ:U6KDZQHH]DF]OLZ\FRI\ZDüVL UyZQLH* ].XPEHUODQGXGR
.HQWXFN\ SRNRQDQL SU]H] &]LUSNH]yZ RUD] ] 3áG .DUROLQ\ SR NOVFH Z
SRW\F]NDFK].DWDZEDPL:USRSRZLHV]HQLXZ3KLODGHOSKLSURWHVWXMF\FK
SU]HFLZNR F\VMRPQDU]HF],URNH]yZ'HODZDUyZL6HQHFyZSOHPLRQDWHZUD]]
6]DZDQH]DPL UR]SRF]á\ V]HUHJ Z\SUDZ ZRMHQQ\FK QD WHUHQLH 3HQV\OZDQLL
:LUJLQLLL0DU\ODQGX:RMQDWUZDáDGZDODWD:ODWDFK±6KDZQHH]RVWDOL
]G]LHVLWNRZDQLHSLGHPL RVS\± GRZyGFDIRUWX3LWWNSW6LPHRQ(FX\HUZ\GDáLP
NRFH]DND*RQHRVS

/DUU\-=LPPHUPDQ,QGLDQLH$PHU\NL3yáQRFQHM']LHMLSOHPLRQD:LHU]HQLDL5\WXDá\:DUV]DZD

V

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

3U]HáRP;9,,,L;,;ZWRF]DV7HFXPVHKDLMHJREUDWD7HQVNZDWDZ\.LHG\

ZURND]DáRVL*HZV]\VWNLHSRGHMPRZDQHNURNLPLOLWDUQHLSUDZQHSU]HFLZ
ELDá\P ]DZLRGá\ 7HFXPVHK GDá VL LP SR]QDü MDNR QLH]Z\NOH SUDJPDW\F]Q\ L
HORNZHQWQ\ SU]\ZyGFD =HEUDá ZRNyá VLHELH FDáH U]HV]H PáRG\FK ZRMRZQLNyZ ]
ZLHOX SOHPLRQ QLHVNRU\FK GR SRGGDQLD VL ZROL HXURSHMVNLFK QDMH(G(FyZ GR
SRGSLVDQLD NROHMQ\FK NU]\ZG]F\FK WUDNWDWyZ NWyU\FK SRVWDQRZLHQLD QLH E\á\E\
SU]HVWU]HJDQH3RZLFLáZLHOHF]DVXSRGUy*XMFLSU]HNRQXMFNROHMQHV]F]HS\*H
Ä*DGHQ WUDNWDW JUDQLFD F]\ XPRZD WHU\WRULDOQD QLH MHVW ZVWDQLH ]DJZDUDQWRZDü
EH]SLHF]HVWZD DQL OXGRP WXE\OF]\P DQL LFK ]LHPL Z VWRVXQNX GR SRVWSXMFHM
FKFLZRFL ELDá\FK -HG\Q\P VSRVREHP RGHSFKQLFLD WHM JUR(E\ RG ZV]\VWNLFK
SOHPLRQ MHVW ]MHGQRF]HQLH ± QLH Z OX(Q W\PF]DVRZ NRQIHGHUDFM V]F]HSyZ
SRVLDGDMF\FK ZáDVQ\FK SU]\ZyGFyZ MDN WR ]D]Z\F]DM E\ZDáR DOH Z MHGQR
SROLW\F]QH FLDáR ]H ]MHGQRF]RQ ZáDG] « -HOL ELDOL ]DSUDJQOLE\ ZRMQ\
PXVLHOLE\ VWDZLüF]RáDRJURPQHMDUPLL]áR*RQHM]U]HV]\ ZV]\VWNLFKZRMRZQLNyZ
ZV]\VWNLFK SOHPLRQ´

%\á ZLHONLP SU]\ZyGF SHáQ\P SDVML SU]HZLGXMF\P

]QDNRPLW\P SROLW\NLHP FDáNRZLFLH RGGDQ\P VZRMHM PLVML F]HJR QLH PR*QD
SRZLHG]LHü R MHJR EUDFLH Ä3URURN 6]DXQLVyZ´ MDN QD]\ZDQR 7HQVNZDWDZH
VSURZDG]LáVZyMQDUyGQDVNUDMSU]HSDFL6ZHJRF]DVXSRGF]DVHSLGHPLLSU]H*\á
RQNLONDZL]MRQHUVNLFKWUDQVyZSRGNWyU\FKZSá\ZHPÄ«WHQOHQLZ\FKHáSOLZ\
SLMDN ]PLHQLá VL QLH GR SR]QDQLD 2]QDMPLá ZVSyáSOHPLHFRP *H 3DQ )\FLD
SRND]DáPXUDMSHáHQ]ZLHU]\Q\ áRZQHML*\]Q\FKSyONXNXU\G]LDQ\FKWDNLHE\á\
]LHPLH 6]DZDQH]yZ SU]HG SU]\E\FLHP ELDá\FK -HOL 6]DXQLVL ZUyF QD GURJ
FQRW\ WHQ UDM UyZQLH* GR QLFK SRZUyFL´

:DUWRFL R NWyU\FK PyZLá SURURN ±

QD]\ZDQ\ RGWG Ä2WZDUWH 'U]ZL´ E\á\ SU]HG]LZQ NRPELQDFM WUDG\F\MQ\FK
SOHPLHQQ\FK ZLHU]H ] HOHPHQWDPL ZLDU\ FKU]HFLMDVNLHM &KRü MHJR QDXNL
]GRE\á\ GX* SRSXODUQRü ZUyG ZLHOX SOHPLRQ L W\P VDP\P SU]\VSRU]\á\
]ZROHQQLNyZ VSUDZLH 7HFXPVHKD WR MHGQDN EUDN UR]WURSQRFL L ]DOHSLHQLH
7HQVNZDWDZ\ QLH SU]\VáX*\áR VL QDGWR 6]DZDQH]RP : U PLPR RVWU]H*H
EUDWD]DDWDNRZDáRGG]LDá\DPHU\NDVNLHSRGGRZyG]WZHPJHQ+HQU\¶HJR3URFWRUD

ZZZVKDZQHHQDWLRQFRP

RILFMDOQDVWURQDLQWHUQHWRZDSOHPLHQLD6]DZDQH]yZ

/DUU\-=LPPHUPDQRSFLWV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

DSRQLyVáV]\NOVNVWUDFLáSRSDUFLH]LRPNyZ5R]SRF]W ZDON ]VLáDPL:LOOLDPD
+HQU\¶HJR+DUULVRQDSU]\V]áHJRSUH]\GHQWDNRQW\QXRZDá7HFXPVHKD* GRVZRMHM
PLHUFLZELWZLHQDG7KDPHV5LYHUSD(G]LHUQLNDU

:LHN ;,; L SRF]WHN ;; XSá\Q 6]DZDQH]RP Z PLDU VSRNRMQLH EH]

ZLNV]\FK Z]ORWyZ L XSDGNyZ Z SRF]XFLX ]QLHZROHQLD L VWUDFRQHM QD ]DZV]H
SU]HV]áRFL =JRGQLH ] V]DFXQNDPL SU]HSURZDG]RQHJR Z U VSLVX OXGQRFL
Ä« XVWDORQR OLF]HEQRü SOHPLHQLD 6]DZDQH]L 1LHSU]HMHGQDQL 6KDZQHH
$EVHQWHH ± :VFKRGQL 6]DZDQH]L (DVWHUQ 6KDZQHH ± 6]DZDQH]L
&KHURNHH6KDZQHH± ´

3RZLHONLPQDURG]LH]RVWDáRW\ONRZVSRPQLHQLH

/HRR±.DUNR±2QR±0D

Ä-HVWHPZQXNLHPSLHZDMFHJR.DPLHQLDV\QHP:\VRNLHJR2UáDL%LDáHJR

2EáRNX0RM VLRVWU E\áD6SDGDMFD*ZLD]GD-HVWHP6DW±2NK'áXJLH3LyUR'OD
OXG]L ZRNyá ± 6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF]´

± WDN SU]HGVWDZLá VL 6DW UHSRUWHURZL

Ä0LOLDUGHUD´GXPQ\]HVZRMHJRSRFKRG]HQLD

,QGLDQLHQD]ZDOLNRELHW ]QDOH]LRQ ZV]DáDVLH7D:DK %LDá\2EáRNÄ0LDáD

MDVQHZáRV\WDN MDVQH MDN*DGQD]LQQ\FKNRELHWSOHPLHQLD «X]QDOL*HFK\ED
VSDGáDLP]QLHED´

± ZVSRPLQD6DW

/HRR.DUNR2QR0D F]\OL :\VRNL 2U]Há V\Q ZRG]D E\á SRQRü

]DIDVF\QRZDQ\ MHM SU]HG]LZQ XURG 2SLHNRZDQR VL QL L OHF]RQR GRSyNL QLH
Z\GREU]DáD .LHG\ ZUyFLáD GR ]GURZLD L PRJáD VSRNRMQLH SU]\MU]Hü VL OXG]LRP
PLG]\ NWyU\PL VL ]QDOD]áD XU]HNá M LFK ZLDW ]DVDG\ QLP U]G]FH ZROQRü
:LFJG\:\VRNL2U]Há]DSURSRQRZDáE\]RVWDáD± ]JRG]LáDVL

2GWG XF]\áD VL M]\ND 6]DZDQH]yZ SU]\MPRZDáD LFK RE\F]DMH QRVLáD

VXNQLH]FLHQNLHMVNyU\D* ZUHV]FLH]DPLHV]NDáDZWLSL:\VRNLHJR2UáDVWDMFVL

ZZZV]DZDQH]LSO

VWURQDLQWHUQHWRZDSROVNLFKPLáRQLNyZSOHPLHQLD6KDZQHH

3DZHá6]SHFKW6DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU³QUV

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQ0DU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

MHJR *RQ´

8URG]LáD ZRG]RZL ZRMHQQHPX 6]DXQLVyZ WUyMN G]LHFL 7DQWR ±

)HOD]QH2NR7HKHUDZDNV± 6SDGDMF *ZLD]G L6DW2NKD± 'áXJLH3LyUR)DNW\WH
SRWZLHUG]DM ZV]\VWNLH DUW\NXá\ SUDVRZH GR NWyU\FK GRWDUáDP ] ]DVNDNXMF
]JRGQRFL

=ORNDOL]RZDüZLRVNZNWyUHM6DWVL XURG]LáQLHMHVWáDWZRÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´

]URSLVXMFORV\MHJRPDWNLZVSRPLQDRW\P*HÄ]QDOD]áDVL ZRNROLFDFK
NRáDSRGELHJXQRZHJRQDGU]HN 0DF.HQ]LH´

=NROHLÄ=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´]

USU]\EOL*DMFVZ\PF]\WHOQLNRPSRVWDü6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]DSLV]H*HÄXURG]Lá
VL Z .DQDG]LH QDG -H]LRUHP 1LHG(ZLHG]LP´

%\áE\ WR GRV\ü VSRU\ REV]DU

SRV]XNLZD NWyUH L WDN ]DSHZQH ]DNRF]\áE\ VL ILDVNLHP 6DW Z Ä3R]QDQLDNX´
Z\MDQLD*HMHJRSOHPL PLHV]NDáRÄXNU\W\FKZLRVNDFK´EH]NRQWDNWX]ELDá\PLZ
]JRG]LH ] RGZLHF]Q\PL WUDG\FMDPL 7DN GDOHNR QD SyáQRF\ NOLPDW MHVW EDUG]R
VXURZ\,QGLDQNWyU]\XFLHNOLZWDPWHUHMRQ\]RVWDZLRQRZVSRNRMX7DNLHÄXNU\WH
ZLRVNL´ QLH ]QDOD]á\ VL QLJG\ Z NDQDG\MVNLP UHMHVWU]H 'HSDUWDPHQWX 'R 6SUDZ
,QGLDQÄ1LHUD]ZDOF]\OL]ELDá\PL«1LH]JRG]LOLVL SR]RVWDüZUH]HUZDWDFK
2GHV]OLGDOHNRQDSyáQRFE\*\üQDZROQRFL´

± ZVSRPLQDá6DW

2VDGDNWyU VWZRU]RQR PLG]\ U]HN 0DF.HQ]LHD-H]LRUHP 1LHG(ZLHG]LP

QLHE\áDMX* OLW\ONRZLRVN 6]DZDQH]yZ*UXSDWDQLHE\áDMX* W VDP ]QDG2KLR
3U]\WRF]RQD SU]H]H PQLH NUyWND KLVWRULD 6]DXQLVyZ REUD]XMH Z MDNLP VWRSQLX
F]\QQLNLWMZDONLPLG]\SOHPLHQQHVWRVXQHNEUDWHUVWZD]VVLDGDPLF]\PLJUDFMH
SRZRGXM ]PLDQ VWUXNWXU\ SOHPLHQLD 1DOHFLDáRFL Z PRZLH SU]HMPRZDQH
]Z\F]DMH FHUHPRQLH U\WXDá\ QDODGRZQLFWZR Z V]WXFH± DV\PLODFMD HOHPHQWyZ
REF\FKZNRWOHWUZDMF\FKWU]\ ZLHNLZRMHQE\áDF]\P QDWXUDOQ\P3R]DW\PZ
RVDG]LHWHM ]QDOH(OL VL UyZQLH* XFLHNLQLHU]\ ] LQQ\FK SOHPLRQ± 7DKOWDQ 6HNDQL
.DVND&UHH7OLQJLW:VXPLHRNRáRRVyE8NU\WDZLRVNDZNWyUHMXURG]LáVL
6DWVWDQRZLáDSUDZG]LZ\NRFLRáQDURGRZRFL

7HUHVD:RMWHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV

6DW2NKSROVNLPPDU\QDU]HPÄ.XULHUOXEHOVNL´QUV

6\Q2UáDL2EáRNXÄ=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´'RGDWHN,OXVWURZDQ\QUV

7HUHVD:RMWHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

6]NRáD:LONyZ

$ NLHG\ ZáDFLZLH 6DW VL XURG]Lá" 3HZQRFL QLH PLDá QDZHW RQ VDP &y*

ZLQLüQDOH*DáRE\RNROLF]QRFL± LQGLDVNDZLRVNDZSyáQRFQRNDQDG\MVNLHMSXV]F]\
Z NWyUHM SUDZLH FRG]LHQQLH ZDOF]\ VL R E\W QLH QDOH*\ GR PLHMVF VSU]\MDMF\FK
SDPLWQLNDUVWZX MHOL VL QLH MHVW ]DZ]LW\P DQWURSRORJLHP 6DW±2NK ZLHG]LDá
MHG\QLH*HQDSHZQRE\áDWRZLRVQD1RWDDXWRUVND]Ä%LDáHJR0XVWDQJD´]U
SRGDMH*HÄ6DW2NKZáDFLZLH6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]XURG]LáVL UZ
.DQDG]L

QDWRPLDVWZ\GDQ\WU]\ODWDSy(QLHMÄ*áRVSUHULL´*HZU0LG]\

W\PL GDWDPL RVF\OXMH ZLNV]Rü SXEOLNDFML SUDVRZ\FK 6WRVXQNRZR QLHZLHOH
LQIRUPDFML ]DZLHUDM RQH QD WHPDW G]LHFLVWZD 6DWD MHJR GRUDVWDQLD Z .DQDG]LH
:LNV]RüZVSRPQLH SU]HND]DáRQERZLHPQDNDUW\VZRLFKSRZLHFL

Ä%\á LQGLDVNLP FKáRSFHP ± SLV]H 7HUHVD :RMWHN± ]JRGQLH ]H ]Z\F]DMHP

MHJR SOHPLHQLD QD]\ZDá VL ZyZF]DV 8WL « 6]DZDQH]L QLH RWU]\PXM LPLRQ
]DUD] SR XURG]HQLX 0XV] VRELH QD QLH ]DVáX*\ü Z\ND]Dü VL KDUWHP RGZDJ
ZLHORPD LQQ\PL ]DOHWDPL´

7DN WH* E\áR Z SU]\SDGNX 6DWD -HJR XOXELRQ\ SLHV

QDJOH ]DFKRURZDá :HGáXJ F]DURZQLND OXE MDN FKFH ZLHOX LQQ\FK DXWRUyZ±
V]DPDQD DE\ XUDWRZDü JR RGPLHUFL QDOH*DáR ]GRE\üZLH* NUyOLF] ZWURE
0Dá\ 8WL Z\EUDá VL ZLF QD SRORZDQLH .LHG\ FHOQ\P VWU]DáHP ]DELá NUyOLND
QDGOHFLDáRU]Há]ROEU]\PLPLVNU]\GáDPLLSRUZDááDWZ ]GRE\F]0áRG]LHQLHFQLH
P\OFGáXJRQDSLáFLFLZ LXVWU]HOLáUyZQLH* RUáDÄ'RRER]XSU]\QLRVáHPZLF
GZLH]GRE\F]H2UáDQLRVáHP]DJáRZZWHQVSRVyE*HMHJRVNU]\GáDRSDGá\ZGyá
SLyUDVL UR]áR*\á\WDN*HVDPZ\JOGDáHPMDNSWDN2GWHJRQD]ZDQRPQLH6DW±
2NKF]\OL'áXJLH3LyUR´

']LHFL ]E\W PDáH E\ RGGDü MH SRG RSLHN QDXF]\FLHOL Z\FKRZ\ZDá\ VL Z

ZLRVFH]UyZLHQLNDPLSRGF]XMQ\PRNLHPURG]LFyZLFDá\FKWX]LQyZÄZXMNyZ´L
ÄFLRWHN´:FREDZLá\VL G]LHFLQDG-H]LRUHP1LHG(ZLHG]LP"Ä:,QGLDQERW\ONR
WDNLH*\FLH ]QDá\´± RSRZLDGD6DW± %DZLá\VL ZSRORZDQLDZSRGNUDGDQLHZ

6DW± 2NK%LDá\0XVWDQJ%DQLHL/HJHQG\,QGLDVNLH:DUV]DZD

7HUHVD:RMWHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV

$QWRQL.URVQ\'áXJLH3LyURÄ0Dá\*Rü1LHG]LHOQ\´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ZDONLQRLE\á\RF]\ZLFLHUy*QHJU\QDSU]\NáDGÄQLH*Q\Z*´«:QLHJX
URELáR VL GáXJ U\QQ ']LHFL PLDá\ FR FR SU]\SRPLQDáR G]LG ] MHGQHM VWURQ\
]DNRF]RQHM JDáN .LM QDOH*DáR WDN SXFLü QLH*Q U\QQ *HE\ MDN QDMGDOHM
]DMHFKDá´

2 LOH IRUP\ JLHU L ]DEDZ G]LHFL SUHGHVW\QXMH LFK QLHRJUDQLF]RQD

IDQWD]MD QLH]DOH*QLH RG QDURGRZRFL F]\ SRáR*HQLD JHRJUDILF]QHJR WR MHGQDN
NZHVWLDLFK Z\FKRZDQLDZ\UDVWD]WUDG\FMLL]Z\F]DMyZ RERZL]XMF\FKZGDQHM
JUXSLH Ä,QGLDVNLH G]LHFL QLH ]QDá\ ELFLD ± SU]HNRQXMH 6DW±2NK ± « -HOL
G]LHFNR]DVáX*\áRQDNDU QLHGRVWDZDáRSU]H]GZDWU]\GQLQLFGRMHG]HQLDDQLGR
SLFLD«-HOLF]HJR FKFLDá\«VWDUDá\VL ]ZUyFLüXZDJQLJG\SLHUZV]HQLH
]DGDZDá\S\WDQLD«1LHE\áR*DGQHMG\VNXVML«8F]RQRV]DFXQNX´

.LHG\6DWSRGUyVáSU]\V]áDSRUDQDQDXNÄ«SU]\V]HGáGRPQLHF]DURZQLN

'áXJR PL VL SU]\JOGDá = UDGRFL D* ]DVFKáR PL Z JDUGOH :LHG]LDáHP MX* FR
WHUD] EG]LH =DEUDá PQLH GR 6]NRá\ :LONyZ 7DP FKáRSF\ VWDZDOL VL
ZRMRZQLNDPL´

1LH E\áD WR MHGQDN WDND V]NRáD MDN ]QDOL ELDOL %\áD WR UDF]HM

ÄV]NRáD SU]HWUZDQLD´ Z RER]LH SRáR*RQ\P GDOHNR RG ZLRVNL GR NWyUHJR NRELHW\
QLH PLDá\ ZVWSX &KáRSF\ ]QDMGRZDOL VL SRG RSLHN QDXF]\FLHOD± PHQWRUD RG
NWyUHJR SU]HMPRZDOL HOHPHQWDUQH ]DVDG\ *\FLD Ä7R ZáDQLH WDP SLV]H
:DUV]HZVNL ± Z WHM V]NROH GRZLHG]LDá VL *H GXV]H PDM QLH W\ONR OXG]LH DOH
UyZQLH* ]ZLHU]WD ± %R GODF]HJR PLHOLE\ M PLHü W\ONR OXG]LH" ± S\WD 6DW ±
:V]\VWNR ]H ZV]\VWNLP MHVW SRáF]RQH´

8F]\OL VL KLVWRULL VZHJR SOHPLHQLD

SR]QDZDOLSDQWHRQEyVWZSRSU]H]EDUZQHOHJHQG\DSU]HGHZV]\VWNLPSU]HFKRG]LOL
ZV]\VWNLHVWRSQLHZWDMHPQLF]HQLDZV]WXFHWURSLHQLDSRORZDQLDLZDONLÄ1DMSLHUZ
ZJUXSDFKSRORZDOLQDPQLHMV]H]ZLHU]WDMDNMH*R]ZLHU]H:F]DVLHJáRGXáDSDOL
QDZHW Z*H MDV]F]XUNL L *DE\ ± ZVSRPLQD 6DW ± 3y(QLHM FRUD] PQLHMV]H JUXS\
SRORZDá\ QD FRUD] PQLHMV]H ]ZLHU]WD .LHG\ QD SU]\NáDG XF]RQR WURSLHQLD
G]LHVLFLROHWQLFKáRSLHF]REDF]\ZV]\ODGF]áRZLHNDPXVLDáSRZLHG]LHüNLHG\WHQ
NWR SU]HFKRG]Lá MDN GDZQR WHPX F]\ V]HGá V]\ENR F]\ SRZROL F]\ WR E\á
SU]\MDFLHO F]\ ZUyJ « -HOL VWDUVL RFHQLOL *H NWR QDGDMH VL MX* GR *\FLD Z

,ELGHPV

,ELGHPV

3DZHá6]SHFKW6DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU³QUV

5RPDQ:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SOHPLHQLXQDMSLHUZPXVLDáSU]H]F]WHU\GQLSRFLü1LFQLHMDGáLQLHSLáPRGOLáVL
GR :LHONLHJR 'XFKD *HE\ WHQ GDá PX VLá GR Z\WUZDQLD Z RVWDWQLFK SUyEDFK
:WHG\ VSURZDG]DOL JR GR ZLRVNL JG]LH QD Z]yU ,QGLDQ 6LRX[ PXVLDá RGWDF]\ü
7DQLHF 6áRFD 7HQ NWR JR RGWDF]\á SU]HVWDZDá E\ü FKáRSFHP VWDZDá VL
P*F]\]Q´

3U]\MG]LH MHV]F]H QLH UD] Z*\FLX 6DW±2NKD F]DV E\ VWDZLDü F]RáR WDNLP L

ZLNV]\PSUyERPZNUDMX]XSHáQLHGODQLHJRREF\P

3RZUyW

Ä/XELá VL EDZLü PDWF]\Q\PL ZáRVDPL ± SLV]H 7HUHVD :RMWHN Z VZRLP

DUW\NXOHÄ6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáD´± ']LZLáVL ]DZV]H*HWDNLHMDVQHQLHSRGREQHGR
ZáRVyZ MDNLH PLDá\ LQQH LQGLDVNLH NRELHW\ 3\WDá GODF]HJR" .LHG\ RMFLHF
SRZLHG]LDá PX*H PDWNDSRFKRG]L ]NUDMX]D :LHON :RG LQD]\ZDVL 3ROVND
7DP NRELHW\ PDM LQQ EDUZ FLDáDLLQQ\ NRORUZáRVyZ´

.LHG\ PDWNDSR]QDáD

M]\NSOHPLHQLDVZHJRP*DRSRZLDGDáDV\QRZLQLHUD]RVZRMHMRMF]\(QLHSHáQHM
OHQ\FKSDJyUNyZ]LHORQ\FKáNLIDOXMF\FKODWHPáDQDFK*\WDLSV]HQLF\RNUDMX
JG]LHURVQ EU]R]\ZLHU]E\LWRSROH8WLVáXFKDáW\FKRSRZLHFL]]DSDUW\PWFKHP
1LHSU]\SXV]F]DMF*HWDNV]\ENRSU]\MG]LHPXWRZV]\VWNR]REDF]\üLSR*HJQDü
VL ]ÄXNU\W ZLRVN´6]DZHQ]yZ]URG]LQ]G]LN SU]\URG .DQDG\:U
RGHEUDQRPX*\FLHZZLHFLHNWyU\]QDáUR]XPLDáLNRFKDáÄ7U]HFKOXG]LGZyFK
ELDá\FK L ,QGLDQLQ VáDQLDáR VL QD QRJDFK SR NRODQD Z QLHJX 8FLHNDOL SU]HG
QLHG(ZLHG]LHP± GRQRVLÄ0LOLDUGHU´± 6DW±2NKXUDWRZDáHPLFK1LHZLHG]LDáHP
MHV]F]H F]\P WR VL VNRF]\´

: QLHNWyU\FK SXEOLNDFMDFK SU]\E\V]RP SRPyJá

UyZQLH* EUDW 6DWD ± 7DQWR QS Z Ä5]HF]SRVSROLWHM´ ] U MHGQDN IDNWHP
SRWZLHUG]RQ\P SU]H] ZLNV]Rü SXEOLNDFML MHVW *H ]QDOH(OL VL RQL Z ZLRVFH
:\VRNLHJR2UáD7DPRND]DáRVL*HMHGQ\P]XUDWRZDQ\FKE\á3RODNZF]FL

$QWRQL.URVQ\'áXJLH3LyURÄ0Dá\*Rü1LHG]LHOQ\´QUV

7HUHVD:RMWHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV

3DZHá6]SHFKW6DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU³QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SXEOLNDFML QS Z Ä0LOLDUGHU]H´ E\á WR V\Q EXGRZQLF]HJR SRUWX Z *G\QL NWyU\
SRLQIRUPRZDá QLHZLDGRP 7D±:DFK *H GDZQR SU]H] QL RSXV]F]RQD 3ROVND
RG]\VNDáD QLHSRGOHJáRü :VSRPQLHQLD ZUyFLá\ ZUD] ] WVNQRW ]D NUDMHP
6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF] SRVWDQRZLáD RGZLHG]Lü ]LHPL VZRLFK SU]RGNyZ R NWyU
NLHG\ ZDOF]\áD ] NWyUHM M Z\UZDQR 1LH FKFLDáD MHGQDN ZUDFDü WDP VDPD
=DOH*DáRMHMQDW\P*HE\UyZQLH* MHM G]LHFLSR]QDá\RSXV]F]RQ SU]H]QL 3ROVN
:\VRNL2U]Há]JRG]LáVL W\ONRQDZ\MD]G6DW±2NKD± E\áQDMPáRGV]\LQDMEDUG]LHM
SRGREQ\GRPDWNL=DNLONDPLHVLF\PLHOLZUyFLü
Ä5D]MHV]F]H]DFLáHP VL ZOHZHUDPLDE\ NLOND NURSHONUZL VSá\QáRQDQLHJ
SRNU\ZDMF\]LHPL ZROQ\FK6]DZHQ]yZDE\]DZU]Hü]QL SU]\PLHU]HQDND*G
SRU URNX 1D F]DV PUR]X L QD F]DV XSDáX QD F]DV ZLDWUX SyáQRFQHJR L ZLDWUX
SRáXGQLDQDFDáH*\FLHMDNGáXJRWUZDüEG]LH´

=D:LHON :RG

'RNáDGQD GDWDZ\MD]GX ] .DQDG\ DQL MHJR RNROLF]QRFL QLHV PL ]QDQH :

*DGQ\P]DUW\NXáyZSUDVRZ\FKDQLZGRNXPHQWDFKPLGRVWSQ\FKQLH]QDOD]áDP
QDMPQLHMV]\FK R W\PZ]PLDQNL-HOL FKRG]L R GDW SU]\MD]GX GR 5DGRPLD F]ü
SXEOLNDFMLSRGDMHURNF]üU

&KRü 6DW ZLHORNURWQLH SRGNUHODá Z Z\ZLDGDFK *H WUDNWRZDá W GáXJ

Z\SUDZ GR RMF]\]Q\ PDWNL MDN Z\FLHF]N GR FLHNDZHJR RGOHJáHJR NUDMX R
NWyU\PVá\V]DáZG]LHFLVWZLHEDMNRZHRSRZLHFLWRMHGQDNV]\ENR]UR]XPLDá*H
WRFRPLDáRE\üSU]\JRG MHJR*\FLDRND]DáRVL E\ü]JRáDF]\P LQQ\P
:F\WRZDQ\PMX* ZF]HQLHMRZLDGF]HQLX]áR*RQ\PSU]H]6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF]
X NLHOHFNLHJR QRWDULXV]D Z U F]\WDP\ Ä3R SU]\MH(G]LH GR 3ROVNL *DGQHM
SRPRF\]HVWURQ\URG]LQ\QLHRWU]\PDáDPPXVLDáDPVDPDSUDFRZDüIL]\F]QLHD*
GRFKZLOLRWU]\PDQLDUHQW\´

%\üPR*H]QDOD]áRVL ]LDUQRSUDZG\ZW\PFRSLVDá

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQ0DU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*DQUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

:QXNRZ Z VZRMHM SRZLHFL Ä3RVáXFKDMFLH SLHQL 3LyUD´ R 2NyOVNLFK 0LHOL RQL
X]QDüVZRM NUHZQ ]D]PDUá LSU]\MüQDOH*Q MHMF]ü PDMWNX 1LHZWSOLZLH
FL*NRE\áRPDWFH6DW±2NKDSRJRG]LüVL ]EUDNLHPFLHSáHJRSU]\MFLD]HWNQüVL
] EUXWDOQ U]HF]\ZLVWRFL L ]DF]\QDü *\FLH RG QRZD %\ü PR*H QDZHW E\áR MHM
FL*HMQL* QDNDQDG\MVNLHMSyáQRF\$OHZMHV]F]HJRUV]HMV\WXDFMLE\á6DW1LHPyJá
OLF]\üQD QLNRJR QLF]HJR WX QLH ]QDá QLF]HJR QLH UR]XPLDá SU]HFLH* Ä'RUDVWDá ]
P*F]\]QDPL E\áZ\FKRZ\ZDQ\ QD P\OLZHJR L ZRMRZQLND 1LH PLDá F]DVX QD
GáXJLH UR]PRZ\ ] PDWN DQL QD QDXN SROVNLHJR´

.LHG\ SU]HNUDF]Dá JUDQLFH

SRUR]XPLHZDá VL GZRPD QDU]HF]DPL LQGLDVNLPL SRWUDILá UyZQLH* Z\UHF\WRZDü
Ä2MF]H 1DV]´ L Ä.WR W\ MHVWH´ 1LF SR]D W\P 3RF]WNRZR EUDá OHNFMH M]\ND
SROVNLHJRZLFKUDGRPVNLPPLHV]NDQLX± PDWNDRSáDFDáDQDXF]\FLHON$OHNLHG\
6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]SRGMáDSUDF ZGRPXRSLHNLVSRáHF]QHM± RGGDáDV\QDGR
SU]\NODV]WRUQHM V]NRá\ Ä6LRVWU\ REFLá\ PL ZáRV\ L SRVDG]Lá\ Z áDZFH ]
SLHUZV]RNODVLVWDPL´

± ZVSRPLQD]SU]HMFLHP6DW$MDNZVSRPLQDM WHV]NROQH

SRF]WNL SU]\MDFLHOH 6DW±2NKD ] WDPW\FK ODW" Ä6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF] V\Q/HRR
.DUNR2QR0DL6WDQLVáDZ\6XSáDWRZLF]]GRPX2NyOVNLHMXURG]RQ\NZLHWQLD
URNX± MHVW]HVWURQ\RMFDSRFKRG]HQLDLQGLDVNLHJRLZFKZLOLSU]\MD]GXGR
3ROVNL QRVLá LQGLDVNLH QD]ZLVNR 6DW±2NK « 2NROLF]QRFL SRZ\*V]H ]QDQH V
QDPQDMGRNáDGQLHMSRQLHZD* 6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]D]QDP\RGFKZLOLSU]\MD]GX
GR 3ROVNL ZUD] ] PDWN L RVLHGOHQLHP VL Z PLHFLH 5DGRPLX VWZLHUG]DP\*H
Z\PLHQLRQ\ SU]\MHFKDá Z VWURMX LQGLDVNLP L ]Z\F]DMHP LQGLDVNLP QRVLá
GáXJLHZáRV\ L*H Z FKZLOLSU]\MD]GX E\OLP\ ] QLP RUD] ] MHJR PDWN Z VWDá\P
NRQWDNFLHLXF]\OLP\JRM]\NDSROVNLHJR´

± F]\WDP\ZRZLDGF]HQLX]áR*RQ\P

SU]H] (XJHQLXV]D 3 L 0LHF]\VáDZD = Z 3DVWZRZ\P %LXU]H 1RWDULDOQ\P Z
6RSRFLHZVW\F]QLXU&y*ZáRV\]RVWDá\REFLWHDMHOHQLDVNyUD]DVWSLRQD
NRV]XO : GRGDWNX REF\ OXG]LH Z REF\P PLHMVFX NWyUH Z QLF]\P QLH
SU]\SRPLQDáR]QDQHMPXV]NRá\ZREF\PM]\NXVWDUDOLVL QDZUyFLüJRQDZLDU Z
REFHJRERJDZLDWPDWNLLMHJRZ\PDJDQLDSU]HURVá\NLONXQDVWROHWQLHJRFKáRSFD
Ä7R E\á V]RN SU]H] URN Z RJyOH VL QLH RG]\ZDáHP 0DWND P\ODáD *H

-DNXE0LHOQLN,QGLDVNLEL]QHVZ3ROVFHÄ1HZVZHHN´QUV

,ELGHPV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*DQUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

]DQLHPyZLáHP QD GREUH´

± SU]\]QDMH 6DW Ä0LOF]Dá D* GR FKZLOL JG\ Z GRPX

VVLDGD Z\EXFKá SR*DU Ä3DOL VL ´ WR E\á\ SLHUZV]H SROVNLH VáRZD MDNLH
Z\SRZLHG]LDá´

F]\WDP\ZÄ1HZVZHHNX´]U3RWHPQDXNDM]\NDSRV]áD

MX* JáDGNR,RLOHQLHPDUWZLáRJR]GRE\ZDQLHWHMQRZHMXPLHMWQRFLWRSRZLQQD
JR E\áD ]PDUWZLü XWUDWD WR*VDPRFL 0DWND SR]EDZLáD JR ERZLHP MHJR LPLHQLD
RMF]\]Q\LRMFD
1LH GRWDUáDP GR*DGQ\FK SXEOLNDFML DQL UHODFML NWyUH WUDNWRZDá\E\ R W\P F]\ Z
PRPHQFLH RSXV]F]DQLD .DQDG\ 6DW G\VSRQRZDá NDQDG\MVNLP SDV]SRUWHP DOH
Z\GDMHPLVL E\üQLHPR*OLZHE\XGDáRPXVL SU]HNURF]\üJUDQLFQLHRND]XMF
WDNRZHJR 3RGREQLH Z NZHVWLL PDWNL 7\ONR Z MHGQ\PZ\ZLDG]LH Ä0LOLDUGHU´ ]
U 6DW SU]\]QDMH *H QD SRF]WNX U SRVLDGDOL ] PDWN MHG\QLH
NDQDG\MVNLH OHJLW\PDFMH ,QGLDQ 0LPR WR SR SRZURFLH GR 3ROVNL 6WDQLVáDZD
6XSáDWRZLF] Z\URELáD V\QRZL PHWU\N Z NWyUHM ]DWDUáD ZV]HONLH ODG\ MHJR
SRFKRG]HQLDÄ3U]\Z\UDELDQLXPHWU\NL PRMHJRV\QD± SU]\]QDMHZRZLDGF]HQLX
QRWDULDOQ\P ] U ± REDZLDMF VL QLHSU]\MHPQRFL ]H VWURQ\ ZSá\ZRZHM
URG]LQ\ZSLVDáDP JR QD QD]ZLVNR SLHUZV]HJR VZRMHJR P*D L QDGDáDP PX LPL
6WDQLVáDZ 7DN VDPR ]PLHQLáDP GDW L PLHMVFH MHJR XURG]HQLD DE\ QLH PLDá RG
NROHJyZ SU]\NURFL Z V]NROH´

']LHFNR NDQDG\MVNLFK G]LNLFK ODVyZ V\Q

:\VRNLHJR2UáD]RVWDáQDJOHODWRURO EOL*HMPXQLH]QDQHJR/HRQD6XSáDWRZLF]D
XURG]RQ NZLHWQLD U Z $OHNVLHMHZFH 2 LOH QDGDQLH 6DWRZL QD]ZLVND
SLHUZV]HJRP*DMHVW]XSHáQLH]UR]XPLDáHWR]PLDQDPLHMVFDLGDW\XURG]HQLDQLH
MHVW GOD PQLH ]E\W NODURZQD FR ZLFHM QLH UR]XPLDá WHJR VDP 6WDQLVáDZ
6XSáDWRZLF] : Sy(QLHMV]\P F]DVLH NLHG\ XGDáR PX VL ZUyFLü GR VZRMHJR
LQGLDVNLHJR LPLHQLD NLHG\ QLH PXVLDá MX* SU]HG QLNLP XNU\ZDü VZRMHJR
SRFKRG]HQLDNLHG\VWDáVL G]LNLQLHPXRVRE EXG]F V]HURNLH]DLQWHUHVRZDQLH
VSUDZD RZHM PHWU\NL SRZUyFLáD Z\VWDZLDMF JR SRG RVWU]Dá S\WD L ]DU]XWyZ
:\VXQLWR SU]HFLZ QLHPX SRZD*QH RVNDU*HQLD SRVWDZLRQR ]DVNDNXMFH WH]\ D
ZV]\VWNRSU]H]$OHNVLHMHZN/HRQD6XSáDWRZLF]DLURN

-DNXE0LHOQLN,QGLDVNLEL]QHVZ3ROVFHÄ1HZVZHHN´QUV

,ELGHPV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*DQUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

:RMQD

Ä0RMD PDWND SRZLHG]LDáD *H Z\U]G]LáD PL Z *\FLX QDMZLNV] NU]\ZG

:WHG\ JG\ SU]\ZLR]áD PQLH GR WHJR NUDMX´

± PyZL 6DW Z Z\ZLDG]LH GOD

Ä0LOLDUGHUD´ZU%LRUFSRGXZDJ Sy(QLHMV]HZ\SDGNLWUXGQRVL G]LZLü*H
*DáRZDáD SRGMFLD GHF\]ML R Z\MH(G]LH ] .DQDG\ *G\E\ WDP ]RVWDOL OXE JG\E\
XGDáRLPVL ZUyFLü6DWGRUDVWDáE\ZZLHFLHNWyU\QLHZ\PDJDáRGQLHJRWDNLFK
SRZLFH MDNNDPLHQQHHXURSHMVNLHPLDVWRÄ)\áE\ZUyGVZRLFKEUDFLZNUDLQLH
QLH]OLF]RQ\FK MH]LRU L G]LHZLF]\FK ODVyZ = F]DVHP ]RVWDáE\ ]DSHZQH ZRG]HP
SOHPLHQLD 6]DZDQH]yZ L SU]HZRG]LáE\ PX WDN MDN MHJR RMFLHF :\VRNL 2U]Há´

:RMQD SRNU]\*RZDáD LFK SODQ\ 'R VZRMHM Ä=LHPL 6áRQ\FK 6NDá´ MDN QD]\ZDá
VZRM RMF]\]QQLJG\QLHXGDáRPXVL ZUyFLü/RVZ\]QDF]\áPXLQQ GURJ

6DW±2NK XF]\áVL EDUG]R V]\ENR Ä']LHQQLN %DáW\FNL´ ] U SRGDMH*H

]GRE\áRQQDWDMQ\FKNRPSOHWDFKPDá PDWXU2SUyF]M]\NDXF]\áVL WH* NRFKDü
VZRM QRZ RMF]\]Q 3DWULRW\]P PDWNL GRZLDGF]HQLD UyZQLH* WH EROHVQH MHM
*\FLD ]GDZDá\ VL E\ü SU]H]QDF]RQH WDN*H MHM V\QRZL 3U]\MDFLHOH URG]LQ\
6XSáDWRZLF]yZ SRPRJOL PáRGHPX 6DWRZL ]QDOH(ü SUDF QD SRF]FLH Ä«
SUDFRZDáHP Z RNLHQNX JG]LH Z\GDZDáHP SU]HV\áNL SRVWH UHVDQWH 7DP PQLH
DUHV]WRZDQR´

± ZVSRPLQD 6DW -HJR QLDGD FHUD L RUOL QRV QLH VSRGREDá\ VL

ÄKLWOHURZVNLPREURFRPF]\VWRFLUDV\´:UWUDILáGRUDGRPVNLHJRZL]LHQLD
JHVWDSRWHJRVDPHJRNWyUHQDSRF]WNXZLHNXE\áRMHV]F]HZL]LHQLHPFDUVNLPD
JG]LHSU]HWU]\P\ZDQR/HRQD6XSáDWRZLF]DLSUDZGRSRGREQLHUyZQLH* MHJR*RQ
JG]LHSU]HE\ZDáRVLHPZJÄ3DQRUDPD´]UG]LHVLüZJÄ0LOLDUGHU´U
OXE GZDQDFLH PLHVLF\ Ä5]HF]SRVSROLWD´ U : RSUDFRZDQLX ÄZLDWRZ\
=ZL]HN)RáQLHU]\ $UPLL.UDMRZHM.RáR6]\GáRZLHF%LRJUDILHL:VSRPQLHQLD´
Z RSLVLH VáX*E\ 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D F]\WDP\ Ä3R Z\EXFKX ZRMQ\ SRGMá
QDXN QDWDMQ\FKNRPSOHWDFKRUD]G]LDáDOQRüZRUJDQL]DFMDFK6áX*ED=Z\FLVWZX
3ROVNL L =ZL]HN :DONL =EURMQHM $UHV]WRZDQ\ SU]H] JHVWDSR E\á ZL]LRQ\

3DZHá6]SHFKW6DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU³QUV

7HUHVD:RMWHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*DQUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

WRUWXURZDQ\ L SU]HVáXFKLZDQ\ SU]H] ZLHOH PLHVLF\ Z 5DGRPLX 3R ]DNRF]HQLX
OHG]WZD VND]DQ\ QD SRE\W Z RER]LH NRQFHQWUDF\MQ\P 2ZLFLP ZUD] ] JUXS
ZVSyáZL(QLyZ SRGMá SUyE EUDZXURZHM XFLHF]NL ] WUDQVSRUWX
NROHMRZHJR Z PLHMVFRZRFL 7XQHO´

&]ü SXEOLNDFML SRGDMH *H XGDáR VL

SU]HSURZDG]Lü W EUDZXURZ DNFM G]LNL QLHGRPNQLWHPX RNLHQNX D F]ü *H
G]LNL QLHGRPNQLW\P GU]ZLRP ZDJRQX $OH Z\GDMH PL VL WR E\ü QLH LVWRWQ\P
V]F]HJyáHP ELRUF SRG XZDJ *H ZH ZV]\VWNLP F]\WDP\*H 6DW QLH Z\V]HGá ]
WHJREH]V]ZDQNX-HGQDNXOD]NDUDELQXVWUD*QLNDWUDILáDJRZWZDU]GUXJDZQRJ
2SUDFRZDQLHKLVWRULL.RáD6]\GáRZLHFGRGDMHMHV]F]HNRQWX]M OHZHMUNLFKRü]H
]QDQ\FKPLDQHJGRW6DWQDEDZLáVL MHM]QDF]QLHSy(QLHMÄ]DF]HSLDMF´SHZQHJR
DIU\NDVNLHJRÄNRFLDND´SU]HZR*RQHJRQDSRNáDG]LH%DWRUHJR«Ä/HF]\áVL ±
F]\WDP\ GDOHM Z RSUDFRZDQLX ± Z PHOLQLH NRáR -GU]HMRZD Z SXEOLNDFMDFK
SUDVRZ\FKE\áDWROHQLF]yZND± SU]\SDXWLXNU\ZDáVL GRUSRZVLDFKQD
WHUHQLHSRG.RVNLPL:UZVWSLáGRRGG]LDáXÄ%RF]\´SS$.´

Ä0LDáHP RND]M Z :DUV]DZLH SR]QDü OXG]L ] SDUW\]DQWNL± ZVSRPLQD -DQ

5]DWNRZVNLSU]\MDFLHO L XF]H 6DWD± 5R]PDZLDáHP ] Ä%RF]´ PLDáHP RND]M
]DGDüPXSDU S\WDERFLHNDZLáRPQLHMDNLE\á6DWZSDUW\]DQWFH3RZLHG]LDáPL
*H E\á WR PáRG\ F]áRZLHN NWyU\ PDáR PyZLá &LHQLXWHNR ] QLP E\áR ]
]DRSDWU]HQLHP PLHOL NáRSRW\ 6DW XF]\á LFK VXUYLYDOX %\áR ] QDPL Z :DUV]DZLH
GZyFKWU]HFKSDQyZNWyU]\RSRZLHG]LHOL*HJG\E\QLH6DWQLHZLHG]LHOLE\MDNVL
SRVáXJLZDüQR*HP6DWXF]\áSURVW\FKOXG]LNWyU]\ QDFRG]LH QLHZRMRZDOLMDN
VL QLP SRVáXJLZDü =UHV]W PLDá SVHXGRQLP Ä.R]DN´ FR Z WDPW\FK F]DVDFK
R]QDF]DáR *H E\á ÄQLH GR ]GDUFLD´ E\á F]áRZLHNLHP RG ]DGD VSHFMDOQ\FK
]DFKRZ\ZDáVL SRSURVWXMDNZRMRZQLNÄ%RF]D´PyZLá*H]DZV]HPyJáQDQLP
SROHJDü :LHOX OXG]L QLH Z\WU]\P\ZDáR FLQLHQLD D Ä6DFLFKR´ ]DZV]H VWDZDá QD
Z\VRNRFL ]DGDQLD D SU]\ W\P]DZV]H E\áVSRNRMQ\RSDQRZDQ\E\VWU\]DZV]H
JRWRZ\ SRPyF´

6áRZD WH ]QDMGXM VZRMH SRWZLHUG]HQLH Z SDUW\]DQFNLFK

Z\F]\QDFK6DWDÄ8F]HVWQLF]\áZDNFMDFKQDWUDQVSRUW\QLHPLHFNLHEUDáXG]LDáZ

ZLDWRZ\=ZL]HN)RáQLHU]\$..RáR6]\GáRZLHF%LRJUDILHL:VSRPQLHQLDV± 2SUDFRZDQLH]H

]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

,ELGHPV

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]U± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

RVZREDG]DQLX ZL(QLyZ Z .RVNLHP SU]HG]LHUDá VL ] RNU*HQLD Z *yUNDFK
0LHOHMRZLFNLFK´

± F]\WDP\ZÄZLHFLH0áRG\FK´]U:UZVWSLáGR

RGG]LDáXSS$.3RGREZRGX6]\GáRZLHFL]RVWDá]DSU]\VL*RQ\SU]H]Ä5HQD´±
6 + 3RGNRZLVNLHJR 3RQLHZD* GRZyGF\ Z\VRNR VRELH FHQLOL MHJR VSUDZQRü
IL]\F]Q ]GROQRFL Z\ZLDGRZF]H L GXFKD ZDONL EUDá XG]LDá Z ZLHOX DNFMDFK
ERMRZ\FK ZU]HQLD U Z ELWZLH SRG *DáNDPL ZU]HQLD Z VSDOHQLX L
]QLV]F]HQLX RGG]LDáX QLHPLHFNLHJR Z EXG\QNDFK Z 3U]\VXV]H E\á WR RGZHW ]D
VSDOHQLH SU]H] 66PDQyZ ZVL 6WHIDQyZ OLVWRSDGD Z DNFML SU]HFLZ REáDZLH
QLHPLHFNLHMZUHMRQLH+XFLVNR 5GRFLQ\

Ä6DWQLHPLDáSUREOHPyZ]SU]HWUZDQLHP± PyZL$QLD3DMFKHUWSU]\MDFLyáND

6DWD ± 'OD LQQ\FK E\áR WR PF]FH GOD QLHJR QRUPDOQH : WDNLFK ZDUXQNDFK
PLHV]NDüFDá\URN":OHVLH"0\Z\MH*G*DP\ZOHFLHJG\MHVWFLHSáRLZUDFDP\SR
W\JRGQLX ER ]LPQR L ]PRNOLP\ 2Q WDP E\á EDUG]R GáXJR L XZLHOELDá R W\P
RSRZLDGDü´

5]HF]\ZLFLH 6DW F]VWR SRZWDU]Dá *H Z WDPW\FK ODWDFK E\áR PX

EDUG]R GREU]H 3U]HGH ZV]\VWNLP GODWHJR *H ZáDQLH PyJá PLHV]NDü Z OHVLH
3DUW\]DQWNDGDáDPLV]DQV SRZURWXPLG]\ GU]HZDEOL*HMQDWXU\NWyU UR]XPLDá
/DV\ NLHOHFF]\]Q\ *yU\ ZLWRNU]\VNLH SU]\SRPLQDá\ PX GRP 3R]D W\P MHJR
QLHFRG]LHQQH ]GROQRFL GRVWU]HJDQH SU]H] NROHJyZ GRFHQLDQH SU]H] GRZyGFyZ
SR]ZROLá\PXZUHV]FLHSRF]XüVL NLP ZD*Q\PQLHDQRQLPRZ\P± ZRMRZQLNLHP
NWyU\PSU]HFLH* E\á:F\WRZDQ\PZF]HQLHMRSUDFRZDQLXZLDWRZHJR=ZL]NX
)RáQLHU]\$.GRW\F]F\P.RáD6]\GáRZLHFF]\WDP\Ä3U]HV]HGáSU]HV]NROHQLHZ
6]NROH3RGFKRU*\FKSS$.JG]LHX]\VNDáVWRSLH NDSUDODSRGFKRU*HJR«
:LHORNURWQLHRG]QDF]RQ\

.U]\* :DOHF]Q\FK
.U]\* $UPLL.UDMRZHM± /RQG\QU
2G]QDND )RáQLHU]\ $. ± :RMFLHFK %RU]RERFKDW\ Z ,, Z\GDQLX Ä-RGá\´

WHJR* DXWRUDPR*QD]QDOH(ü]GMFLD6DWD± SRGEURQL]RGG]LDáHPDQDZHW
ZVWURMXLQGLDVNLP6]DZDQH]yZ± SU]\SDXW

0HGDO:RMVND3ROVNLHJR± /RQG\Q

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQPDU\QDU]HP F]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

5HODFMD$QQ\3DMFKHUW]U± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

2G]QDND$NFMLÄ%XU]D´
2G]QDND.RUSXVXÄ-RGáD´´

Ä=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´]UZVSRPLQDUyZQLH* R.U]\*X3DUW\]DQFNLP

'R QDMEDUZQLHMV]\FK DQHJGRW GRW\F]F\FK SDUW\]DQWNL MDNLH Vá\V]DáDP RG

SU]\MDFLyá6DWDQDOH*\KLVWRULDMHJR]QDMRPRFL]:LHVáDZHP*RáDVHP
6DW VáX*\á Z RGG]LDOH ZUD] ] RMFHP SDQD *RáDVD D ÄPDá\ :LHVLX´ PLDá E\ü
NXULHUHP GRVWDUF]DMF\P PHOGXQNL PLG]\ SRV]F]HJyOQ\PL JUXSDPL 3HZQHJR
UD]X SRGF]DV WUZDQLD RVWUHM RIHQV\Z\ QLHPLHFNLHMZ SREOL*H EURQLFHM VL JUXS\
SDUW\]DQWyZXGHU]DERPED0áRG\ NXULHU]RVWDMHSU]\V\SDQ\SLDFKHP:IHUZRU]H
ZDONLQLNWQLHSRVSLHV]\áPX]SRPRFMHG\QLH6DW2GNRSDáFKáRSFDL]DQLyVáJR
QD SOHFDFK Z EH]SLHF]QH PLHMVFH 3y(QLHM SU]H] ZLHOH ODW ÄZ\EDZLRQ\´ :LHVáDZ
*RáDVLÄZ\EDZFD´6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]VSRW\NDOLVL MX* ZQLHSRGOHJáHM3ROVFH
E\ ZVSRPLQDü VWDUH F]DV\ L RSRZLDGDü VRELH MHV]F]H ZLHOH EDUZQ\FK DQHJGRW ]
WDPW\FKGQL

1DOG]LHLPRU]X

1LHFKFLDáRSXV]F]DüODVXSS$.]RVWDáUR]IRUPRZDQ\SRGNRQLHFU

MHJR *RáQLHU]H PLHOL NU\ü VL Z PHOLQDFK 2GG]LDá 6DWD SR]RVWDá MHGQDN Z OHVLH
F]HNDMFQDUR]ND]\'RSLHURNLHG\ VNRF]\áDVL ZRMQD]*DOHPZ\V]HGá]ODVX
Ä3RZRMQLHVLHG]LDá]D$. SLV]H:DUV]HZVNLZÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWHM´± ]DWR*HVL
QLH XMDZQLá 3U]HG JRUV]\PL VDQNFMDPL XFKURQLáD JR VáX*ED Z 0DU\QDUFH
:RMHQQHM´

)DNW SRMDZLHQLD VL PRU]D Z ELRJUDILL 6DWD MHVW SRWZLHUG]DQ\ SU]H]

ZV]\VWNLHSXEOLNDFMHMHGQDN*HEUDN]JRGQRFLZV]F]HJyáDFKÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´]
U GRQRVL L* Ä=DUD] SR ]DNRF]HQLX ZRMQ\ ]JáRVLá VL GR ZRMVND JG]LH

ZLDWRZ\=ZL]HN)RáQLHU]\$..RáR6]\GáRZLHF%LRJUDILHL:VSRPQLHQLDV± RSUDFRZDQLH]H

]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5RPDQ:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

UR]SRF]á VL QRZ\ HWDS MHJR*\FLD 6áX*ED QD PRU]X´

Ä1RZ\ HWDS MHJR*\FLD´

FKRFLD*E\ZÄ3DQRUDPLH´]UF]\SXEOLNDFMDFK]ODWW\FKQLHE\áZ\EUDQ\
SU]H]QLHJRVDPRG]LHOQLH± ]RVWDáZFLHORQ\GR,%DWDOLRQX0RUVNLHJR1LHZLHOHMHVW
LQIRUPDFML QD WHPDW WHJR RNUHVX *\FLD 6DWD : ÄZLHFLH 0áRG\FK´ ] U
PR*HP\ SU]HF]\WDü R W\P *H RF]\V]F]Dá ] PLQ SROVNLH PRU]H Z Ä.XULHU]H
/XEHOVNLP´]U*HSá\ZDáQDáRG]LSRGZRGQHMSRGREQLHZ Ä3DQRUDPLH´]
ULÄ:LHF]RU]H:\EU]H*D´] U,W\ONRMHGQDJD]HWD± Ä5]HF]SRVSROLWD´
] U SRGDMH MDNRE\ 6DW PLDá UyZQLH* SUDFRZDü MDNR ZRORQWDULXV] Z
5DWRZQLFWZLH0RUVNLP

1LH SRVLDGDP *DGQ\FK V]F]HJyáRZ\FK LQIRUPDFML QD WHPDW Z\NV]WDáFHQLD

NWyUH ]GRE\á 6DW SR ZRMQLH : SXEOLNDFMDFK SUDVRZ\FK SRGDMH VL MHG\QLH IDNW
]GRE\FLD SU]H] QLHJR Z\NV]WDáFHQLD WHFKQLF]QHJR : GZyFK DUW\NXáDFK ± Z
Ä5]HF]SRVSROLWHM´]ULÄ0LOLDUGHU]H´]UPR*HP\SU]HF]\WDüUyZQLH* R
MHJR SRF]WNRZR QLHXGDQ\FK SUyEDFK GRVWDQLD VL QD XF]HOQLH Z\*V]H D Z
NRFX ± XNRF]HQLX $NDGHPLL :\FKRZDQLD )L]\F]QHJR QLH SRGDQR MHGQDN Z
NWyU\P]PLDVWDNDGHPLFNLFKLZNWyU\PURNX

6DW2NK¶RZL]DOH*DáRQDSRZURFLHGRRMF]\]Q\DOHRGPDZLDQR PXZ\GDQLD

SDV]SRUWX3RV]XNDáZLFLQQHMGURJLE\GRVWDüVL GRZ\WVNQLRQHM=LHPL 6áRQ\FK
6NDá2WU]\PDáSUDF MDNRPHFKDQLNZ 3ROVNLFK/LQLDFK2FHDQLF]Q\FK GRNáDGQD
GDWD SRGMFLD SUDF\ QLH MHVW PL MHGQDN ]QDQD : Ä.XULHU]H /XEHOVNLP´ PR*HP\
SU]HF]\WDü*H6DWÄZLHF]QLHJáRGQ\SU]\JyGLPRFQ\FKZUD*H ]DFLJQáVL «
GR PDU\QDUNL KDQGORZHM´

3UDZGD MHVW MHGQDN WDND*H WR QLH QLHVSRNRMQD GXV]D

6DW2NK¶DSFKQáDJR]QyZQDPRU]H)ORWDKDQGORZDE\áDGODQLHJRMHG\Q V]DQV
QD XMU]HQLH GDZQR QLH ZLG]LDQHM URG]LQ\ L ÄXNU\WHM ZLRVNL´ 6]DZDQH]yZZLDWD
MHJR G]LHFLVWZD 3á\ZDá PLQ QD Ä%ROHVáDZLH &KUREU\P´ Sy(QLHM UyZQLH* QD
Ä%DWRU\P´ 2EVáXJLZDá OLQLH GDOHNRZVFKRGQLH L OHZDQW\VNLH RGZLHG]Lá PLQ
$PHU\N 3RáXGQLRZ,QGLH-DSRQL LZNRFX.DQDG

3á\ZDá ZLHOH ODW D* GR HPHU\WXU\ $OH ]DSHZQH QLH E\áE\ VSHFMDOQLH

]DGRZRORQ\ JG\E\ QD]ZDQR E\ ÄZLONLHP PRUVNLP´ 6DW ERZLHP ]D PRU]HP

6DW2NKSROVNLPPDU\QDU]HPÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´QUV

-DQXV]-XUNRZVNL6DW2NK± V\QZRG]DLQGLDVNLHJRÄ.XULHUOXEHOVNL´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

VSHFMDOQLH QLH SU]HSDGDá Ä1LH Z\EUDá PRU]D GODWHJR*H FKFLDá DOH GODWHJR *H
PXVLDá± WáXPDF]\-DQ5]DWNRZVNL± 0XVLDáXFLHNDüD*HPLDá]QDMRPRFLXFLHNá
QD PRU]H :LHORNURWQLH NRMDU]\á PRU]H ]H VWUDFKHP RGL]RORZDQLHP EUDNLHP
SU]\V]áRFL:LDGRPRZRMHQNDSU]HJUDQDRQQLHSRWHMVWURQLHFRWU]HED'ODWHJR
Sá\ZDá VRELH VSRUR F]DVX Z\VWUDV]RQ\ 6WG WD QLHQDZLü 3RWHP RGZLO* DOH
XSU]HG]HQLH ]RVWDáR WUXGQR E\áR WR ]PLHQLü 3UDZLH F]WHUG]LHFL ODW Sá\ZDá QD
PRU]XLPLHV]NDáEOLVNRPRU]DLWDNMH]QLHOXELá*HQDOG]LHMHOLQLHPXVLDáMHFKDü
EOLVNRPRU]DWRQLHMHFKDá$OHOXELáZVSRPLQDüPDU\QDUVNLHF]DV\JG\UD]QDVWR
ODWXGDáRQDPVL JRQDPyZLüQDNLHOLFKD´

± GRGDMH-DQ$E\áRFRZVSRPLQDü

-HJR PLHV]NDQLH Z JGDVNLP :U]HV]F]X SU]\SRPLQDáR FR QD NV]WDáW
PLNURPX]HXP WXU\VW\NL D EDJD*HP ZVSRPQLH L SU]\JyG QLH SRJDUG]LáE\ ]
SHZQRFL VDP 7RQ\ +DOLN 2SUyF] $PHU\NL 3yáQRFQHM RF]\ZLFLH XNRFKDá 6DW
-DSRQL 8GDáR PX VL E\ü WDP NLONDNURWQLH ]DIDVF\QRZDá VL WDPWHMV] NXOWXU
PLDá RJURPQ\ V]DFXQHN GOD RE\F]DMyZ 8ZLHOELDá NOLPDW -DSRQLL MHM NXFKQL L
NRELHW\

6HQW\PHQWGR.UDMX.ZLWQFHM:LQLQLHPR*HE\üMHGQDNSRUyZQ\ZDOQ\GR

XF]XFLDMDNLP6DW2NKGDU]\áVZRM URG]LQQ .DQDG3RODWDFKUR]áNLXMU]Dá
RMF]\]Q ]SRNáDGXÄ%DWRUHJR´1LHE\áWRMHGQDNSRZUyWRNWyU\P6DWPDU]\áQD
NWyU\ F]HNDá0RQWUHDOQLF]\PQLHSU]\SRPLQDáMHJRGRPX=LHPLD6áRQ\FK6NDá
FKRüWDNEDUG]R]EOL*\áVL GRQLHMZFL* SR]RVWDZDáDSR]DMHJR]DVLJLHP
7DN MDN Z 3ROVFH MHJR RVRED Z]EXG]LáD ]DLQWHUHVRZDQLH SUDV\ MDN UyZQLH*
PLHMVFRZ\FK ZáDG] 1DJáDQLDQR KLVWRUL NDQDG\MVNLHJR ,QGLDQLQD NWyU\ ]RVWDá
SROVNLP PDU\QDU]HP« 0R*H ZáDQLHG]LNL WHPXSR SRQDG üZLHUüZLHF]X XGDáR
PXVL VSRWNDü]VLRVWU ± 7HKHUDZDNV(JHO6SDGDMF *ZLD]GÄ3U]\V]áDVLRVWUD
]HV]ZDJUHPQDSRNáDGÄ%DWRUHJR´«± ZVSRPLQD6DW± 0LHV]NDOLZyZF]DVZ
UH]HUZDFLH &DXJKQDZDJD± *U]PLFH :RG\ SRG 0RQWUHDOHP 6LRVWUD Z\V]áD ]D
P*]DZRG]D]SOHPLHQLD0RKDZNyZ´

6DW2NK]F]FL ]DáRJLUHZL]\WRZDáLFK

Sy(QLHMZUH]HUZDFLH

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQU± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQ0DU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

1LH GDQH PX E\áR MHGQDN RGQDOH(ü RMFD : W\P F]DVLH :\VRNL 2U]Há E\á MX* Z
SRGHV]á\PZLHNXLQLHPyJáE\SU]\MHFKDüGRV\QDD'áXJLH3LyURQLHG\VSRQRZDá
ZLHONLPL PR*OLZRFLDPL SRV]XNLZD Ä'R RMFD QLJG\ QLH PRJáHP GRWU]Hü
0XVLDáE\P V]XNDü JR PLJáRZFHP SR QLH*Q\FK SRODFK 6]DZDQH]L V
QLHSU]HPDNDOQL QD NXOWXU ELDáHJR F]áRZLHND 'R G]LVLDM QLH PLHV]NDM Z
UH]HUZDWDFK´

/RV MX* QLJG\ QLH SRáF]\á RMFD L V\QD FKRü Ä5]HF]SRVSROLWD´ ]

UFKFLDáDE\LQDF]HM «/HRR.DUNR2QR0D]PDUáZUPDMFODW
7RQLHE\áMHGQDNNRQLHFUR]F]DURZD3U]H]GHNDG\SU]HUy*QHSXEOLNDFMHXNáDGDá\
SU]HG]LZQH Z\NOXF]DMFH VL Z]DMHPQLH VFHQDULXV]H *\FLD GOD VWDUV]HJR EUDWD
6DWD± 7DQWR)HOD]QHJR2ND:MHGQHM]ZHUVMLSRGF]DVSRE\WXZ.DQDG]LH6DW
2NKPLDáVL GRZLHG]LHüRQLHVSHFMDOQLHGREUHMRSLQLLNWyU FLHV]\áVL XEUDWDR
*DOX NWyU\ 7DQWR PLDá GR QLHJR SR Z\MH(G]LH Ä0yM EUDW QLH FKFH PQLH ZLG]LHü
0yZL*HMHVWHPMDNMDEáNR± ]ZLHUFKXF]HUZRQ\DZURGNXELDá\± ZVSRPLQD
6DW Z Z\ZLDG]LH GOD Ä0LOLDUGHUD´ ± 1LJG\ QLH SRJRG]Lá VL ] W\P *H RG QLFK
RGV]HGáHP´

-HOLSU]\Mü*HEUDFLDE\OL]HVRE EDUG]R]ZL]DQLZG]LHFLVWZLH

WRZ\MD]G6DWDPQLHMOXEEDUG]LHMZ\PXV]RQ\SU]H]PDWNLEUDNZLHFLRGQLHJR
SU]H] ODW PyJá U]HF]\ZLFLH Z]EXG]Lü MHG\QLH UR]JRU\F]HQLH L*DO F]\ QDZHW
SRF]XFLH ]GUDG\$QL 7DQWR DQL SR]RVWDOL F]áRQNRZLH URG]LQ\ QLH PRJOL SU]HFLH*
ZLHG]LHü R ORVDFK 6DWD L PDWNL QD 6WDU\P .RQW\QHQFLH QLF ]DWHP QLH
XVSUDZLHGOLZLDáR MHJR ÄXFLHF]NL´ GR ELDá\FK .RQIOLNW PLG]\ EUDüPL MHVW PQLHM
GUDPDW\F]Q ZHUVM Z\SDGNyZ 'UXJL VFHQDULXV] ]GHF\GRZDQLH F]FLHM
SRZLHODQ\MHVWSRF]WNLHPWUDJLF]Q\FKZ\GDU]H ZURG]LQLH6DWD2Wy*]JRGQLH]
W ZHUVM7DQWRPLDá]JLQüMX* ZUÄZSRW\F]FH] NDQDG\MVN SROLFM NRQQ
NWyUD XVLáRZDáD ]PXVLü ,QGLDQ GR RVLHGOHQLD VL Z UH]HUZDFLH´

± F]\WDP\ Z

SRVáRZLXGR Ä7DMHPQLF]\FKODGyZ´ : ZLNV]RFL SXEOLNDFML 7DQWR SDGD RILDU
UDVLVWyZ 6DW PLDá VL GRZLHG]LHü R W\PGRSLHUR Z ODWDFK W\FKPLHUü 7DQWR
MHOL MHVW IDNWHP E\áD W\ONR SURORJLHP ÄFLH*NL NUZL´ GOD QDMEOL*V]\FK 'áXJLHJR
3LyUD:U'RQ(DJOHV]ZDJLHU6DWDZyG]0RKDZNyZ]&DXTKQDZDQDZ\
]RVWDá ]DPRUGRZDQ\ SU]H] QLH]QDQ\FK VSUDZFyZ OLSFD U MHJR*RQD

3DZHá6]SHFKW6DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU³QUV

,ELGHPV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL3RGHMU]HQLHEODGDWZDU]:LHF]yU:\EU]H*DQUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

6SDGDMFD *ZLD]GD ZUDFDMF ]H VSRWNDQLD ] 6DWHP Z 0RQWUHDOX ]RVWDáD
]DVWU]HORQDLVSDORQDZVZRLPVDPRFKRG]LH2ERMHEUDOLDNW\ZQ\XG]LDáZZDOFHR
SUDZD,QGLDQÄ:RVWDWQLFKODWDFK,QGLDQLH]DPNQLFLZUH]HUZDWDFKGRPDJDM VL
FRUD]F]FLHMUyZQRXSUDZQLHQLD± F]\WDP\ZSUDVLHSRPRUVNLHM]U± *GDM
SUDZD ZVWSX GR ZV]\VWNLFK ORNDOL SRV]HU]HQLD WHUHQyZ áRZLHFNLFK SUDZD GR
QDXNLSUDZD GR QLHVNUSRZDQHJR NRQWDNWRZDQLDVL ]H V]F]HSDPL LQGLDVNLPL Z
SR]RVWDá\FKSURZLQFMDFK.DQDG\LWS7HVáXV]QH*GDQLDQLHV ZVPDN HOHPHQWRP
UDVLVWRZVNLP &]VWH V SU]\SDGNL PRUGRZDQLD ,QGLDQ GOD Z\ZRáDQLD VWUDFKX L
SRNRU\SU]HGELDá\PZáDGF´

'OHVL G]LDáRZ.DQDG]LHZLDWG]LHFLVWZD6DWD

ZLDWZROQ\FK,QGLDQ]DJLQáJG]LHXPDUá7RFR]RVWDZLá]DVRE PDá\FKáRSLHF
GRURVáHPXP*F]\(QLHSU]\V]áRRSáDNLZDü1LHE\áR=LHPL6áRQ\FK6NDáQLHE\áR
GXPQ\FKEUDFL6DW2NKZUyFLáQDSRJRU]HOLVNRSU]HV]áRFLÄ%RODáRPQLHVHUFHQD
ZLGRN PRLFK URGDNyZ *\MF\FK Z SRG]LHPLX ± ZVSRPLQD ] UR]*DOHQLHP ±
'UHZQLDQH GRPNL VWRLVND ] SDPLWNDPL GOD WXU\VWyZ SU]\E\ZDMF\FK Z
SRV]XNLZDQLX DWUDNFML R*\ZLRQHJR ']LNLHJR =DFKRGX 3RWRPNRZLH G]LHOQ\FK L
GXPQ\FK ,URNH]yZ 0RKDZNyZ ZNáDGDMF\ VZRMH VWURMH L SR]XMF\ ]D NLOND
FHQWyZ«´

/DWD WH L SRF]WHN W\FK WR F]DV QDURG]LQ UXFKX SUDZ RE\ZDWHOVNLFK
PQLHMV]RFL QDURGRZ\FK L HWQLF]Q\FK Z $PHU\FH 3yáQRFQHM WR SRF]WHN
JZDáWRZQ\FK VWDUü ] OXG]NLPL XSU]HG]HQLDPL WR RNUHV QLHUyZQHM ZDONL ]
QLHZLG]LDOQ\P ZURJLHP 2ILDUDPL WHM ZDONL E\OL PLQ 'RQ (DJOH L 6SDGDMFD
*ZLD]GDDR PDá\ ZáRVUyZQLH* 6DWÄ3RGF]DVRVWDWQLHJRSRVWRMX QDV]HJRVWDWNX
SDVD*HUVNLHJR Z 0RQWUHDOX± GRQRVL MHGQD ] JD]HW SRPRUVNLFK ] U± GZDM
QLH]QDQLRVREQLF\QDSDGOLQDPRWRU]\VW PVÄ%DWRUHJR´6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]D
]DGDMF PX FLRV Z JáRZ =DPDFKX GRNRQDQR Z ELDá\ G]LH Z VDP\P FHQWUXP
0RQWUHDOX SU]\ XO 6DLQW &DWKDULQ UyJ XO%ROXU\ « 6SUDZFyZ GZyFK
PRUGHUVWZFKRG]LR]DPDFK\QD'RQ(DJO¶DL6SDGDMF *ZLD]G ± SU]\SDXWL
QDSDGXQDQDV]HJRPDU\QDU]DSROLFMDNDQDG\MVNDGRWHMSRU\QLHXVWDOLáD-DNMHGQDN
Z\QLND ]H VáyZ RILFHUD OHGF]HJR SROLFML NDQDG\MVNLHM U\VRSLV\ SRGDQH SU]H]

=DPDFKQDPDU\QDU]D]Ä%DWRUHJR³DUW\Nyá]H]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD± ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

7HUHVD:RWMHN 6\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

,QGLDQ ± ZLDGNyZ SRSU]HGQLFK PRUGHUVWZ ± L SU]H] 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D
FDáNRZLFLHVL SRNU\ZDM´

1LHNWyUHSXEOLNDFMHXWU]\PXM*H]DPDFKQD6DWDPLDá

PLHMVFH Z W\P VDP\P GQLX FR ]DPDFK QD MHJR VLRVWU 'áXJLH 3LyUR PLDá VL
GRZLHG]LHüRWUDJLF]QHMPLHUFLVLRVWU\WX* SRW\PMDNFXGHPXQLNQáPLHUFLJG\
ZUyFLáQDVWDWHNNRQVXO3ROVNLZ.DQDG]LHSU]HND]DáPXW ZLDGRPRü:LQQ\FK
SXEOLNDFMDFK QS Ä3DQRUDPD´ U F]\WDP\ L* ]DPDFK E\á EH]SRUHGQLR
]ZL]DQ\]MHJRXG]LDáHPZV]RNXMFHMZ\VWDZLHSWÄ.U]\ZGDZ\U]G]RQDSU]H]
ELDáHJRF]áRZLHND´ZSDZLORQLH,QGLDQ.DQDG\MVNLFKQD(;32¶

+LVWRULD SOHPLHQLD 6KDZQHH SU]HND]\ZDQD ] SRNROHQLD QD SRNROHQLH

XSRNDU]DMFHZDUXQNL*\FLDLFKEUDFLNWyU\FKZLDGNLHPE\á6DWDZNRFXNUHZ
URG]LQ\ RGELá\ VL EROHVQ\P SLWQHP QD MHJR *\FLX WZyUF]RFL G]LDáDOQRFL Z
UDPDFK 3ROVNLHJR 5XFKX 3U]\MDFLyá ,QGLDQ *G]LHNROZLHN E\á FRNROZLHN URELá
ZVSRPLQDáRILDU\QLH]DNRF]RQHMSRG]L G]LH EDWDOLLRMXWUR1DSU]\NáDGZ
ZÄ3áRP\NX´RSXEOLNRZDáWHNVWSWÄ,QGLDQLHZF]RUDMLG]L´NWyUHJRWU]HFL F]ü
Ä 2 SUDZR GR ]LHPL L OHSV]HJR*\FLD´ FKFLDáDE\PZ W\P PLHMVFX SU]HGVWDZLü Z
FDáRFLÄ&]VWRSU]HE\ZDPZUyG,QGLDQ0LF0DF +XURQyZL0RKDZN:LGXM
VL WDN*H],QGLDQDPL&UHH0RQWDJDQQL$OJRQNLQDPL0LHV]NDM RQLSU]HZD*QLHZ
UH]HUZDWDFK ÄSRG RSLHN´ 5]GX )HGHUDOQHJR L GR G]L F]XM QLHFKü GR ELDá\FK
3UDJQ ]DFKRZDü VZRM RGUEQRü VZH WUDG\FMH L RE\F]DMH D WDN*H ]LHPLH QD
NWyUHMPLHV]NDM1LHVWHW\WHUHQ\UH]HUZDWyZV VWDOHXV]F]XSODQHSRGUR]EXGRZ
]DNáDGyZ SU]HP\VáRZ\FK OLQLL NROHMRZ\FK DXWRVWUDG :UyG ,QGLDQ LVWQLHMH
EH]URERFLH D FL NWyU]\ SUDFXM ]DUDELDM SU]HZD*QLH GZD UD]\ PQLHM RG
SU]HFLWQHJR0XU]\QD &]HUZRQRVNyU]\*\M RODWNUyFHMQL* ELDOLSRWRPNRZLH
QDMH(G(FyZWUDSL LFKFKRURE\ZUH]HUZDWDFKSDQXMHDQDOIDEHW\]P7RZV]\VWNR
Z\ZRáXMH UR]JRU\F]HQLH L EXQW FR ]QDOD]áR Z\UD] Z RVWDWQLFK Z\SDGNDFK Z
:RXQGHG.QHHZLDGF] RQH*H,QGLDQLHQLHGDM ]DZ\JUDQ LZGDOV]\PFLJX
VWDUDM VL ]QDOH(üGODVLHELHPLHMVFHSRGVáRFHPZNUDMXNWyUHJRSUDPLHV]NDF\
XWUDFLOL VZH SUDZD RG F]DVX JG\ QD =DFKyG UXV]\á\ NDUDZDQ\ ZR]yZ ELDá\FK
QDMH(G(FyZ

=DPDFKQDPDU\QDU]D]Ä%DWRUHJR´DUW\NXá]H]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

']LDáDF]H LQGLDVF\ GRPDJDM VL ZLNV]\FK VZREyG Z GHF\GRZDQLX R

VZRLFKVSUDZDFK*GDM ]DFKRZDQLDSUDZDGRZáDVQHM]LHPLLWHUHQyZáRZLHFNLFK
3UDJQ ]ZLNV]HQLD IXQGXV]\ QD QRZH V]NRá\ QD EXGRZ GUyJ L GRPyZ Z
UH]HUZDWDFKQDSRPRFOHNDUVN

'RPDJDM VL SRV]DQRZDQLDM]\NDNXOWXU\LZLHU]H LQGLDVNLFK´

7HNVW EDUG]R JRU]NL SUDZG]LZ\ :VSRPQLHQLD L SU]HP\OHQLD WHJR W\SX PR*QD
E\áRF]DVDPLXVá\V]HüRG6DWD%\á]ERODá\SRVWUDFLHEOLVNLFKUR]JRU\F]RQ\ORVHP
ÄVZRLFK´ OXG]L 1LG\ QLH ]DSRPQLDá W\FK NU]\ZG FR ]UHV]W MHVW QDM]XSHáQLHM
]UR]XPLDáH

-HGQDNZFDáHMOLFLHSU]\PLRWyZNWyU\PLPR*QDE\RNUHOLüRVRERZRü6DWD

ÄUR]JRU\F]RQ\´SDVXMHQDMPQLHM0LPRQLHV]F]üNWyU\FKZ*\FLXVSRWNDáRJRQLH
PDáR E\á SRJRGQ\P FLHSá\P F]áRZLHNLHP , Z SU]HZD*DMFHM ZLNV]RFL
ZVSRPQLHQLD ]]D RFHDQX WR REUD]NL ]JRáD LQQH QL* WH SU]HGVWDZLRQH SRZ\*HM =
SU]HMFLHP RSRZLDGDá R VZRLFK SRGUy*DFK Z WDPWH VWURQ\ R QRZ\FK
]QDMRPRFLDFK ] ,QGLDQDPL ] Uy*Q\FK SOHPLRQ R W\P MDNLH ]D ND*G\P UD]HP
SU]\MDFLHOHJRWRZDOLPXSU]\MFLH%\áG]LNLWHPXZSLHUZV]\FKODWDFKLVWQLHQLD
5XFKX ÄNRSDOQL ZLHG]\´ GOD VZRLFK XF]QLyZ SUDZG]LZ LQIRUPDF\MQ Ä*\á
]áRWD´']LHOLáVL ]QLPLZV]\VWNLP± SRF]ZV]\RGZVSRPQLH LGRZLDGF]HQD
SRGDUXQNDFK NRF]F 2SRZLDGDá R FHUHPRQLDFK Z NWyU\FK GDQH PX E\áR
XF]HVWQLF]\ü R ]Z\F]DMDFK NWyUH SU]HWUZDá\ ZLHNL R OXG]LDFK NWyU\FK SR]QDá
:\MDZLDáWDMQLNLSOHPLHQQHJRDUWXSU]\ZR]LáLUR]GDZDáVZ\PXF]QLRPEH]FHQQH
NVL*NL SUDV LQGLDVN UNRG]LHáR , RF]\ZLFLH ZV]G]LH JG]LH W\ONR PyJá D
PyJáZV]G]LHZSODWDáZWHZVSRPQLHQLDNRORURZHDQHJGRW\Ä:LG]LDáHPVL WH*
Z U SR UD] SLHUZV]\ ] SU]\MDFLHOHP VZRMHJR G]LHFLVWZD 6NDF]F 6RZ ±
MHVW ZRG]HP V]F]HSX NRáR )RUWX $OEHUWD =DZV]H ZLWDM PQLH WDP VHUGHF]QLH
8F]HVWQLF] ZLFKXURF]\VWRFLDFK RSRZLDGD6DWÄZLDWX0áRG\FK´ ± 2VWDWQLR
QDZHW]DSURVLOLL*RQFKRüE\áDXEUDQDSRHXURSHMVNX:SHZQHU\WXDOQHZLWD
0RKDZNyZ NWyU]\ ]DFKRZDOL VZRM UHOLJL MHVW WR QLHGR]ZRORQH 0RMD *RQD

6DW2NK,QGLDQLHZF]RUDMLG]LÄ3áRP\N´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

MHGQDN WDF]\áD LQGLDVNLH WDFH Z V]SLONDFK SU]H] F]WHU\ JRG]LQ\0\ODáHP*H
PQLHZyZF]DVRVNDOSXMH«´

2E\ZDWHO,QGLDQLQ

$SURSRV*RQ7DF]üSU\ZDWQHJR*\FLD6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]DMHVWUyZQLH

QLHSU]HFLWQDELRUFSRGXZDJ IDNW*HPLDáLFKWU]\

3LHUZV]H PDá*HVWZR QLH QDOH*DáR GR XGDQ\FK 1LH ]QDP SHUVRQDOLyZ

Z\EUDQNLDOHZLDGRPR*HE\áDF]WHU\ODWDVWDUV]DRG6DWDMHOLSU]\Mü*HXURG]Lá
VL Z U D OXE RGE\á VL OXWHJR U = WHJR PDá*HVWZD 6DW PLDá
G]LHFL± V\QD .U]\V]WRID L FyUN %DUEDU 1LHZLHOH MHVW LQIRUPDFML QD WHPDW WHJR
]ZL]NXLMHJRUR]SDGX 6DWQLJG\RW\PQLHPyZLá'RSLHURZUMHJRG]LHFL
]JRG]Lá\ VL QD Z\ZLDG GOD Ä:LHF]RUX :\EU]H*D´ Ä2MFD SUDZLH QLH ]QDP ±
RSRZLDGDSDQL%DUEDUD± 0LDáDPGZDPLHVLFHJG\RGQDVRGV]HGá.U]\VLHNE\á
W\ONR WURFK VWDUV]\ 3R SURVWX Z\V]HGá ] GRPX L ZLFHM QLH SRZUyFLá 3R]QDá
UR]ZLHG]LRQ SDQL ]FyUN0LHV]NDáDQDSU]HFLZNR´

3DQL ] QDSU]HFLZND E\áD SDQL :DQGD ± NRELHWD QDMEDUG]LHM ]QDQD SROVNLP
LQGLDQLVWRP ] NWyU SU]\V]áR VSG]Lü 6DWRZL ZLHOH ODW 7RZDU]\V]\áD PX Z MHJR
SRGUy*DFK SRPDJDáD Z Z\GDZDQLX NROHMQ\FK NVL*HN -HGQDN QLHZLHOH GREUHJR
PDM RQLHMGRSRZLHG]HQLDG]LHFL6DWD]SLHUZV]HJRPDá*HVWZDV]F]HJyOQLHSDQ
.U]\V]WRI 6XSáDWRZLF] NWyUHJR SR UR]ZRG]LH URG]LFyZ VG SU]\]QDá 6DWRZL
Ä7URFK SRFKRG]LáHP GR V]NRá\2MFLHF Z\Sá\Qá Z UHMV Ä%DWRU\P´ D MHJR*RQD
VSDNRZDáD VZRMH U]HF]\ ZU]XFLáD QD GURJ NLOND SRPDUDF]\ L RGSURZDG]LáD GR
FLRWNL 7DN ZUyFLáHP GR PDWNL 1D .U\VW\Q SDVLHUELF RMFD VWDUV] RG QDV QLH

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQPDU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL'RNGZLRG WDMHPQLF]HODG\Ä:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QUV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

PRJ QLF ]áHJR SRZLHG]LHü =DZV]H VWDZDáD Z QDV]HM REURQLH WáXPDF]F VZRMHM
PDWFH*HSU]HFLH* MHVWHP\G]LHüPLMHMP*DLPDP\SUDZRGRQLHJR´

%\ü PR*H SU]H] ÄSROLW\N´ GUXJLHM *RQ\ E\ü PR*H SU]H] PDU\QDUVNL WU\E*\FLD
6DWDNWyU\GRV\üU]DGNRE\ZDáZGRPXVSRWNDQLD]G]LHüPLE\á\VSRUDG\F]QHD
VWRVXQNL QLH]E\W FLHSáH 3RQDGWR R ]DERUF]RFL SDQL :DQG\ PD WH* FR QLHFR GR
SRZLHG]HQLD UyZQLH* -DQ 5]DWNRZVNL Ä%\áD RVRED QDGSREXGOLZ EDUG]R F]VWR
KLVWHU\F]QLH ZUF] ]D]GURVQ %DUG]R (OH ]QRVLáD SRSXODUQRü 6DWD ]ZáDV]F]D
ZUyGNRELHWSU]H]FRZ\U\ZDQLHJRQDMDNLH LPSUH]\E\áRNRV]PDUHP3U]H]ODWD
]DMPRZDáHP VL W\P ZLF ZLHP 7U]HED E\áR EáDJDü SURVLü NRPELQRZDü
WáXPDF]\ü3U]\ MHGQRF]HVQ\PEUDNX V]DFXQNXGOD,QGLDQ± QLHXNU\ZDáD*HWHQ
WHPDW MHVW MHM GHOLNDWQLH PyZLF RERMWQ\ =QDáHP ZLHOH ODW SDQL :DQG
XZD*DáHPM ]DIDMQ RVREDOHQLHRGSRZLHGQL GOD6DWD3DUDGRNV± ZLNV] F]ü
VZRMHJR*\FLD6DWVSG]Lá]RVRENWyUDE\áDEDUG]RVáDER]DDQJD*RZDQDZWRFR
URELá:HZáDVQ\PGRPXZDOF]\á]HVZRM SRSXODUQRFL´

&RNROZLHNE\RSDQL

:DQG]LH QLH PyZLü L QLH SLVDü IDNWHP MHVW*H 6DW SU]H*\á ] QL V]PDW F]DVX±
SUDZGRSRGREQLHSyáZLHF]HGRNáDGQDGDWDLFKOXEXQLHMHVWPLQLHVWHW\]QDQD
&RZLFHMNLHG\SRZD*QLH]DFKRURZDáDRSLHNRZDáVL QL FDá\PLODWDPLVWDMFVL
QLHPDO*H ÄQLHZROQLNLHP´ F]WHUHFK FLDQ $O]KHLPHU WR RNUXWQD FKRURED
V]F]HJyOQLHEROHVQDGODEOLVNLFKFKRUHJR=PDUáDZF]HUZFXU

-HOL NWR ZWHG\ SRP\ODá *H WHPX VLHGHPG]LHVLFLRVLHGPLRODWNRZL OXE

RVLHPG]LHVLFLRODWNRZL OXE RVLHPG]LHVLFLRGZXODWNRZL SU]\MG]LH WHUD] VDPRWQLH
VWDZLü F]RáD VWDURFLWR JUXER VL SRP\OLá L WR Z GZyFK NZHVWLDFK 3R SLHUZV]H
6DWD WUXGQR E\áR QD]ZDü W\SRZ\P VWDUXV]NLHP :VWDZDá RZLFLH L RG UDQD E\á
*\Z UHNODP SDOHQLDSDSLHURVyZ=DZV]HFR URELáZV]G]LHJRE\áRSHáQR$WR
REUD]DWRRSRZLDGDQNR1LHVWURQLáRGVSRWND LLPSUH]ZGREU]HVSUDZG]RQ\P
JURQLH %\á GXV] WRZDU]\VWZD , MHV]F]H WH MHJR NDZDá\« 3R]D W\P QLH E\áR
QDMPQLHMV]HJRVHQVXS\WDüJRR]GURZLHÄ1LJG\QLHSRV]HGáE\P]QLPQDZHWWHUD]
QLHGDZQR Z ]DZRG\ Sá\ZDFNLH± ZVSRPLQD :LHVáDZ Ä1LHG(ZLHG(´ .DUQDEDO ±
SU]\MDFLHO 6DWD± 6WDZDáQDSRPRFLH VNRNGR W\áXQD JáyZN «3á\ZDQLHSRG

,ELGHPV

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ZRG QDRGOHJáRü"1LNWQLHPLDáV]DQV:W\PZLHNX"-DMX* E\PGDZQRXPDUá
D RQ E\á SR SURVWX QLHVDPRZLW\´

$NW\ZQ\ SHáHQ HQHUJLL FXGRZQLH UDGRVQ\

NRFKDMF\ *\FLH 7H FHFK\ FKDUDNWHUX 6DWD SRWZLHUG]DM VWDU ]DVDG *H PHWU\ND
PDVL QLMDNGRPáRGRFL6DW]GDZDáVL E\üZLHF]QLHPáRG\3RGUXJLH± QLHPyJá
RQUDF]HMQDU]HNDüQDVDPRWQRü=DZV]HNWR ]EOLVNLFKSU]\MDFLyáE\áSU]\QLPD
NRELHW\ « Ä%\á WR MHG\Q\ ]QDQ\ PL P*F]\]QD NWyUHJR NRFKDá\ DEVROXWQLH
ZV]\VWNLH NRELHW\ NWyUH JR ]QDá\ ± ZVSRPLQD -DQ 5]DWNRZVNL ± 7R FK\ED
Z\VWDUF]DMF\GRZyGMHJRZLHONRFLG\SORPDFMLLZLHORFL]DOHWMDNLHWHQF]áRZLHN
SRVLDGDá´

=DWHPZJUXGQLXU6DWR*HQLáVL SRUD]WU]HFL3DQL%DUEDUDQLH

FLHV]\áDVL ]E\WGáXJR VZ\P P*HP%\áDW ]*RQ ] NWyU 6DWE\áQDMNUyFHMD
MHGQDNWRMHMSU]\SDGáQDMFL*V]\QDMEROHQLHMV]\RERZL]HN3RFKRZDáDJROLSFD
U

/RVU]XFLáJRMDNRPáRGHJRP*F]\]Q GR]XSHáQLHREFHJRZLDWDZNWyU\P

GRSDGáDJRZRMQD:ROQ\6]DZDQH]SR]QDáVPDNQLHZROLZDONLLNUZL&KRüMHJR
*\FLHZ3ROVFHGDOHNLHE\áRRGLGHDáXNWyUHJR]DVPDNRZDáMDNRG]LHFNR*\áWXWDM
MDNXPLDáQDMOHSLHM3RGUy*HGRPZLHONLHSU]\MD(QLHSUDFDOLWHUDFND5XFK«%UDá
WR FR VWDZLDáR QD MHJR GURG]H SU]H]QDF]HQLH 0LPR WHJR MHJR GXV]D WVNQLáD ]D
=LHPL 6áRQ\FK6NDáÄ1LHOXEL PLDVWDQLHOXEL QDZHWPRU]D± Z\]QDMH6DW±
3DPLWDP ND*GH GU]HZR Z PRMHM SXV]F]\ ND*G *\áN PRMHJR NRQLD QD NWyU\P
NLHG\ RGFLVQáHPVZRM GáR1DMOHSLHMF]XM VL ZOHVLH´

%\áF]DVNLHG\PyJá

ZUyFLüGRVZRMHJRODVXDOHQDMSLHUZRSLHNRZDáVL VFKRURZDQ PDWNDSy(QLHM«
&y* SR SURVWX XáR*\á VRELH *\FLH Z QRZHM RMF]\(QLH Ä6DW NRFKDá QDV] NUDM
Z\MDQLD -DQ 5]DWNRZVNL ± F]HJR GRZRGHP MHVW IDNW *H ZLHORNURWQLH PyJá
Z\MHFKDü L *\ü JG]LH Z (XURSLH =DFKRGQLHM F]\ .DQDG]LH :LHORNURWQLH E\á
QDNáDQLDQ\GR]DPLHV]NDQLDSR]DNUDMHP3U]\FKRG]Lá\OLVW\ELOHW\/XG]LHFKFLHOL
*HE\ W\ONRZVLDGáRELHF\ZDOL]áRWHJyU\$OHRQZ\EUDá3ROVN&]DVHPSVLRF]\á
QDSROLW\N «DOHNRFKDáQDV]NUDMEH]Z]JOGQLH´

5HODFMD:LHVáDZD.DUQDEDOD]GQ± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQPDU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

0LDVWDQLHGDU]\áWDNJRUF\PXF]XFLHP:*GDVNXEUDNRZDáRPXSRZLHWU]D

SU]HVWU]HQLEOLVNRFLQDWXU\'ODWHJRSRGRNQHPVZRMHJRPLHV]NDQLDZ\EXGRZDá
VRELHDOWDQNNWyUDRWRF]\áSUDZG]LZ EXU] ]LHOHQL1RLPRU]HE\áR]DEOLVNR«
-HGQDN Sá\ZDQLHSRG SROVN EDQGHU PLDáR L VZRMHGREUH VWURQ\.LHG\ E\ZDáZ
.DQDG]LH ]DZV]H PyJá RGZLHG]Lü SU]\MDFLyá ] UH]HUZDWyZ ]HEUDü PDWHULDá\ GR
NROHMQHM NVL*NL %R NLHG\ WVNQRWD ]D SU]HV]áRFL QLH GDáD VL ]ZDOF]\ü E\OH
Z\SDGHP GR ODVX ]DVLDGDá SU]\ ELXUNX L WR ZV]\VWNR FR RGHV]áR R*\ZDáR Z
EDUZQ\FK REUD]DFK NUHORQ\FK MHJR SLyUHP 8ZLHOELDá WDP ZUDFDü ±
ZVSRPQLHQLDPLLZU]HF]\ZLVWRFL3RND]DáNLHG\ VZRLP]QDMRP\P]UH]HUZDWX
MDNWRMHGHQ]QDMOHSV]\FKSROVNLFKDNWRUyZ± 'DQLHO2OEU\FKVNLZVSDQLDOHMH(G]L
QD NRQLX Z Ä3RWRSLH´ PLDOL VL .RPX QDZHW Z\UZDáR VL SRUyZQDQLH GR
UR]WRSLRQHJRPDVáD1RFy* «Ä6DPVLHG]LDáHPQDNRQLXPDMFGZDODWD8,QGLDQ
MX* SLFLROHWQL FKáRSF\ ELRU XG]LDá Z ]DZRGDFK ,QGLDQLQ MH(G]L EH] VLRGáD L
FDáNRZLFLH VL ] NRQLHP XWR*VDPLD F]XMH JR .R VL PF]\ MD VL PF] NR
VSUDJQLRQ\ MD VSUDJQLRQ\´

$EVWUDKXMF RG 2OEU\FKVNLHJR L NRQL ± 6DW

ZLHORNURWQLH SRGNUHODá MDN ZLHONL V]DFXQHN ,QGLDQLH PDMD GOD QDV]HJR QDURGX
3RF]ZV]\RGV\PEROLNL± ELDáRF]HUZRQDIODJDRU]HáZJRGOHDQDGUDPDW\F]Q\FK
]DNUWDFK KLVWRULL 3ROVNL NRF]F ± ZV]\VWNR WR Z RSRZLHFLDFK 6DW2NK¶D ]D
RFHDQHP VSUDZLáR *H Z]DMHPQH ]UR]XPLHQLH L SR]QDQLH PRJáR ]DRZRFRZDü
FLOHMV]\P ]ZL]NLHP SU]\MD(QL PLG]\ ,QGLDQDPL L LQGLDQLVWDPL : 3ROVFH±
SRGREQLH.VL*NL6DWDMHJRVSRWNDQLD]F]\WHOQLNDPLQLHPDO*HZND*G\P]DNWNX
NUDMX VWRV\ OLVWyZ Z PLHV]NDQLX RG PáRG\FK OXG]L ]ORW\ 353, ODWHP 8F]\á LFK
ZUD*OLZRFL WROHUDQFML QD SU]HFLH* WDN RGOHJá REF NXOWXU àDPDá VWHUHRW\S\
SRND]\ZDá LP ZV]\VWNR RG SRF]WNX 2SRZLDGDá R W\P FR ZLG]LDá FR SDPLWDá
]EOL*DMFLFKGR=LHPL6áRQ\FK6NDá

.LP ZLF E\á 6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF]" ,QGLDQLQHP" 3RODNLHP" Ä'R NRFD

FK\EDVDP6DWQLHZLHG]LDá± WZLHUG]L-DQ5]DWNRZVNL± %\üPR*H6DW]GHF\GRZDá
VL ]RVWDü Z 3ROVFH ER JG\E\ ZUyFLá GR .DQDG\ E\áE\ NROHMQ\P ÄQLNLP´
,QGLDQLQHPJG]LH SRGSURJLHP1DWRPLDVWZ3ROVFHPLDáW V]DQV NRU]\VWDMF]

%DUEDUD7\OLFND,QGLDQLQPDU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW0áRG\FK´QU

V

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

QDV]HMPHQWDOQRFLQLHVND*RQHMIDV]\]PHPGRLQQ\FKQDURGyZUR]ZLQüVLE\ü
ÄNLP´ ,QGLDQLQHP 0yZLá ZLHORNURWQLH*H E\áGXPQ\*H PLDá ZLHONL V]DFXQHN
GOD QDV]\FK EDUZ L Z *\FLX E\P QLH SRZLHG]LDá *H QLH F]Xá VL 3RODNLHP &R
SUDZGD MHGQDN PyZLá*H F]XMH VL ]DZLHV]RQ\ « SRPLG]\ GZRPDZLDWDPL
$OH QLH FKRG]LáR R 3ROVN 5DF]HM R OXG]L F\ZLOL]DFMH 7X ELDOL WDP F]HUZRQL
0\O*HWRPLDáRUDF]HMNXOWXURZHSRGáR*H=UHV]W ]DZV]HSRZWDU]Dá*H3ROVND
WRPDáD.DQDGD´

6]F]HJyOQLH MHGQR PLHMVFH SU]\SRPLQDáR PX GRP .LOND NLORPHWUyZ ]D

7XFKRO Z :\P\VáRZLH -DQ .áRG]LVNL NWyU\ SR]QDá 6DW2NK¶D SRGUy*XMF QD
Ä%DWRU\P´]DáR*\áKRWHOUHVWDXUDFM LVWDGQLQ NRQLÄ3DUDGLVR´NWyUHM6DW]UDFML
WHJR *H LFK SU]\MD( SU]HWUZDáD SUyE F]DVX E\á F]VW\P JRFLHP 1LHVND*RQH
F\ZLOL]DFM %RU\7XFKROVNLHF]\VWRü%UG\FLV]DSU]HVWU]H LEOLVNRüQDWXU\WDN
G]LNLHMMDNWRZ3ROVFH PR*OLZH PDJQHW\]RZDá\ JR7DP PyJáRGQDOH(üVSRNyM
Z\SRF]ü SRZVSRPLQDü7DP F]Xá VLMDN NLHG\F]FL ZLNV]HMKDUPRQLMQHM
FDáRFL =QyZ ZUDFDá GR ÄVLHELH´ =D QLP GR :\P\VáRZD FLJDá\ JUXS\
QDMEOL*V]\FK PX LQGLDQLVWyZ L WR ZáDQLH WDP SRZVWDáR MHGQR ] QLHOLF]Q\FK Z
(XURSLH0X]HXP,QGLDQ3yáQRFQRDPHU\NDVNLFKMHJRLPLHQLD

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

52='=,$à,,

'2=,(0,6à21<&+6.$à32:527<:,(/.,(,0$à(

Ä Ä:LQQHWRX´ SU]HáNQáDP Z SLHUZV]HM NODVLH LQVW\QNWRZQLH WUDNWXMF

.DUROD 0D\DMDNR ÄEDMNRSLVDU]D´ L WDNR* SRGFKRG]F GR MHJR HSLFNLHJR G]LHáD R
G]LHOQ\FK$SDF]DFK'RSLHURÄ=LHPLD6áRQ\FK6NDá´QDNWyU WUDILáDPWH* MHV]F]H
ZSRGVWDZyZFHVWDáDVL GODPQLHVZHJRURG]DMXELEOLDMHMDXWRUJXUX&]\WDMF
NVL*N SRMFLD QLH PLDáDP F]\ MHVW WR DXWRELRJUDILD F]\ ILNFMD OLWHUDFND DOH
FKáRQáDP ER ZLDáR ] QLHM DXWHQW\]PHP L WDNLPL HPRFMDPL L* SHZQD E\áDP*H
DXWRU PLDá Z MDNL VSRVyE VW\F]QRü ]H ZLDWHP NWyU\ PQLH RG SU]HF]\WDQLD
Ä:LQQHWRX´]DF]áIDVF\QRZDü1LHP\OLáDPVL $SRODWDFKZ\OGRZDáDPL
PLHV]NDP Z NUDMX PDáR WHJR Z F]FL .DQDG\ Z NWyUHM VL XURG]Lá L VSG]Lá
G]LHFLVWZR &]VWR ZVSRPLQDP PLHMVFD RSLVDQH SU]H] 6DW2NKD SDWU]F QD QLH
ZáDVQ\PL RF]DPL L SRG]LZLDP LFK QDWXUDOQH L G]LNLH SLNQR´

7DN SLV]H R

SRF]WNDFK *\FLRZHM SDVML SHZQD LQGLDQLVWND %\á WR MHGQDN GRü ÄW\SRZ\´
VFHQDULXV]

3LyUR'áXJLHJR3LyUD

3RGNRQLHF;;ZLHNX6DW2NKDQD]\ZDQRMX* SLVDU]HPNXOWRZ\P-HJRNVL*NL

FLHV]\á\ VL QLH]PLHQQ SRSXODUQRFL ZLHORNURWQLH Z]QDZLDQR LFK Z\GDQLD
)LQH]\MQLHWDPSU]HGVWDZLRQ\ZLDWKDUPRQLLSRPLG]\0DWN =LHPL DMHMG]LHüPL
ZLDW SU]HSODWDMF\FK VL L ZVSyáJUDMF\FK U\WPyZ QDWXU\ L *\FLD SUDZG]LZ\FK

5HODFMD(Z\].DQDG\ ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

OXG]L ZFKáDQLDá E\ZDáR *H EH]SRZURWQLH PáRG\FK F]\WHOQLNyZ :LHOX ] QLFK
G]LNL OHNWXU]H PLQ 6DWRZ\FK RSRZLHFL SRVWDQRZLáR SRG*\ü ÄGREUD F]HUZRQ
FLH*N´7RFRSRF]WNRZRE\áRHJ]RW\F]QG]LHFLF SU]\JRGSU]HLVWDF]DáRVL
SRZROLZDXWHQW\F]QHSUDJQLHQLH]JáELHQLDLQGLDVNLFKWDMHPQLFSR]QDZDQLDLFK
NXOWXU\LKLVWRULL

1D SU]HVWU]HQL GHNDG Uy*QLH FKDUDNWHU\]RZDQR WZyUF]Rü 6DWD -DNRü WDNLFK

SUDVRZ\FK UHFHQ]ML QLHRGáF]QLH SRZL]DQ\FK ] RSLVHP MHJR *\FLD QDWXUDOQLH
]DOH*DáR RG VWRSQLDRULHQWDFML G]LHQQLNDU]\ Z WHPDW\FH LQGLDVNLHM F]\ SR SURVWX
ZLHG]\ GRW\F]FHMSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKW\WXáyZÄ6 WRSRZLHFLSU]\JRGRZHNWyU\FK
DNFMD WRF]\ VL QD ']LNLP =DFKRG]LH D ERKDWHUDPL V ,QGLDQLH´

F]\WDP\ Z

Ä=LHORQ\P 6]WDQGDU]H´ ] URNX Ä6SRG MHJR SLyUD Z\V]áR ZLHOH FLHNDZ\FK
NVL*HNSRZLHFRQ\FK,QGLDQRPLXWUZDODMF\FKERJDW\IRONORULRE\F]DMHSOHPLRQ
LQGLDVNLFK´

1D V]F]FLH ]QDOH(ü PR*QD NLOND EDUG]LHM WUDIQ\FK L

ZDUWRFLRZ\FK VIRUPXáRZD Ä7HPDWHP MHJR NVL*HN MHVW *\FLH ,QGLDQ DOH
SU]HGVWDZLRQHEH]SRVPDNXSU]\JyGLDZDQWXUQLFWZ

Ä3LVDUVWZR6XSáDWRZLF]D

WRRVREQ\ UR]G]LDáSLV]H:DUV]HZVNLZÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWHM´ =QLHJRZ\UDVWDMHJR
ZLHOND SU]\MD( ] PáRG\PL ZUD*OLZ\PL OXG(PL -HJR RSRZLHFL R ,QGLDQDFK
DGUHVRZDQH E\á\ SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP GR PáRG]LH*\ -DN*H Uy*QH WR NVL*NL RG
RSRZLHFL .DUROD0D\D2SDUWHV QLH QD VWHUHRW\SDFK L QD ]GHIRUPRZDQHM ZL]ML
ZLDWD,QGLDQSRVWU]HJDQHJRRF]DPLELDáHJRF]áRZLHNDOHF]QDDXWHQW\F]QHMZLHG]\
L ]QDMRPRFL UHDOLyZ ] SLHUZV]HM UNL 0QLHM Z QLFK NUZLVHQVDFML OQLF\FKZ
VáRFX WRPDKDZNyZ RUD] ]G]LHUDQ\FK ] JáyZ VNDOSyZ :LNV]H Z\F]XOHQLH QD
QDWXUDOQHU\WP\SU]\URG\LQDSU]\PLHU]H]DZLHUDQHSU]H]OXG]L]]DPLHV]NLZDQ
SU]H] QLFK NUDLQ´

&DáNLHP SUHF\]\MQLH SRGFKRG] GR VSUDZ\ UHGDNWRU]\

VáRZQLNyZ OLWHUDWXU\ G]LHFLFHM L PáRG]LH*RZHM 2SUyF] ELRJUDILL ÄZ SLJXáFH´
SU]HF]\WDP\ WDP QD SU]\NáDG*H Z Ä=LHPL 6áRQ\FK 6NDá´ Ä$XWRU RSLVXMH Uy*QH
]Z\F]DMH ]ZL]DQH ] Z\FKRZDQLHP L SU]\JRWRZDQLHP FKáRSFD GR *\FLD MDNR
LQGLDVNLHJR ZRMRZQLND OHNFMH MD]G\ QD NRQLX SRORZDQLD ]GRE\ZDQLD LPLHQLD

6\Q2UáDL2EáRNXÄ=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´'RGDWHN,OXVWURZDQ\QU

-XUNRZVNL-6DWRNKV\QZRG]DLQGLDVNLHJRÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´QU

6DW 2NK SROVNLPPDU\QDU]HPÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´QU

5:DUV]HZVNL/DNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QU

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

FDá\RNUHVZNWyU\PFKáRSLHFSR]QDMHSUDZDQDWXU\´

Ä%LDá\0XVWDQJ´QDWRPLDVW

SUH]HQWXMHÄ,QGLDVNLHEDQLHLOHJHQG\]ZL]DQH]Uy*Q\PLPLHMVFDPLMH]LRUDPL
JyUDPLRUD]ZLHU]HQLDPL,QGLDQ2SRZLHFLWHPyZL RLFKRE\F]DMDFKRGZDG]HL
]*\FLX VL ] G]LN QDWXU RUD] R ZLHU]HQLDFK RSDUW\FK SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP QD
XEyVWZLDQLXVLáSU]\URG\´

5HGDNWRU]\F\WRZDQ\FKVáRZQLNyZXWU]\PXM UyZQLH*

FDáNLHP VáXV]QLH*H ÄNVL*NL 6DWRNK PDM GX*H ZDORU\ SR]QDZF]H SU]HND]XM
ZLHG]H R KLVWRULL L NXOWXU]H ,QGLDQ RUD] LFK SXQNW ZLG]HQLD QD NRORQL]DFM
$PHU\NL´

1DWFKQLHQLHP6DWDE\áD]DZV]HMHJRSU]HV]áRü7R]WVNQRW\]DQL VLJDáSR

SLyUR']LNLNDUWNRPSDSLHUXPyJáZUDFDüWDPJG]LHE\üQLHPyJá,]DELHUDáZW
SRGUy* ND*GHJRNWRFKFLDáZGURZDüODGDPLMHJRSU]RGNyZÄ2JURPQDRGOHJáRü
F]DVX L SU]HVWU]HQL G]LHOLáD JR RG LQGLDVNLFK RJQLVN REU]GyZ ZLHF]RUQ\FK
RSRZLHFL VWDUV]\]Q\ ]DSDFKX NDQDG\MVNLHM SXV]F]\SLVDá $QWRQL .URVQ\ ]H
VNDUEFDVZHMSDPLFLLVHUFD]DF]áZ\GRE\ZDüLQGLDVNLZLDW]F]DVyZVZRMHJR
G]LHFLVWZD´

3RPQLNL SU]HV]áRFL ZVSLHUDá UyZQLH* QD ZVSRPQLHQLDFK VZRLFK

SRGUy*\ SR $PHU\FH 1RZH SU]\MD(QLH QRZH GRZLDGF]HQLD ]GRE\ZDQD ZLHG]D
GRW\F]FD SU]HUy*Q\FK DVSHNWyZ NXOWXU\ LQGLDVNLHM Z]ERJDFDáD MHJR NROHMQH
SRZLHFL

6DW QLH ]DF]á MHGQDN VZRMHM SLVDUVNLHM SU]\JRG\ RG SUR]\ Ä=DF]\QDáHP RG

SLVDQLD ZLHUV]\ 3R]QDáHP ZWHG\ SRSXODUQ SLVDUN &]DMN ,]DEHO 6WDFKRZLF]
1DPyZLáDPQLHRQDE\PVSUyERZDáVZRLFKVLáZSUR]LH7áXPDF]\áHPMHM*HQLH
XPLHP 6NRQWDNWRZDáD PQLH ] -HU]\P %URV]NLHZLF]HP :LHOH PX ]DZG]LF]DP
MHOLFKRG]LRSR]QDQLHZDUV]WDWX'ODWHJRWH* ]DGHG\NRZDáHPPXÄ=LHPL 6áRQ\FK
6NDá´

7D SLHUZV]D SRZLHü 6DWD EGFD VZRLVW DXWRELRJUDIL SLVDU]D XND]DáD

VL ZULMHV]F]HWHJRVDPHJRURNXSRMDZLáRVL GUXJLHMHMZ\GDQLH'RU
Z\GDQLD Z]QDZLDQR V]HFLRNURWQLH Ä.VL*ND WD QLH MHVW Z\WZRUHP IDQWD]ML OHF]

1RZ\VáRZQLNOLWHUDWXU\GODG]LHFLLPáRG]LH*\UHG..XOLF]NRZVND%7\OLFND:DUV]DZDV

,ELGHPVSRU0Dá\VáRZQLNOLWHUDWXU\GODG]LHFLLPáRG]LH*\UHG.XOLF]NRZVND.6áRVND,

:DUV]DZD

6áRZQLNOLWHUDWXU\G]LHFLFHMLPáRG]LH*RZHMUHG7\OLFND%/HV]F]\VNL*:URFáDZV

$.URVQ\'áXJLH3LyURÄ0Dá\*Rü1LHG]LHOQ\´V

-5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá

Z\ELHOLü

Ä:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QU

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

RSRZLDGD R ]GDU]HQLDFK U]HF]\ZLVW\FK 2SLVDQH Z QLHM Z\SDGNL G]LDá\ VL Z
.DQDG]LH 3yáQRFQHM SU]HG URNLHP QLHNWyUH ]D ] Z\VWSXMF\FK Z Ä=LHPL
6áRQ\FK6NDá´RVyE*\M SRG]L G]LH 0QLHORV\U]XFLá\GR3ROVNLGRNUDMX
PRMHMPDWNL1LHSRZUyFLáHPMX* GR.DQDG\3ROVNDVWDáDVL PRM GUXJDRMF]\]Q
&KFLDáHP MHGQDN WHM SLHUZV]HM RGGDü VSUDZLHGOLZRü 3RVWDQRZLáHP ZLF
RSRZLHG]LHü :DP PáRG]L SU]\MDFLHOH R WUXGQ\P WZDUG\P ORVLH ,QGLDQ 0DP
QDG]LHM*HZWHMNVL*FHPR*HWURFK OHSLHM]UR]XPLHFLHLFK*\FLH PDU]HQLDLFK
PLáRüGRSXV]F]\LFKZDON RZROQRüNWyUHMSR]RVWDáRLPWDNQLHZLHOHDNWyUHM
WDN EDUG]R LP SRWU]HE

F]\WDP\ Z SU]HGPRZLH 7R PLQ WHQ DXWHQW\]P E\á

SRZRGHP RJURPQHM SRSXODUQRFL Ä=LHPL 6áRQ\FK 6NDá´ -X* Z U NVL*ND
SRMDZLáD VL QD 8NUDLQLH L Z (VWRQLL SXEOLNRZDQD Z F]DVRSLPLH Ä0RORGH]
(VWRQLL´ : U Z\GDQR M Z M]\NX URV\MVNLP L EXáJDUVNLP : U
SRMDZLá\VL SU]HNáDG\ZJLHUVNLHLQLHPLHFNLH:UÄ=LHPLD6áRQ\FK6NDá´
XND]DáDVL Z7HO$YLYLHURNSy(QLHMQD/LWZLHLàRWZLH1DVWSQLHWáXPDF]RQRM
Z 0RáGDZLL L *UX]ML : U F]\WDOL M .D]DFKRZLH 3U]H] WU]\G]LHFL ODW
Z\GDQLDE\á\Z]QDZLDQHZW\FKNUDMDFKZLHORNURWQLHDZODWDFK W\FKSRMDZLá\
VL MHM SU]HNáDG\ MDSRVNL L IUDQFXVNL

: U XND]DáD VL GUXJD SR]\FMD

DXWRUVWZD 6DWD Ä%LDá\ 0XVWDQJ´ 7HJR VDPHJR URNX GRF]HNDáD VL NROHMQHJR
Z\GDQLDQDVWSQHJR± URNSy(QLHM&]ZDUWHLSLWHZ\GDQLHSRMDZLáRVL ZU
V]yVWHZU %DQLHLOHJHQG\ LQGLDVNLHSU]HWáXPDF]RQRQD M]\NOLWHZVNL,
Z\GDQLHZU,, URNSy(QLHMURV\MVNLULXNUDLVNL

']LNLQLPLPL 6DWD]DJRFLáRVZHJRF]DVXZNDQRQLHOHNWXUV]NROQ\FK:U
ZVSyOQLH ] UDG]LHFND SLVDUN $QWRQLQ 5DVXáRZ %XGNLHZLF] QDSLVDá NVL*N Ä
'URJL VFKRGMDWVMD´ SRZLFRQD SROVNLP ]HVáDFRP QD 6\EHULL D NRQNUHWQLH
SU]\MD(QLHPLG]\PDWN 6DWDDRMFHPZVSyáDXWRUNL -XULMHP3DV]NRZVNLP

: U Z\GDQR Z *GDVNX Ä)RUW QDG $WKDEDVN

´

HIHNW ZVSyáSUDF\ 6DWD ]

<DFWD2\ 6áDZRPLUHP%UDOHP&]WHU\ ODWDSy(QLHMXND]DáRVL GUXJLHZ\GDQLH
WHMNVL*NLDZ WU]HFLH

:UPRJOLP\Z]LüGRUNLNROHMQDSRZLHü

6DW2NK=LHPLD6áRQ\FK6NDá:DUV]DZDV

-DFHN*U]\ERZVNL2SUDFRZDQLHELRJUDPXLWZyUF]RFL6DW2NKD ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

7DP*H

7DP*H

7DP*H

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

Ä*áRV 3UHULL´ : U Z NVLJDUQLDFK PR*QD E\áR ]QDOH(ü Ä 7DMHPQLF 5]HNL
%REUyZ´DZWU]\ODWDSy(QLHMÄ6HUFH&KLSSHZD\D´2VWDWQL NVL*N 6DWDRND]Dá
VL E\üÄ:DOF]F\/HQDSD´NWyU\SRMDZLáVL ZURNX

:UyG Z\GDZQLFWZ NWyUH SU]H] SyáZLHF]H ZVSLHUDá\ SUDF OLWHUDFN 6DWD
QDOH*DáRE\ Z\PLHQLü.UDMRZ $JHQFM :\GDZQLF]:\GDZQLFWZRÄ&]\WHOQLN´
ZURFáDZVNLHJRÄ6LHGPLRURJD´SR]QDVNLÄ$NF\GHQV´RUD]:\GDZQLFWZRÄ2VNDU´
: ODWDFK VLHGHPG]LHVLW\FK L RVLHPG]LHVLW\FK6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF]SXEOLNRZDá
UyZQLH* IUDJPHQW\ VZRLFK SRZLHFL QS Ä%LDáHJR 0XVWDQJD´ OXE DUW\NXá\ R
WHPDW\FHLQGLDVNLHM Z SRSXODUQ\FK F]DVRSLVPDFK QDXNRZ\FK WM Ä3áRP\F]HN´
Ä3áRP\N´F]\ÄZLDW0áRG\FK´1DSU]HVWU]HQLZV]\VWNLFKW\FKODWSUDF\WZyUF]HM
UHFHQ]MH MHJR NVL*HN SRMDZLDá\ VL Z SUDVLH ORNDOQHM L RJyOQRNUDMRZHM 1D ED]LH
WU]HFKSRZLHFLXZD*DQ\FK]DQDMOHSV]HÄ=LHPLD6áRQ\FK6NDá´Ä%LDá\0XVWDQJ´
Ä*áRV3UHULL´SRZVWDá\VFHQDULXV]HILOPRZHEGFHLFKDGDSWDFM

,FKWUHüRUD]

RVREDVDPHJRDXWRUDE\áDUyZQLH* WHPDWHPZLHOXVáXFKRZLVNUDGLRZ\FKLVSHNWDNOL
WHOHZL]\MQ\FK

Ä ED]XMF QD OHJHQG]LH VZHJR QD SRá\ LQGLDVNLHJR SRFKRG]HQLD ±

VWZRU]\á QLH]PLHQQLH DWUDNF\MQ\ GOD NROHMQ\FK SRNROH SROVNLHM PáRG]LH*\ L
RGSRZLDGDMF\ VWHUHRW\SRZL ÄGREUHJR ,QGLDQLQD´ ZL]HUXQHN ÄV\QD ZRG]D
6]DXQLVyZ´ XURG]RQHJR L Z\FKRZDQHJR LQGLDVNLHM ZLRVFH XNU\WHM JG]LH Z
NDQDG\MVNLHM SXV]F]\± SLVDá0DUHN 1RZRFLH ± RGSRF]WNXODWV]HüG]LHVLW\FK
6DWRNK SRGWU]\PXMH QLHPDO WHQ VDP URPDQW\F]Q\ ZL]HUXQHN Ä,QGLDQLQD ]
SLyURSXV]HP´ *\MFHJR Z KDUPRQLL ] SU]\URG L ]JRGQLH ] WUDG\FMDPL
SU]RGNyZ´

: VZRLP UHIHUDFLH Ä&LH´ GRW\ND UyZQLH* DF] GHOLNDWQLH L

WDNWRZQLH NZHVWLL XSURV]F]H Z SUH]HQWRZDQLX SRVWDFL L ZWSOLZRFL
SRMDZLDMF\FK VL SU]\ RFHQLH ZDUWRFL OLWHUDFNLHM SRZLHFL 6DWD 'áXJLH 3LyUR
VSRW\NDá VL ERZLHP ] ]DU]XWDPL GRW\F]F\PL SRGWU]\P\ZDQLD ÄVNU]\ZLRQHJR´
ZL]HUXQNX,QGLDQEUDNXIDFKRZHJRU]HWHOQHJRXMFLDLFKNXOWXU\1DSUDZG WUXGQL
PL ]UR]XPLHü WDNLH SRGHMFLH GR NVL*HN QD NWyU\FK Z\FKRZDáR VL JURV OXG]L
WZRU]F\FKSy(QLHM3ROVNL5XFK3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQ7U]HED]D]QDF]\ü*HJURQRGR

7DP*H

5:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´QU

0DUHN1RZRFLH3ROVNL5XFK3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQ± ZF]RUDMG]LMXWUR± ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

NWyUHJR NLHURZDá VZRMH VáRZD 6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF] WR SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP OXG]LH
PáRG]L G]LHFL 1LH ZLHP F]\ NWRNROZLHN NWR QLH SU]H*\á MHV]F]H GZXG]LHVWX
ZLRVHQ *\F]\áE\ VRELH QD SRF]WNX VZRMHM ÄLQGLDVNLHM FLH*NL´ EH]GXV]QHJR
DQWURSRORJLF]QHJRZ\ZRGXF]\QXGQ\FKZ\NáDGyZIDNWRJUDILF]Q\FK1DOLWHUDWXU
ÄFL*V]HJRNDOLEUX´SU]\FKRG]LF]DV]QDF]QLHSy(QLHM-HOLEG G]LHáDDEG QD
SHZQR ]DUD]Lü PRLFK SRWHQFMDOQ\FK SRWRPNyZ ÄEDNF\OHP´LQGLDQLVW\F]Q\P QLH
GDPLPGRUNLQLF]HJRFRPDDPELFMHQDXNRZH'DPLPSRZLHFL6DWDÄ7RQLH
E\áKLVWRU\N2QQLH]DMPRZDáVL KLVWRUL2QKLVWRUL RSRZLDGDá&KRG]LáRPXR
HPRFMH 7URFK SRH]ML WURFK SU]\JRG\ 'OD ND*GHJR QDMOHSV]\P WHJR
GRZRGHPMHVWWR*HMHJRNVL*NLV SXEOLNRZDQHUD]SRUD]Z]QDZLDQH PyZL-DQ
5]DWNRZVNL WR SR SURVWX EDMNL ] PRUDáHP 1LH MDNL EHáNRW F]\ VWU]HODQLQD EH]
VHQVX 7R FR FR MHOL VL SU]HF]\WD WR RG SRF]WNX GR NRFD R W\P VL P\OL
]RVWDMH Z QDV 7R V NVL*NL NWyUH SR]ZDODM PDU]\ü ZLHU]\ü SU]H*\ZDü
LQDF]HM´

3U]\PLHU]H

-DNLHHPRFMHSU]HND]\ZDá6DW"-DNLHHPRFMHWRZDU]\V] F]\WHOQLNRPNLHG\

SU]HZUDFDM NROHMQHNDUW\MHJRSRZLHFL" 3RVWDUDPVL RGSRZLHG]LHüQDWHS\WDQLD
DOHEG]LHWRGODPQLH]DGDQLHWUXGQH1LHMHVWáDWZRERZLHPSLVDRXF]XFLDFK

6DW QDWRPLDVWURELá WR IHQRPHQDOQLH 6SUDZLDá*H PáRG]L OXG]LHGRUDVWDOL ]

ERKDWHUDPLMHJRNVL*HN1LHMHGQRNURWQLH]DWDF]DOL]QLPL NRáD*\FLDWRZDU]\V]\OLL
PRGQDURG]LQGRPLHUFL7UZDOL]QLPLZ]JRG]LH]RGZLHF]Q\PLSUDZDPLZUyG
GXFKyZ LFK SU]HV]áRFL Z SRMHGQDQLX ] RWDF]DMF\P LFK ZLDWHP
:VSyáXF]HVWQLF]\OL Z ZGUyZFH SR ODGDFK SU]RGNyZ 6DWD SR]QDZDOL ZLHOH LFK
WDMHPQLF 'áXJLH 3LyUR XF]\á QDV F]\WHOQLNyZ V]DFXQNX GR WUDG\FML VRELH WDN
EOLVNLFK 1LH GUF]\á MHGQDN SRPSDW\F]Q W\UDG HQF\NORSHG\]PHP Z\MDQLH
.D*GDVWURQDMHJRSRZLHFLWWQLáD*\FLHPQLHPDOND*GDNZLWáDSRH]M']LNLWHM

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR] ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

OHNNRFLSLyUD6DWDPR*QDE\áR WDNáDWZR]DSRPQLHüRU]HF]\ZLVWRFL]DRNQHPL
FKRüSRWURV]HXWR*VDPLDüVL ]ERKDWHUDPLZFKáDQLDüGXFKDWDPWHJRZLDWD$MHVW
WR ZLDW ZLG]LDQ\ QLHMDNR RF]DPL G]LHFND ZLW F]DUQR ELDá\ 3HáHQ ]á\FK L
GREU\FK OXG]L RSLHNXF]\FK L ]áROLZ\FK GXFKyZ XF]\QNyZ V]ODFKHWQ\FK L
QLHJRG]LZ\FK ]D NWyUH F]HNDáD QDV QDJURGD OXE NDUD :V]\VWNR PD WDP VZRMH
PLHMVFHLSUDZDND*GDQDMGUREQLHMV]DLVWRWDP\LQDVLZURJRZLH1LHMHVWWRMHGQDN
NUHDFMDMHGQRVWDMQDPDáDSR]EDZLRQDÄNUZLRELHJX´:UF]SU]HFLZQLHUD]SRUD]
RGNU\ZDP\ MHM QRZH EDUZ\ MHM XURN VXURZH SLNQR &]\ QLH ]GDU]D QDP VL
MHV]F]HLWHUD]WVNQLF]DZLDWHPNWyU\]RVWDZLOLP\]DVRE GRUDVWDMF"

Ä$ :LHONL 'XFK SR UD] WU]HFL SU]\VWSLá GR SUDF\ ZNáDGDMF GR SLHFD

NDZDáNLGU]HZDPyZLá

%LDáDNRUDEU]R]\XF]\QLVWRS\WZRMHOHNNLPLLV]\ENLPL*Dá]LHGEXGDG]

PRFLVLá FDáHPXWZRMHPXFLDáX0RGU]HZSRZL*HPLVQLHWZRMHPRFQR
DE\RGSRUQHVL VWDá\ QDZ\VLáHNLWUXG1LHSU]HMPLHFL FKáyGQRF\D
]LPQHPQLH]PUR]LFLNUZLRNUXWQ\ZLDWUSyáQRFQ\

3U]HMG]LHV] ]DSDFKHP ODVyZ L GR QLFK EG]LHV] QDOH*Dá WDN MDN GR QLFK QDOH*\
QLHG(ZLHG( LZLONSXPDLU\OLVLEyEU%G]LHV]WZRU]\á]SXV]F] MHGQDFDáRüD
JG\ Z\JLQD ODV\ ]JLQLHV] L W\ *G\ Z\JLQ QD SUHULDFK EL]RQ\ ]JLQLHV] W\ ER
QDOH*HüEG]LHV]GRSXV]F]\LSUHULL$JG\RQHXPUW\SRZUyFLV]GRPQLH
,WDNSRZVWDáF]áRZLHNRVNyU]HEU]X

'DUXM FLODV\LVWHS\GDMHFLU]HNLMH]LRUDLJyU\GDM FLZV]\VWNRFRVL Z

QLFK ]QDMGXMH -HVWH JRVSRGDU]HP U]G( VL VSUDZLHGOLZLHL NRFKDM QDWXU
,G(]EXGXMVRELHWLSLL]DPLHV]NDMZQLP´

6DW RWZLHUDá EUDP\ ]D NWyU\PL PLG]\ LQQ\PL MD ]QDOD]áDP HJ]RW\F]Q\

SU]HSHáQLRQ\ZLDWZLDWQDSRá\G]LNLLQLHXMDU]PLRQ\ZNWyU\PSU]HWUZDM W\ONR
QDMVLOQLHMVLDQDSRá\UyZQLH* KDUPRQLMQ\3U]HSODWDM VL ZQLP]HVRE SRZL]DQH
XZLFRQHWUDG\FM SUDZDLRE\F]DMH6 EH]Z]JOGQHDOHQLHEH]GXV]QH7R*\ZD
ZV]HFKREHFQD SU]\URGD G\NWXMH WH ZDUXQNL 2QD Z\]QDF]D ORV OXG]L L ]ZLHU]W

6DW2NK%LDá\0XVWDQJ:DUV]DZDV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

&\NOH0DWNL=LHPLWRHWDS\LFK*\FLD&]\WDMFSRV]F]HJyOQHUR]G]LDá\SR]QDMHP\
MDFRUD]EDUG]LHMXF]\P\VL MHMSUDZLHQDSDPLü:UD]]ERKDWHUDPLGRMU]HZDP\
GRWHJRE\UR]XPLHüXNáDGFKPXUQDQLHELHLVPDNZLDWUX%RJG\SU]\MG]LHZLDWU
SyáQRFQR ]DFKRGQLQDGHMG]LH F]DVSRORZDURELHQLD]DSDVyZF]DVV\WRFLLSUDF\
,QQHV RERZL]NL0LHVLFD-DJyGDLQQH0LHVLFD.LHG\ :LONL&KRG] 6WDGDPL
3R]QDMHP\ ORV ÄMDN ZáDVQ NLHV]H´ ZLHP\ *H ]D VWDU SRáDPDQ VRVQ WU]HED
VNUFLü Z OHZR E\ RPLQü VWUXPLH 8F]\P\ VL RGF]\W\ZDü ZV]\VWNLH ]QDNL
G]LNLHM QDWXU\ UR]XPLHü MHM JáRV\ 1DODGXMF M SU]HMG]LHP\ FL*N V]NRá
FLHUSOLZRFL L XPLHMWQRFL Z RSDQRZ\ZDQLX V]WXNL SU]H*\FLD 3R]QDP\ VPDN
]Z\FLVWZDQDGEUDWHPQLHG(ZLHG]LHPLJRU\F]SRUD*NLNLHG\XPNQLHQDPVSU\WQ\
NUyOLN6DWSLV]HR0DWFH=LHPL]ZLHON F]FL7RRQDWDNZáDFLZLHURFLüVRELH
SUDZD GR QD]\ZDQLD VL JáyZQ\P ERKDWHUHP MHJR SRZLHFL 3RVWDFLH NUHRZDQH
SU]H]'áXJLH3LyURREGDU]DM M RJURPQ\PV]DFXQNLHP]UR]XPLHQLHPLPLáRFL
-DNPRJáRE\E\üLQDF]HMVNRUR,QGLDQLHZLHU]*HV MHMF]FL*HZV]\VWNRFR
*\MH MHVW VFDORQH ]áF]RQH EUDWHUVWZHP *H ZV]\VWNR MHVW MHGQ\P 1LJG\ QLH
]DELMDM EH]SRWU]HE\EG SU]HVWU]HJDüRGZLHF]QHJRSUDZDZV]\VWNLFKVWZRU]H
GR *\FLD L QLHRJUDQLF]RQHM VZRERG\ %G SRNRUQL ± ER SU]\URGD RGNU\ZD LFK
JáXSRWNDU]H]DS\FK LGDMHLPPGURü%G ZG]LF]QL± ERSRPDJDLPZ*\FLX
FRG]LHQQ\P*\ZL L NDUPLZLDW 6DWD WR 0DWND =LHPLD L MHM G]LHFL QDXND*\FLD
ZHGáXJ -HM F\NOyZ WHDWU RGZDJL Z\WU]\PDáRFL VWUDFKX 7HQ ZLDW WR ZLHOND
XF]HOQLD , FR MHV]F]H Ä8FLHNáHP ] RVDG\E\ VNU\üVL SU]\ 6NDOH0LOF]FHJR
:RMRZQLND :VSLáHP VL QD MHM FLDQ SU]\VLDGáHP QD Z\VRNLHM SyáFH WX* QDG
ZRGQ JáEL3DWU]\áHPQDSXV]F]ZLHU]FKRáNLGU]HZSRFK\ODá\VL SRGVWRSDPL
QDGFKRG]FHJR SyáQRFQHJR ZLDWUX 2WR E\áD PRMD SXV]F]D PyM SU]\MDFLHO PyM
GRP´

Ä 3U]\SURZDG]LáHPFL WXWDMGODWHJRE\GDüFLPyMVLOQ\OHNDW\]DELHU]HV]

JRVZHPXOXGRZL3RSRZURFLHPXVLV]]EXGRZDüWLSLL]GRELüMHGRNáDGQLHWDNMDN
MHVWSRPDORZDQHWRZNWyU\PVL ]QDMGXMHV]

6DW2NK=LHPLD6áRQ\FK6NDá:DUV]DZDV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

2OEU]\PL1LHG(ZLHG( Z\MDQLáZRMRZQLNRZLMDNLHZ]RU\LU\VXQNLPXV]D]QDOH(ü
VL QDQRZ\PWLSL1DXF]\áJRWH* RGSRZLHGQLFKSLHQLWRZDU]\V]F\FKU\WXDáRZL
PDORZDQLD =D]QDF]\á MHV]F]H DE\ 0DVJZDDK6LG QLH ]DSRPQLDá ]URELü SU]\
EXGRZLHQRZHJRWLSLZLWHJR=DZLQLWNDRWU]\PDáUyZQLH* ZVND]yZNLMDN
QDOH*\SRVWSRZDüSU]\RF]\V]F]DQLXZLWHJR=DZLQLWNDJG\E\]RVWDáRRWZDUWHL
X*\WH ] SURE R SRPRF .LHG\ 0DVJZDDK6LG Z\VáXFKDá W\FK ZV]\VWNLFK
SROHFH L QDXF]\á VL SRWU]HEQ\FK SLHQL REU]GRZ\FK GXFK :LHONLHJR
1LHG(ZLHG]LD]DEUDáJR]SRZURWHPQDSRZLHU]FKQL ]LHPL*G\WDNV]OLUD]HPZ
NLHUXQNXZLRVNL.LRZyZZSHZQHMFKZLOLVHQQHZLG]LDGáR]QLNáR´

7DNMDNZ\UD(QLH ]DXZD*DOQDMHVWURODQDWXU\ZNXOWXU]HNWyU RSLV\ZDá6DW

2NK WDN UyZQLH PRFQR ]DU\VRZ\ZDá RQ ZV]HFKREHFQRü ZLDU\ 3UDZD ]LHPL L
SUDZD QLHED VSODWDM VL ]H VRE QLHUR]HUZDOQLH Z áDFXFK QDND]yZ L ]DND]yZ
+LVWRULH'áXJLHJR3LyUDSU]HV\FRQHV WUDQVFHQGHQWDOQ\PXURNLHPNLHG\ Z*\FLH
ERKDWHUyZZNUDF]DM QDGQDWXUDOQHVLá\ L PRFH1DND*G\PNURNX PR*QDGRWNQü
MDNLHM WDMHPQLF\ZV]HFKZLDWDEGFHMHOHPHQWHPRGZLHF]QHJRáDGXLSRU]GNX
.D*G WDN WDMHPQLF Z\MDQLDM QDPSU]HND]\ZDQH]SRNROHQLDQDSRNROHQLHVWDUH
OHJHQG\QDNWyU\FKRSLHUDVL LQGLDVNDZL]MDZLDWD:GURG]HSRGF]DVQDXNLQD
XF]FLH SU]\ RJQLVNX XVá\V]\P\ RSRZLHFL VWDUV]\]Q\ L GRZLDGF]RQ\FK
ZRMRZQLNyZRW\PMDNSUDZG]LZ\POXG]LRPRGGDQD]RVWDáDZHZáDGDQLHWD]LHPLD
R W\P VNG PDP\ NRQLH GODF]HJR MH]LRUR ]D Z]JyU]HP FLJOH MHVW Z]EXU]RQH L
GODF]HJR MHVWHP\ ] URGX .UXND 3R]QDP\ZLDW .WyU\ -HVW :\VRNR L EG]LHP\
ZLHG]LHü*HWUZDWDP RGZLHF]QDZDONDPLG]\GREUHPL]áHPGRNáDGQLHWDNMDN
ZLHFLH.WyU\-HVW1LVNRDZV]HONLHGXFK\PDM WHVDPHZDG\L]DOHW\FRP\]WD
MHGQDN Uy*QLF *H LFK SRWJD ]QDF]QLH SU]HUDVWD QDV]H PR*OLZRFL 3DQWHRQ
LVWQLHMF\FKGXFKyZ MHVW SU]HRJURPQ\.D*GHJR GQLD Z ND*GHM V\WXDFML PR*HP\
VSRWNDüMDNLHJR VWUD*QLNDOXESRVáDFD6 GXFK\MH]LRUGU]HZ]ZLHU]WVQyZJyU
U]HNV GXFK\RSLHNXF]HGXFK\QDV]\FKSU]RGNyZLSUDSU]RGNyZ DZV]\VWNLH
SRGSRU]GNRZDQH 6WZyUF\ :LHONLHPX 'XFKRZL 0R*HP\ ]DZV]H OLF]\ü QD LFK
SRPRF ZVSDUFLH ZVND]yZNL R LOH RND*HP\ LP RGSRZLHGQL V]DFXQHN MHOL
RND*HP\ SRNRU LRGGDP\LPF]Hü,FKPRFMHVWERZLHPZLHOND MHOL]áDPLHP\

6DW2NK*áRV3UHULL*GDVNV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SUDZRQDVWUD*\NWyUHJRVWRMF]HNDQDV]JXEDDMHOL]DGEDP\RWRE\]DSHZQLü
VRELHLFKSU]\FK\OQRüQDJURG] QDVSRZRG]HQLHP

ÄSDOF\IDMN SRGDZDOLM MHGHQGUXJLHPXZWDNLVSRVyEDE\MHMXVWQLN

VNLHURZDQ\ E\á Z VWURQ FLDQ SRPLHV]F]HQLD : REU]G]LH W\P SRPLHV]F]HQLH
V\PEROL]RZDáR FDá\ ZLDW D SU]HVWU]H SR]D QLP Z\REUD*DáD :LHONLHJR 7ZyUF
NWyU\ MHVW ZV]G]LH )DMN WU]HED E\áR SRGDZDü WDN DE\ QLH SU]HFKRG]LáD SRG
RWZRUHP ZHMFLRZ\P .LHG\ GRV]áD GR P*F]\]Q\ VLHG]FHJR QDMEOL*HM ZHMFLD
]ZUDFDá M ] SRZURWHP E\ NROHMQR SRGDZDQD ] UDN GR UN ZUyFLáD SRQRZQLH GR
:RMHQQHM/DQF\:GURG]HSRZURWQHMQLNWMHMQLHSDOLá*G\E\IDMN SU]HQLHVLRQR
SU]HG RWZRUHP ZHMFLRZ\P VLáD PRGOF\FK VL PRJáDE\ XWUDFLü VZ PRF
:RMHQQD /DQFD SXFLáM WHUD] Z RELHJ SR VZRMHMSUDZHM UFH L NLHG\ VNRF]RQR
SDOHQLHZLWHM)DMNL+XDQ 7RVSRáR*\áM QDPDáHMUR]ZLGORQHMSRGSyUFHJáyZN
RSDUW R]LHPL DXVWQLNLHPXNRQLHVNLHURZDQ\PZ JyU7DNRWRIDMNDVWDáDVL
áF]QLNLHPPLG]\QLHEHPD]LHPL´

&HUHPRQLDOQRü ]DFKRZD E\áD F]\P RF]\ZLVW\P Z ZLHFLH VXURZ\FK

SUDZZNWyU\FKQDND*G\PNURNXQDWNQüVL PR*QDQDLFKVWUD*QLNyZVLá\LPRFH
SRW*QLHMV]H RG áXNX F]\ RV]F]HSX 1DOH*DáR RND]\ZDü LP V]DFXQHN ]DSHZQLü
VRELH LFK RSLHN %RKDWHURZLH 6DWRZ\FK SRZLHFL URELOL WR F]VWR ,FK PRGOLWZ
E\áD PX]\ND WDQLHFSLHZ 3DOLOL IDMN QRVLOL VZyM ZRUHF]HN ] OHNDPL VNáDGDOL
RILDU\ Z\V]HSW\ZDOL VáRZD PRGOLWZ\ .LHG\ V]XNDOL SRPRF\ F]\ ZVND]yZNL
VDPRLVWQLHSRG*DOLGPLHMVFRGGDORQ\FKRGZLRVNLJG]LHSRFLOLGáXJRF]HNDMF
QDZL]MH:L]MHLVQ\E\á\GODQLFKWDNVDPRZD*QHDQDZHWZD*QLHMV]HQL* WRFR
G]LHMH VL QD MDZLH 1LH PXVLHOL MHGQDN PRGOLü VL Z RGRVREQLHQLX : VSRVyE
QLH]Z\NOHEDUZQ\LSODVW\F]Q\6DWRSLVXMHSOHPLHQQHREU]G\3RGF]DVZVSyOQHJR
ZLWRZDQLD ZV]\VWNR MHVW ZD*QH QDMGUREQLHMV]H V]F]HJyá\ 'QL SHáQH V
FHUHPRQLDáX QDMSURVWV]H F]\QQRFLND*G\ JHVW XZLFRQ\ RGZLHF]Q\PSUDZHP
ZVSDUW\WUDG\FM XSDPLWQLDMF SU]HV]áRü
ÄQD]QDNRMFDSRGáR*RQRRJLH SRGZLHONLSU]\JRWRZDQ\GRZRMHQQ\FKWDFyZ
VWRV 3áRPLH V]\ENR EXFKDMF Z JyU RZLHWOLá REQD*RQH GR SDVD WRUV\
ZRMRZQLNyZOQLáQDRVWU]DFKQR*\RWRPDKDZNyZRGELMDáVL Z(UHQLFDFK3U]\

,ELGHPV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

RJQLVNXVWDáRMFLHFVLJDMF\]LHPLSLyURSXV]FKZLDáPXVL QDUDPLRQDFKEá\VNDá\
XPLHV]F]RQH QD VNURQLDFK FLHQNR RSLáRZDQH URJL EL]RQD 3LHUVL SRPDORZDQH Z
SRSU]HF]QH*yáWHLF]HUZRQHSDV\]GDZDá\VL E\üZLHONLPSáRPLHQLHP
=QyZ XQLyVá GáR Z JyU D QD WHQ ]QDN R]ZDá\ VL EEQ\ SLV]F]DáNL L IOHW\
3RZROQ\ ]UD]X LFK U\WP ]DUD] ZFLJDá NWyUHJR ZRMRZQLND Z V]HURNL WDQHF]Q\
NUJ5R]SRF]\QDáVL WDQLHFZRMHQQ\´

2QL QLH PRJOLE\ *\ü EH] ZLDGRPRFL LVWQLHQLD VSUDZLHGOLZHJR ZLDWD GXFKyZ
]DZV]HJRWRZ\FKE\Z\VáXFKDüLFKWURVNE\Z\]QDF]\üFLH*NLLFK*\FLD'XFKyZ
NWyUHVSUDZLD*HUDQNLHPQDZVFKRG]LHSRMDZLDVL 6áRFHG]LNLNWyU\PJQLHZQH
FKPXU\GDM GHV]F]SU]H]NWyUH]LHPLDURG]LVZRMHGREUD7HQZLDWQLHLVWQLDáE\
EH]ZLDU\
Ä &]DVHP VáRFH ZVFKRG]L F]HUZRQR ZWHG\ ZRMRZQLF\ SRZLDGDM 'XV]H
]PDUá\FKLG QDZRMQ ]ZRG]HPVáRFHP$JG\VáRFHZVWDMHEODGHZLRVNL
QDV]H V ZHVRáH 2]QDF]D WR ERZLHP *H VáRFH ]RVWDáR Z ELWZLH ]UDQLRQH *H
XWUDFLáRZLHOHNUZLL*HZREHFWHJR]ELHU]HGXV]HQDV]\FKG]LDGyZE\Z\UXV]\ü]
QLPL QD ZLHONL áRZ\ E\ Z]PRFQLü VL L QDEUDü VLá\ $ SU]HFLH* GXFK\ QDV]\FK
]PDUá\FKOHSLHMQL* NWRNROZLHNLQQ\SRPRJ QDPZáRZDFK´

)\FLHGXFKRZH,QGLDQ]QDMGRZDáRVZRMHRG]ZLHUFLHGOHQLHZLFKUNRG]LHOH

Z]RUQLFWZLH VWURMDFK R]GREDFK NWyUH QRVLOL Z LFK *\FLX FRG]LHQQ\P -DN RQR
Z\JOGDáR Z RSRZLHFLDFK 'áXJLHJR 3LyUD " .LP E\áF]áRZLHN Z U]HF]\ZLVWRFL
RSLVDQHM SU]H] QLHJR " %\á JRVSRGDU]HP L VáXJD -HJR ZLDW RSLHUDá VL QD
UHVSHNWRZDQLXSUDZLRE\F]DMyZNXOW\ZRZDQLXWUDG\FMLGEDQLXRZV]\VWNLFKEUDFL
E\áSDPLFL SU]HV]áRFLLKDUPRQL GQLDG]LVLHMV]HJR
Ä5DQR7DUF]D1LHG(ZLHG]LDXZROQLá]ZL]yZVZRMHJRQLHZROQLNDQDNDUPLáJR
QDSRLáLRSXFLáWLSLQLHREDZLDMFVL*HZF]DVLHMHGQHJRGQLDVFKZ\WDQ\3DZQHH
PR*H VSUyERZDü XFLHF]NL 0LDá ]UHV]W QDGDO MHJR OHNL EH] NWyU\FK *DGHQ
P*F]\]QDVL QLHUXV]\$OHWXVSRWNDáDJRZLHONDQLHVSRG]LDQNDERRWRZNLOND
FKZLOSRMHJRZ\MFLX]QDPLRWXZ\V]HGá]DQLP3DZQHHWU]\PDMFMHJRPRNDV\Q\
ZUNX2ILFMDOQLHQDURGNXZLRVNLLZREHFQRFLOXG]L.LRZD]GMá]QyJZáDVQH

6DW2NK=LHPLD6áRQ\FK6NDá:DUV]DZDV

,ELGHPV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

PRNDV\Q\ L RGU]XFLá MH GDOHNR RG VLHELH 1DVWSQLH ZáR*\á QD VZRMH VWRS\
PRNDV\Q\QDOH*FHGR7DUF]\1LHG(ZLHG]LHM.D\RRNRVLVXWUDFLáQLHZROQLND
0áRG\3DZQHHSR]RVWDáZSOHPLHQLXGDZQ\FKZURJyZ´

Ä0DOL ,QGLDQLH´ F]\WHOQLF\ 6DWD SR]QDZDOL GRNáDGQLH WUDG\F\MQH ]Z\F]DMH

U]G]FH RSLV\ZDQD SU]H] QLHJR NXOWXU 0RJOLREVHUZRZDüFLH*N P*F]\]Q\ L
ORV\NRELHW\0DU]\OLRW\PE\PyFGRUDVWDü]ERKDWHUDPLL]QLPLZWDSLDüVL Z
LFK ZLDW 1DMSLHUZ XF]\OL VL EH]Z]JOGQHJR SRVáXV]HVWZD ZREHF VWDUV]\FK
SRNRU\LV]DFXQNX3y(QLHMSRGRNLHPQDXF]\FLHOLSU]\FKRG]LáRLPVWDZLDüF]RáR
SUyERP]UF]QRFLRGZDJL0XVLHOLRSDQRZDüV]WXN ZáDGDQLDEURQLXMH*G*DQLD
NRQLWURSLHQLDLSRORZDQLDWDNGREU]HMDNQDXF]\OLVL RGG\FKDüPyZLüFKRG]Lü
3U]\MPRZDOL ] GXP L VSRNRMHP EH]VáRZQH SRFKZDá\ ]QRVLOL ZVW\G QDJDQ\ L
FL*N UN QDXF]\FLHOL&LHUSOLZLHF]HNDOL
Ä$MDSLHZDPVRELHZGXFKXSLHRW\P*HEG NLHG\ MDN1HSHPXV*HEG
PLDáMDNRQVXURZ L ]QDF]RQDEOL]QDPLSR QLHG(ZLHG]LFKSD]XUDFK WZDU]*HMDN
1HSHPXVWRF]\üEG ]V]DU\PQLHG(ZLHG]LHPZDON ZUF] L]Z\FL*%G]LHWR
SLNQDZDOND=DELRU PXMHJRLPL LQLHEG PQLHMX* QD]\ZDOL8WLFKáRSLHF
EH]LPLHQLD´

2Wy* WR ]GRE\ü LPL 'REUH LPL %\ü GXP URG]LFyZ L FKOXE SOHPLHQLD
'RNRQDü F]\QyZ R NWyU\FK NRELHW\ EG SLHZDü ZLHF]RUDPL SLHQL %\ü W\P
NWyU\SRZLHG]LHVZyMOyGGR]Z\FLVWZDZZDOFHLQLJG\QLHRGZUyFLVL GRZURJD
SOHFDPL%\üZRMRZQLNLHPV]F]RGU\PLJRFLQQ\PGODEUDFLZRMRZQLNLHPNWyU\
VPDUXMHVZRMHFDáRWáXV]F]HPLQDNáDGDVZRMHEDUZ\SU]HGZDONNWyU\]DZV]HPD
SU]\ VRELH W\WR SU]HSUDV]D GXFKD XSRORZDQHM ]ZLHU]\Q\ %\ü PGU\P
V]ODFKHWQ\P,QGLDQLQHP
Ä ZRMRZQLN SRGQLyVá VL L VWDQá SU]HG ]HEUDQ\PL -HJR VWUyM E\á MHGQ\P ]
QDMSLNQLHMV]\FK 1D JáRZLH PLDá RSDVN ] IXWUD ZLOND ] GZRPD SLyUDPL ]áRWHJR
RUáD ]DWNQLW\PL ]D QL ] W\áX JáRZ\ SU]\SRPLQDMF\PL UR]VWDZLRQH XV]\
]ZLHU]FLD NWyUHJR LPL RWU]\PDá GDZQR WHPX L NWyUH ]DV]F]\WQLH QRVLá QDGDO
UH]\JQXMFQDZHW]LPLHQLDZRMHQQHJR-HJRNRV]XODLOHJJLQ\]RVWDá\Z\NRQDQH]

6DW2NK*áRVV

6DW2NK=LHPLDV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

QDMEDUG]LHM PLNNLHM VNyU\ MHOHQLD L R]GRELRQH V]HURNLPL SDVDPL ] QDV]\W\P
Z]RUHP ] NROFyZ MH*R]ZLHU]D =H V]ZyZ RE\GZX UNDZyZ L OHJJLQyZ GáXJLH
FLHQNLH IUG]OH FKZLDá\ VL ZG]LF]QLH SU]\ ND*G\P UXFKX -HJR PRNDV\Q\ E\á\
FDáNRZLFLHSRNU\WHKDIWHP'RRNRáDFDáHMVWRS\]QDMGRZDáVL V]HURNLSDVZ\V]\W\
ELDá\PL NROFDPL 3DV WHQ R]GDELDá\ GRGDWNRZR F]HUZRQH WUyMNW\ 6\PEROH WH
R]QDF]Dá\NRQLHZURJyZ]GRE\WHSRGF]DVZ\SUDZZRMHQQ\FK0LG]\WUyMNWDPL
]RVWDá\ XPLHV]F]RQH QLHELHVNLH NU]\*HJZLD]G\ %\á\ WR V\PEROH *ZLD]G\
3RUDQQHM SU]HZRGQLH]QDNLNWyUH]DZV]HSRPDJDá\PXRGQDOH(üZáDFLZ\V]ODN
1D ZLHU]FKQLHM F]FL PRNDV\QyZ Z\V]\WH E\á\ GD F]HUZRQH URJL EL]RQLH QD
ELDá\PWOH V\PEROVLá\´

+RQRUGXPDLFKZDáDZ\]QDF]Dá\FLH*N ZRMRZQLNyZ1LHE\áWRMHGQDN

GR FQD ÄPVNL´ ZLDW SHáHQ VXURZRFL L SRZDJL 'X* URO RGJU\ZDáD Z QLP
FNOLZRüPLáRüVLOQHZL]\URG]LQQHSLHOJQRZDQHSU]H]NRELHW\QDWXUDOQLH
ÄRG]LHZF]WDFK]Z\NOLP\P\OHüSRJDUGOLZLHZ\PLHZDüLFKJDGDWOLZRü
NSLü]LFKQLHZLHG]\RZV]\VWNLFKPVNLFKVSUDZDFK$RWRW\PUD]HPVDP2ZDVHV
SRZWyU]\áQDPSLHZNWyUHMSRUD]SLHUZV]\XVá\V]HOLP\RG]LHZF]\QLHSRUD]
SLHUZV]\ SU]HNRQDOLP\VL*HLNRELHWDPR*HE\üERKDWHUHPSLHQL´

1LH ZLHP F]\ XGDáR PL VL RGGDü EDUZ\ L HPRFMH 6DWRZ\FK RSRZLHFL D

FKFLDáDP WR]URELüZ VSRVyESRGREQ\ GRWHJRMDN PDORZDáMH'áXJLH3LyUR %\ü
PR*HE\áWRGDUHPQ\WUXGERQLHVG]*HE\NWR SRWUDILáSLVDüWDNMDNRQ7\ONR
RQ]DZDUáSU]\PLHU]H]HVZRM =LHPL 6áRQ\FK6NDá
3RGVXPRZXMF WZyUF]Rü 6DW2NKD QLH PR*QD QLH ZVSRPQLHü R LQQ\FK MHM
SU]HMDZDFK Ä%\á SRHW 3LVDá ZLHUV]H FKRü QLJG\ LFK QLH RSXEOLNRZDá 1LH
]GHF\GRZDá VL GODWHJR *H SLVDá MH GOD QDMEOL*V]\FK 7R E\á\ JáEV]H U]HF]\
EDUG]LHM RVRELVWH 1LH FKFLDá VL W\PG]LHOLü ] FDá\PZLDWH

ZVSRPLQD -DQ

5]DWNRZVNL
6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]E\áUyZQLH* XWDOHQWRZDQ\PPDODU]HPLU\VRZQLNLHP VDP
LOXVWURZDáVZRMHNVL*NL:GRPX%DUWND6WUDQ]DZJGDVNLHM2VDZLHSRGF]DV

6DW2NK*áRVV

6DW2NK=LHPLV

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ELVNXSLDVNLHJS )HVW\QX $UFKHRORJLF]QHJR F]\ Z 0X]HXP LP 6DW2NKD Z
:\P\VáRZLH PLDáDP RND]M SU]\MU]Hü VL GRNáDGQLHM MHJR SUDFRP 1LH MHVWHP
NU\W\NLHP V]WXNL L REFH PL V MDNLHNROZLHN EDUG]LHM IDFKRZH WHUPLQ\ NWyU\PL
PRJáDE\P ]DQDOL]RZDü WH REUD]\ ZLF SR]RVWDQ SU]\ SURVW\P VWZLHUG]HQLX*H
LFKHNVSUHVMDG\QDPL]PLQDV\FHQLHEDUZ Z\ZDUáRQDPQLHRJURPQHZUD*HQLH
ÄQDZHWMHOLF]DVDPLMDNLH SODNDWyZNLGRSDGáWRWDNLHU]HF]\PDORZDá*HEUDN
PLE\áRVáyZ ZVSRPLQD-DQ 0DPZGRPXMHJRDNZDUHOHROHMHV]NLFHSLyUNLHP
.LHG\ Z\ZR]LáHP GR 6WDQyZ MHJR REUD]\ ]D ND*G\P UD]HP MDNR SUH]HQW\ GOD
,QGLDQ WR OXG]LH SLV]F]HOL ] ]DFKZ\WX 6DW E\á ]QDQ\ ] WHJR*H SRW*QLH GX*R
PDORZDá5R]V\áDáVZRMHREUD]\SUDNW\F]QLHSRZV]\VWNLFKWHUHQDFK0DWNL=LHPL
ERSU]\MDFLyáPLDáQDFDá\PZLHFLH´

6DWGRFKRZDáSU]\PLHU]D]SXV]F]RGGDáVSUDZLHGOLZRüVZRMHMSLHUZV]HM

RMF]\(QLH*G]LHNROZLHNE\áFRNROZLHNURELá SDPLWDá

Z VHUFX WHJR EDUG]R VNURPQHJR F]áRZLHND V\QD ZRG]D L ELDáHM NRELHW\

ZFL* SáRQ LQGLDVNLHRJQLVNDDZRNyáQLFKVLHG] P\OLZL]SOHPLHQLD6KDZQHH
]DVáXFKDQLZQRFQHRSRZLHFLVWDUV]\FK,RWDF]DLFKSXV]F]D´

5HODFMD-DQD5]WNRZVNLHJR]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

$.URVQ\Ä'áXJLH3LyUR´0Dá\*Rü1LHG]LHOQ\´V

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

5R]G]LDá,,,

32/6.,58&+35=<-$&,Ïà,1',$1

5XFKZNWyU\PPDPQLH]Z\Ná SU]\MHPQRüXF]HVWQLF]\üVNXSLDIDVF\QDWyZ

KLVWRULL L NXOWXU\ WXE\OF]\FK $PHU\NDQyZ Z\]QDF]D ZLHOHFLH*HN ]GRE\ZDQLD
ZLHG]\ GRZLDGF]HQLD L REVHUZDFML 7R GURJD NWyUD ZLHG]LH GR GXFKRZHJR L
PDWHULDOQHJRG]LHG]LFWZD,QGLDQREX$PHU\N7RGURJDSDVML

.LP V 3U]\MDFLHOH ,QGLDQ" PLHP WZLHUG]Lü *H WR OXG]LH SUDZLH WDN

IDVF\QXMF\MDNSU]HGPLRWLFKIDVF\QDFMLERLFKSRJOG\FKDUDNWHUQLHNLHG\QDZHW
FDáH*\FLHXNV]WDáWRZDáDZáDQLHWDSDVMD6WDQRZL WDNEDUZQ LLQWU\JXMF FDáRü
]HFK\EDQLNWQLHMHVWZVWDQLHRJDUQüZV]\VWNLFKMHMDVSHNWyZ8MFLH5XFKXZ
VWDW\VW\NL OLF]E\ WDEHOH L Z\NUHV\ ]GDMH VL E\ü NDUNRáRPQ\P L MDN GOD PQLH
SR]EDZLRQ\P VHQVX ]DGDQLHP )DGQH VFKHPDW\ QLH V Z VWDQLH SU]HFLH* RGGDü
ZL]L PLG]\ W\PLOXG(PL PDJLL L PLáRFL NWyUD WRZDU]\V]\ LP EH] Z]JOGX QD
ZV]\VWNR 6SRW\NDM VL PLPR G]LHOF\FK LFK QLHMHGQRNURWQLH VHWHN NLORPHWUyZ
SU]\MD(QL VL PLPR Uy*QLF SRJOGyZ Z\NV]WDáFHQLH QLJG\ QLH VWDQRZLáR PXUX
PLG]\ QLPL : ZLNV]RFL SU]\SDGNyZ QD FR G]LH V Ä]Z\Ná\PL OXG(PL´
SUDFXMXF] VLZROQHFKZLOHSRZLFDMFVZ\PQLHFRG]LHQQ\P]DPLáRZDQLRP
6 MHGQDNZUyGQLFKLWDF\NWyU]\SRZLFLOLLP]QDF]QLHZLFHMQL* W\ONRFKZLOH
'OD QLHNWyU\FK V]HURNR SRMWD LQGLDQLVW\ND VWDQRZL VSRVyE QD*\FLH :V]\VWNLFK
LFKáF]\ WDVDPDZUD*OLZRüGXFKRZ\ ]ZL]HN]W\PFRPRJáRE\VL Z\GDZDü
WDNRGOHJáHLQQH,FKZV]\VWNLFKZSHZQ\PVHQVLHZ\FKRZDá5XFK

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

2MFRZLH]DáR*\FLHOHLMHGHQ']LDGHN

1LHSRZLQLHQG]LZLüIDNW*HSUREOHPHPMHVWRNUHOHQLHGRNáDGQHJRPLHMVFD

LF]DVXSRZVWDQLD3ROVNLHJR5XFKX3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQ7DNWRMX* MHVW]ZV]HONLHJR
W\SX UXFKDPL D LQGLDQLFL PDM MHV]F]H WR GR VLHELH *H G]LDáDM Z VSHF\ILF]QLH
SRMPRZDQHM U]HF]\ZLVWRFL .UHDFMD 5XFKX ]GDMH VL E\ü DPDOJDPDWHP ±
LQG\ZLGXDOQ\FK IDVF\QDFML SRF]WNRZR SU]\SDGNRZ\FK ]QDMRPRFL SUDJQLHQLD
ZVSyOQRW\ L NRQFHQWUDFML G*H ± NWyU\ ]QDOD]á SR SURVWX VZyM ZáDVQ\ Ä,QGLDQ
7LPH´:]ZL]NX]MHJRWZRU]HQLHPSRNXVLáDE\PVL RQDVWSXMF WHRUL 5XFK
WR RZRF PLáRFL ZLHOX OXG]L GODWHJR XVWDOHQLH RMFRVWZD ]GDMH VL E\ü U]HF]
QLHZ\NRQDOQ&RZLFHMMDNRÄG]LHFNR´SR]EDZLRQHURG]LFyZSU]HE\ZDáRSU]HG
X]\VNDQLHPSHáQROHWQLRFLZZLHOXURG]LQDFK]DVWSF]\FK

: ZLNV]RFL SU]\SDGNyZ ]DQLP VWDOL VL ]QDZFDPL WHPDWX OXG(PL

ZLDGRPLH Z\ELHUDMF\PL VZH *\FLRZH FLH*NL LQGLDQLFL UR]SRF]\QDOL VZRM
SU]\JRG Z GRPRZ\FK SLHOHV]DFK 3DSLHURZH SLyURSXV]HSODVWLNRZH áXNL G]LNLH
ZU]DVNL SRG RNQHP VVLDGyZ E\á\ UHJXODUQ\P RU*HP Z ZDOFH ] V]DU
U]HF]\ZLVWRFL .WyU\ FKáRSLHF QLH EDZLá VL Z Ä,QGLDQ L .RZERL´ " .WyU\ QLH
Z\UXV]DáQDZRMHQQ FLH*N SU]HFLZV]F]HSRZL]]DURJX".WyUDG]LHZF]\QNDQLH
UXPLHQLáD VLJG\ MDNL G]LHOQ\ $SDF]]WU]HFLHJRSLWUDXUDWRZDáM ]SG]FHJR
G\OL*DQVX Z UROL VSáRV]RQ\FK NRQL± RNROLF]QH Ä%XUNL´ "']LHFLFD IDQWD]MDQLH
E\áDQDV]F]FLHMHG\Q IRUP SR]QDQDNXOWXU\OXGyZWXE\OF]\FK$PHU\NL0áRG]L
KREE\FLPRJOLRJOGDüVáXFKDüLF]\WDüRRELHNWDFKVZRLFKIDVF\QDFML

-X* Z GUXJLHM SRáRZLH ODW W\FK L Z ODWDFK W\FK F]ü QDV]HJR

VSRáHF]HVWZD QLH GRWNQLWD DQDOIDEHW\]PHP PRJáD VLJQü SR SRZLHFL .DUROD
0DMD - ) &RRSHU¶D *UH\ 2ZO¶D $UNDGHJR )LHGOHUD $OIUHGD 6]NODUVNLHJR
/RQJLQD-DQD2NRQLDF]\6DW2NKD3RMDZLá\VL UyZQLH* RSUDFRZDQLDSRZLFRQH
WHPDW\FHLQGLDVNLHMQSÄ.VLJD,QGLDQ´(Z\/LSVÄ3DPLWQLN*RáQLHU]D.RUWH]D´
%'LD]GHO&RVWLOORÄ3UDZG]LZH*\FLH6NyU]DQHM3RF]RFK\´)YRQ*DJHUQÄ*G\
6áRFHE\áRERJLHP´=.RVLGRZVNLHJRÄ&]FLFLHOHNRMRWDLNUXND´3U]HZáRFNLHM
3R]\FMHSRSXODUQRQDXNRZHLQDXNRZHU]DGNRMHGQDNGDZDá\VL ÄZ\WURSLü´LE\á\

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SUDZG]LZ\PLSHUHáNDPLGODV]F]OLZFyZNWyU]\ F]HUSDOL]QLFKZLHG]5HV]FLH
SR]RVWDZDá\ SRZLHFL PáRG]LH*RZH NLQR Sy(QLHM WHOHZL]MD Ä,VWRWQ URO Z
NV]WDáWRZDQLX ZL]HUXQNX ,QGLDQLQD ± SLV]H Ä&LH´ ± RGJU\ZDá\ WH* SRSXODUQH
ZHVWHUQ\ ± ]DUyZQR WH DPHU\NDVNLH Z NWyU\FK ,QGLDQLHU]DGNR PyZLOLF]DVHP
FR SRNU]\NLZDOL D F]VWR L V]\ENR JLQOL MDN L GRü OLF]QH REUD]\ SURGXNFML
ZVFKRGQLR ± QLHPLHFNLHM L MXJRVáRZLDVNLHM Z NWyU\FK :LQQHWRX L MHJR EUDFLD
Z\UDVWDOL QD OXGRZ\FK ERKDWHUyZ L SR]\W\ZQH Z]RUFH RVRERZH GOD FDáHM
VRFMDOLVW\F]QHMPáRG]LH*\´

=DZV]HPR*QDE\áROLF]\üZNZHVWLLGRNV]WDáFDQLD

QDSRSXODUQ SUDV PáRG]LH*RZÄ=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´ÄZLDW0áRG\FK´Ä3áRP\N´
Ä3áRP\F]HN´ 3RMDZLá\ VL WDN*H ILOP\ GRNXPHQWDOQH SROVNLFK SRGUy*QLNyZ *H
ZVSRPQ W\ONR QDMVáDZQLHMV] SDU yZF]HVQHJR HNUDQX ± (O*ELHW ']LNRZVN L
7RQ\¶HJR +DOLND %\á Ä.OXE 6]HFLX .RQW\QHQWyZ´ Ä(NUDQ ] EUDWNLHP´ L
Ä7HOHUDQHN´

=F]DVHPG]LHFLFDSDVMDSU]HVWDáDE\áW\ONRIRUP VSG]DQLDZROQHJRF]DVX

L SU]HNV]WDáFLáD VL Z DXWHQW\F]QH SUDJQLHQLH SRG*DQLD FLH*N ,QGLDQ Z
]LQG\ZLGXDOL]RZDQ ZL( ] LFK ZLDWHP -X* Z ODWDFK W\FK XWZRU]\á\ VL Z
Uy*Q\FKF]FLDFKNUDMXJUXS\PáRG\FKOXG]LSRZD*QLHLQWHUHVXMF\FKVL KLVWRUL
NXOWXU LZVSyáF]HVQRFL 1DURGyZ7XE\OF]\FK:&KRG]LH*\-DFHN3U]\E\ODN-DQ
àD*HZVNL L 0DUHN .DEDW ]DáR*\OL Ä.OXE 'DNRWyZ´ : 5]HSLQLH SRZVWDá NOXE
Ä&DWDZED´ZUyG MHJR F]áRQNyZ]QDOD]áVL .U]\V]WRI=DZRMVNLSy(QLHMV]\ V]HI
Ä.RQGRUD´ Z :DáEU]\FKX : 6]WXPLH G]LDáDáD JUXSD ]ZL]DQD ] /HV]NLHP
0LFKDOLNLHPMHJRÄ6WRZDU]\V]HQLH)yáZL´SRG]L G]LH UR]ZLMDVL ZP\OQDXNL
LQGLDVNLHJRQDXF]\FLHOD6XQ%HDU¶D:3XFNX]DNW\ZL]RZDá\VL GDP\WZRU]F
Ä6]F]HS 0HVNDOHUHN´ 0QLHM OLF]QH ]JURPDG]HQLD L NOXE\ SRZVWDZDá\ UyZQLH* Z
7RUXQLX %LDá\PVWRNX 7UyMPLHFLH .RV]DOLQLH .UDNRZLH :URFáDZLX 3R]QDQLX
àRG]LL6]F]\WQLH*G\VDPRNV]WDáFHQLHL]DEDZDZHZáDVQ\PJURQLHSU]HVWDáDE\á
Z SHáQL ]DGRZDODMFD GOD F]áRQNyZ SRV]F]HJyOQ\FK NOXEyZ ]DF]OL RQL V]XNDü
NRQWDNWX ] LQQ\PL JUXSDPL 0LáRQLF\ ,QGLDQ RGQDMG\ZDOL VL ]D SRPRF Z\*HM
Z\PLHQLRQ\FK JD]HW F]\ SURJUDPyZ 793 D UyZQLH* G]LNL VSRWNDQLRP Z
JRFLQQ\FKSURJDFKPLHV]ND /HV]ND0LFKDOLND6WHIDQLL$QWRQLHZLF]LRF]\ZLFLH

0DUHN1RZRFLH353,ZF]RUDMG]LMXWUR:DUV]DZDU

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D 1D JUXQFLH ]DZL]XMF\FK VL SU]\MD(QL Z\JHQHURZDQR
SRP\Vá]RUJDQL]RZDQLDNUDMRZHJR]ORWX3RSRNRQDQLXSU]HV]NyGWHFKQLF]Q\FKQS
SRGHMU]OLZRFLZáDG]G]LNLZVSyOQHMDNFMLRUJDQL]DF\MQHMPLQ/HV]ND0LFKDOLND
Ä&KRG]LH*DNyZ´ L 6DW2NKD SRVWDZLRQ\ ]RVWDá ÄPLORZ\ NURN´ Z KLVWRULL5XFKX
]UHDOL]RZDáR VL PDU]HQLH ZLHOX PáRG\FK OXG]L QLH SR]RVWDMFH EH] ZSá\ZX QD
GDOV]\ UR]ZyM G]LDáDOQRFL SROVNLFK LQGLDQLVWyZ , =ORW RGE\á VL Z OHVLH QDG
-H]LRUHP 6WU]HOHFNLP NRáR &KRG]LH*\ L WUZDá W\ONR WU]\ VLHUSQLRZH GQL
U 0DUHN Ä&LH´ 1RZRFLH Z VZRMHM Ä2GUEQHM 5]HF]\ZLVWRFL´ ±
U\PRZDQHMNURQLFHORVyZ5XFKXWDNRWRRSLVXMHKLVWRUL Ä&KRG]LH*\µ´

Ä3U]H]NLONDODWRVWDWQLFK]U]GX
]D]Z\F]DMRVLHUSQLRZHMSRU]H
RJLH UR]Eá\VNDáUR]SDORQ\
ZJyUDFKQDGZRGZJVW\PERU]H

=MH*G*DOLVL ZZ\EUDQHPLHMVFH
]QDMRPLVWDU]\RUD]QRZL
ZVSyOQ ]HEUDQLWDPLGH
DWDN*HOXG]LHSU]\SDGNRZL

0XVLDá\QDMSLHUZPLQüODWD
GRMU]HüPXVLDáRZSLHUZPDU]HQLH
E\ZKXF]Q\FKF]DVDFKHU\*LHUND
QDQDURGRZHMEá\VQáVFHQLH

.ROHMQ\SU]HMDZVRFNXOWXU\
SU]\NU\ZDMFHMZVSyOQ ELHG
SU]H]=+3SLORWRZDQ\
=ORW± Ä&KRG]LH* µ´

=FDáHJRNUDMXVL ]MHFKDOL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

EG( SRMHG\QF]REG( JUXSDPL
PáRG]LKREE\FLNOXERZLF]H
]DMPXMF\VL ,QGLDQDPL

:\EUDF\ORVXZV]DNQLHZV]\VF\
FRFKFLHOLPRJOLVL WDP]MDZLü
]DF]OLPGU]HG\VNXWRZDü
OXEVL SRSURVWXZ,QGLDQEDZLü

1LHPDá\ZSá\ZQDELHJZ\GDU]H
PLDáDREHFQRü:RG]D± 6DWD
ERND*G\NWRPLDáZROQDFKZLO
]DIRWRJUDIL 6DWDODWDá

3U]\E\OLWDN*HOXG]LH]SUDV\
]DSDUDWDPL QRWHVDPL
E\F\NQü]GMFLH]URELüZ\ZLDG
LSUDZG ]PLHV]Dü]Z\P\VáDPL

$WUDNFMLE\áRWDPQLHPDáR
Z\VWDZ\ILOP\L]DZRG\
D* ZUHV]FLH± MX* QD]DNRF]HQLH
QRFQHSRNURZLáHESRGFKRG\

%\á\R]GRE\]NRUDOLNyZ
WLSLWRPDKDZNáXNLVWU]Dá\
E\á\WH* ILUDQNRZHIUG]OH
IRWRV\ILOP\PDWHULDá\

:WHG\WH* SLHUZV]\UD]SXEOLF]QLH

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SU]H]SXV]F] SROVN HFKHPEU]PLDáR
SU]\ZWyU]HEEQDLJU]HFKRWHN
Ä+H\D.DQDKD+H\DKDR´´

-DN MX* ZVSRPQLDáDP WUXGQR XVWDOLü ÄRMFRVWZR´ MHOL FKRG]L R KLVWRUL

5XFKX1LHE\áRMHGQHJROLGHUDZV]\VWNLHDNFMHPLDá\FRQDMPQLHMNLONXDXWRUyZ
0LPR WR Z ZLHOX SXEOLNDFMDFK SUDVRZ\FK 6DW E\á SU]HGVWDZLDQ\ MDNR ÄZyG]´
SROVNLFK LQGLDQLVWyZ %\ü PR*H WR NZHVWLD MHJR PHGLDOQHM DWUDNF\MQRFL IDNW*H
E\áEDUG]RSRSXODUQ\PLFHQLRQ\PDXWRUHPLGHDáHPQDVWRODWNyZ:ND*G\PUD]LH
MHJR SRVWDü E\áD SU]H] ODWD ÄZL]\WyZN´ 353, , QLH PD Z W\P QLF ]áHJR
NRQRWDFMH Z SUDVLH V MDN QDMEDUG]LHM VáXV]QH 'áXJLH 3LyUR ]DZV]H ZVSLHUDá
G]LDáDQLD5XFKXLQLHVSRVyEPXRGPyZLüRJURPQHMUROLZMHJRNUHRZDQLX)\FLH
ZLHOXOXG]L SRWRF]\áRE\ VL LQDF]HM JG\E\ QLHVSRWNDOL JR QD VZRMHMGURG]H $OH
F]\E\áRMFHP5XFKX"5R]PDZLDMF]LQGLDQLVWDPLXVá\V]DáDPNLONDRGSRZLHG]LQD
WR S\WDQLH Ä-DN QDMEDUG]LHM 2F]\ZLFLH *H QLP E\á± WZLHUG]L Ä1LHG(ZLHG(´ ±
']LNLQLHPXMHVWWHUD]WDNMDNMHVWG]LNLQLHPXWRZV]\VWNRWDNVL UR]ZLQáR2Q
ÄPDF]DáZW\PZV]\VWNLPVZRMHSDOFH´NLHURZDáQLHMDNRÄFKLHI´DOHMHJR]GDQLH
]DZV]HVL OLF]\áR']LNLQLHPXWRSRV]áRZWDNLPNLHUXQNL*G\E\JRQLHE\áR
ZV]\VWNR Z\JOGDáRE\ LQDF]HM´

:LHOX LQGLDQLVWyZ QLH ]JRG]LáRE\ VL ]

Ä1LHG(ZLHG]LHP´LWHVDPHVáRZDVNLHURZDáRE\SRGDGUHVHPLQQ\FKRVyEFK\ED*H
PyZLOLE\P\ WXWDM MHG\QLH R RJURPQ\P ZSá\ZLH QD NV]WDáW 5XFKX DOH ZWHG\
U]HF]RZQLND ÄRMFLHF´QDOH*DáRE\ X*\ü Z OLF]ELH PQRJLHM 3ROVND LQGLDQLVW\ND MHVW
ERZLHP NXPXODFM ZLHOX VSRU\FK ÄFHJLHáHN´ Uy*Q\FK OXG]L = GUXJLHM VWURQ\
]QDOD]áDE\VL UyZQLH* VSRUDJUXSDNWyUDSU]\]QDáDE\Ä1LHG(ZLHG]LRZL´FDáNRZLW
UDFM LVWDQáDE\]DQLPPXUHP$QLD3DMFKHUWZ\GDMHVL E\üZLDGRPD]áR*RQRFL
SUREOHPX Ä5XFK SRZVWDá MDNE\ QLH]DOH*QLH RG 6DWD FKRü SRGHMU]HZDP *H
G]LHZLüG]LHVLW SURFHQW OXG]L NWyU]\ Sy(QLHM ]QDOH(OL VL Z QLP ]DF]\QDáR RG
RJOGDQLD6DWDZWHOHZL]MLLF]\WDQLDMHJRNVL*HN«3URSRQRZDáDE\PSRSURVWX

0DUHN1RZRFLH2GUEQD5]HF]\ZLVWRüU±

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

5HODFMD:LHVáDZD.DUQDEDOD]U±]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

LQQ\ W\WXá± QLHRMFLHFDPR*H:LHONL3U]\MDFLHO"´

5DF]HMEH]VHQVRZQHE\áRE\

UR]ZRG]HQLHVL QDGVSRUHPRVáRZDGODWHJRFKFLDáDE\PSU]\MU]HüVL IDNWRP
6DW E\á QDMVWDUV]\P SROVNLP LQGLDQLVW 6SRWNDQLD DXWRUVNLH XPR*OLZLDá\ PX
NRQWDNW] V]HURNLPJURQHPPáRG\FKPLáRQLNyZ,QGLDQDSURZDG]RQHSU]H]QLHJR
SURJUDP\ WHOHZL]\MQH FLHV]\á\ VL UyZQLH* RJURPQ SRSXODUQRFL Ä3DPLWDP
Ä7HOHUDQHN´]SRF]WNyZODWW\FK.LHG\]EOL*DáVL SURZDG]RQ\SU]H]6DWDF\NO
ÄQD LQGLDVNLHM FLH*FH´ QLH SR]ZDODáHP QLNRPX SRGFKRG]Lü GR WHOHZL]RUD ±
ZVSRPLQD'DUHN/LSHFNLF]áRQHNWRUXVNLHMJUXS\Ä+XX6ND/XWD´± P\O*HGOD
ZLHOX G]L OHWQLFK SDQyZ NWyU]\ RG GDZQD QLH ]DMPXM VL NXOWXU ,QGLDQ
ZVSRPQLHQLH6DWDE\áRMHGQ\P]SLNQ\FKHSL]RGyZPáRGRFL´

3R]DW\PMHJR

ZSá\ZQD ELHJ Z\GDU]H Z\GDMH VL E\üZLNV]\ RG SR]RVWDá\FK DOER SR SURVWX
EDUG]LHM ]DXZD*DOQ\ ]H Z]JOGX QD SRFKRG]HQLH Ä6SRWNDáHP JR QD SLHUZV]\P
]ORFLHGZDG]LHFLDVLHGHPODWWHPXZ&KRG]LH*\± ZVSRPLQD:LHVáDZ.DUQDEDO±
:WHG\ OXG]LH LQWHUHVRZDOL VL ,QGLDQDPL ]XSHáQLH LQDF]HM QL* WHUD] :V]\VF\
WUDNWRZDOLJR]V]DFXQNLHPXZD*DOLJR]D,QGLDQLQD3R]QDQLHJRE\áR]DV]F]\WHP
F]\P QLH]Z\Ná\P%\áNLP ZD*Q\PLQQ\PRGZV]\VWNLFK$GUHQDOLQDURVáD1LH
SRWUDIL WHJR Z\WáXPDF]\ü 7R E\áR FR QLHVDPRZLWHJR´

.RU]HQLH 6DWD

SU]\FLJDá\ GR QLHJR L GR 5XFKX G]LHVLWNL SRWHQFMDOQ\FK PLáRQLNyZ NXOWXU\
,QGLDQDOHUyZQLH* ]RERZL]\ZDá\Ä%\áDPEDVDGRUHP,QGLDQZQDV]\PNUDMXZ
EDUG]R GREU\P VW\OX ZLDGF]\á R QLFK FDá\P VRE ZV]\VWNLP FR URELá MDN
QDMOHSLHM %\á :LHONLP &]áRZLHNLHP ZUyG QDV DOH ZFDOH QLH PQLHM ZLHONLP Z
VNDOLNUDMXF]\QDZHWSR]DMHJRJUDQLFDPL:V]G]LHJRV]DQRZDQR$SU]H]QLHJR
UyZQLH* MHJR QDUyG ± PyZL -DQ 5]DWNRZVNL ± :LNV]Rü OXG]L WXWDM Z NUDMX
NWyU]\ PDM MDNR WDNLH SRMFLH R ,QGLDQDFK FKRüE\ LUHGQLH ]QD 6DWD FKRü QLH
SR]QDáRJRRVRELFLH ZLHNWRWRMHVW6DW,PDGX*\V]DFXQHN6DWE\áVWUD*QLNLHP
V]DFXQNXGODLQGLDVNLHMQDFML´

.ROHMQDVSUDZD± JGDVNLHPLHV]NDQLH6WDQLVáDZD6XSáDWRZLF]E\áRRWZDUWH

GODIDVF\QDWyZNXOWXU\WXE\OF]\FK$PHU\NDQyZQDGáXJRSU]HZ\NODURZDQLHPVL

5HODFMD$QQ\3DMFKHUWU± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

$GDP:LOOPD)HJQDM:RG]XÄ*D]HWD3RPRUVND´

5HODFMD:LHVáDZD.DUQDEDOD]U± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]U± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

MDNLFKNROZLHN LFK JUXS 2VDPRWQLHQL ÄPDOL ,QGLDQLH´ SLV\ZDOL GR QLHJR SR
SU]HF]\WDQLX NWyUHM ] MHJR NVL*HN F]\ SR REHMU]HQLX Ä(NUDQX ] EUDWNLHP´ 3R
WRQDFK OLVWyZ SU]\V]áD SRUD QD PQLHM OXE EDUG]LHM ]DSRZLHG]LDQH ZL]\W\
3U]\MPRZDá LFK MHOL W\ONR PyJá Ä7VNQRWD ]D PRLP URG]LQQ\P QDURGHP L
GDZQ\P*\FLHP VNáRQLáD PQLH*HE\ VWZRU]\ü WXWDM FKRüE\ QDPLDVWN NXOWXU\ Z
NWyUHM VL Z\FKRZDáHP´

± RSRZLDGD 6DW ± Ä0RL F]\WHOQLF\ EH] SU]HUZ\

QDFKRG]LOLQDVZGRPXLGHQHUZRZDOL*RQZLFSRZLHG]LDáHPLP*HE\]HEUDOLVL
JG]LH ZOHVLHWRSU]\MG LSRRSRZLDGDPLPR*\FLXPRMHJRSOHPLHQLD´

0yZLF

WR Z *DGHQ VSRVyE QLH FKFLDá SU]\SLVDü VRELH ZV]\VWNLFK ]DVáXJ Z RUJDQL]DFML
SLHUZV]HJR LQGLDQLVW\F]QHJR ]ORWX Ä.LHG\ SR]QDOLP\ 6DWD 5XFK E\á Z
SRZLMDNDFK± Z\MDQLD-DQ5]DWNRZVNL± 0DáRNWRZLHPDáRNWRFKFHSDPLWDü*H
]DQLP ]RUJDQL]RZDQR SLHUZV]\ RJyOQRSROVNL ]ORW P\ PLHOLP\ MX* ]D VRE WU]\
F]WHU\V]WXPVNLH]ORW\ ,WDNWRVL ZáDQLH]DF]áR´

1DVWSQD ZD*QD NZHVWLD ± GOD ZLHOX SROVNLFK LQGLDQLVWyZ 6DW±2NK E\á

SLHUZV]\PQDXF]\FLHOHPSU]HZRGQLNLHPSRÄF]HUZRQHMFLH*FH´Ä=DF]\QDáHPRG
QDMSURVWV]\FK U]HF]\ Ä8F]\áHP EXGRZDü WLSL WDF]\ü SLHZDü L Z\UDELDü
LQGLDVNLHUNRG]LHáR± RSRZLDGD6DWRVWURZVNLHMÄ*D]HFLH´± RND]DáRVL*HZ
*\áDFK ZLHOX 3RODNyZ Sá\QLH LFLH LQGLDVND NUHZ 7HUD] SR ODWDFK
SU]\MH*G*DMF QD ]ORW\ PDP ZLHONLH ZHZQWU]QH ]DGRZROHQLH´

1LHZWSOLZLH

PyJá E\ü ]DGRZRORQ\ L ] VLHELH L ]H VZRLFK SRGRSLHF]Q\FK *URV QDMVWDUV]\FK
QDMEDUG]LHMZ\WUZDá\FKL]DVáX*RQ\FKLQGLDQLVWyZPR*HSRGSLVDüVL SRGVáRZDPL
:LHVáDZD .DUQDEDOD Ä%\á PRLP SLHUZV]\P QDXF]\FLHOHP 2GNG JR SR]QDáHP
F]HUSDáHPRGQLHJRZLHG]7RRQQDXF]\áPQLHZV]\VWNLHJR :WHG\GZDG]LHFLD
VLHGHP ODW WHPX OXG]LH NWyU]\ LQWHUHVRZDOL VL ,QGLDQDPL FLHNDZL E\OL U]HF]\
SUR]DLF]Q\FK± FR,QGLDQLHURELMDNVWU]HODM ]áXNXMDNMH*G*QDNRQLDFKMDNLH
Z]RU\ PDM QD VWURMDFK« : PLDU XSá\ZX F]DVX WU]HED E\áR VLJDü GR
SRZD*QLHMV]HMOLWHUDWXU\GRJU]HEDüVL V]WXNL]Z\F]DMyZREU]GyZUHOLJLLLQQ\FK
SOHPLRQ :WHG\ 6DW V]SHUDá Z NVL*NDFK UD]HP ] QDPL´

'áXJLH 3LyUR Z

0DJGDOHQD5DWDMF]DN6HUFHZRMRZQLND

ZZZJD]HWDRVWURZZLHONRSROVNLSO

-DNXE0LHOQLN,QGLDVNLEL]QHVZ3ROVFHÄ1HZVZHHN´V

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

0DJGDOHQD5DWDMF]DN6HUFHZRMRZQLND

ZZZJD]HWDRVWURZZLHONRSROVNLSO

5HODFMD:LHVáDZD.DUQDEDOD] ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SRF]WNRZ\P HWDSLH LVWQLHQLD 5XFKX E\á ÄFKRG]FD VNDUEQLF ZLHG]\´
'\VSRQRZDá VSRU\P ]DVREHP ZáDVQ\FK ZVSRPQLH GRZLDGF]HQLH L ZLHG]
]GRE\ZDáUyZQLH* SRGWU]\PXMFVWDáHNRQWDNW\]SU]\MDFLyáPL]]DRFHDQX,QGLDQLH
SU]\V\áDOL PXEH]FHQQHNVL*NLILOP\Z\GDZDQHSU]H]QLFKF]DVRSLVPD]GMFLD
VZRMH UNRG]LHáR 6DW REGDURZ\ZDá W\P ZV]\VWNLP VZRLFK XF]QLyZ
Ä%H]Z]JOGQLHQDXF]\áQDVZV]\VWNLHJR3U]HFLH* WRE\áDNRPXQDZNUDMXQLHE\áR
QLF D RQ SU]\ZR]Lá SUDZG]LZH FXGD 0\ XF]\OLP\ VL RG QLHJR D Sy(QLHM
XF]\OLP\LQQ\FK«'RODWG]LHZLüG]LHVLW\FKNLHG\SRMDZLáVL Ä7DF]F\]
:LONDPL´ GHPRNUDFMD GRV]áR WURFK ZLHG]\ 6DW E\á*\á ]áRWD QD NWyUHM ]RVWDá
Z\FKRZDQ\ 3ROVNL5XFK3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQ .D*G\LQGLDQLVWDFRGRMHGQHJR-HOL
NWR VQXMHKLVWRUL*HSRMDZLáVL ]QLNGLQLHMHVWQLF]\LPXF]QLHPWRMX* VDPR]
VLHELH PyZL NWR WR MHVW± PyZL -DQ 5]DWNRZVNL± « :V]G]LH JG]LH MHVWHP
PyZL*H6DWE\áPRLPSLHUZV]\PLQDMZLNV]\PQDXF]\FLHOHP1LHMHG\Q\P±
PLDáHPLQQ\FKQDXF]\FLHOLZ6WDQDFK$OH]DND*G\PUD]HPMHOLPQLHNWR S\WD
PyZL WDN WR MD MHVWHP W\P F]áRZLHNLHP NWyUHJR XF]\á 6DW L MHVWHP ] WHJR
GXPQ\´

Ä-HOL NWR FDáNLHP Ä]LHORQ\´SU]\FKRG]Lá GR QLHJR± ZVSRPLQD $QQD

/LSHFND ± FLHV]\á VL MDN G]LHFNR &KFHV] ]URELü VXNQL " 0DP WDN L WDN
NVL*N «=DZV]HSRPDJDá3R]DW\PZV]\VWNLHZ\MDQLHQLDWHFKQLF]QHRNUDV]Dá
SLNQLH ZLHORPD RSRZLDVWNDPL « 2Q QDV XF]\á WR RQ QDV REGDURZDá 7R E\á
QDV]']LDGHN1DVZV]\VWNLFK3RSURVWX']LDGHN´

1RZáDQLH6DWODWDPLQLHSRKDPRZDQHJRG]LHOHQLDVL VZRMDSDVM LVHUFHPGRURELá
VL ZWRZDU]\VWZLH]DV]F]\WQHJRPLDQD']LDGND1LHE\áDWRG\VNXWRZDQDGHF\]MD
VSHFMDOQLHSRZRáDQHJRJUHPLXPDW\ONRVSRQWDQLF]Q\RGUXFKZROLÄJDZLHG]L´7HQ
KRQRURZ\ ÄW\WXá´ PyJá SU]\OJQü W\ONR GR RVRE\ NWyU LQGLDQLFL GDU]\OL
RJURPQ\P V]DFXQNLHP NWyUHJR NRFKDOL 2EMDZ\ WHJR XF]XFLD PR*QD E\áR
]DREVHUZRZDü ]D ND*G\P UD]HP NLHG\ 6DW SRMDZLDá VL QD SU]HUy*Q\FK
LQGLDQLVW\F]Q\FKLPSUH]DFK.WR NLHG\ SUyERZDáREOLF]\üLOHF]DVXSRWU]HERZDá
']LDGHN QD ]ORFLH E\ SU]HMü ] SXQNWX $ QS ] IDNWRULL JG]LH RELDGRZDá GR
SXQNWX%QSGRVZRMHJRWLSL1LHVG]*HE\ EDGDQLHSRSXODUQRFL6DWDZWHQ

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD$QQ\/LSHFNLHM]± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

VSRVyEE\áRPLDURGDMQHFKRüE\]HZ]JOGXQDEUDNZ\QLNX7UXGQRXZLHU]\üZWR
*HMDNL VRFMRORJ± DPDWRUPyJáZ\WU]\PDüWDNDSUyE F]DVX± ]GDU]DáRVL ERZLHP
EDUG]R F]VWR *H SU]HMFLH ] ÄSXQNWX $´ GR Ä%´ E\áR ]DNáyFDQH SU]H] JUXS\ L
JUXSNL LQGLDQLVWyZ QDJPLQQLH SU]HFLQDMFH Z VSRVyE QLHRNLHá]QDQ\ L IDORZ\
RGFLQHNáF]F\REDSXQNW\FKFFÄ]DZV]HON FHQ´SU]\ZLWDüVL ]']LDGNLHPL
]DPLHQLü]QLPÄGZDVáRZD´.UyWNDUHODFMD];,;]ORWXZ3URVW\QLNRáR.DOLV]D
3RPRUVNLHJRGRVNRQDOHRGGDMHDWPRVIHU VSRWND ]6DWHPÄ'ODZLHOX]ZáDV]F]D
PáRG\FK LQGLDQLVWyZ PR*OLZRü XMU]HQLD JR L XVá\V]HQLD QD ]ORWDFK VWDQRZL
QLHRGPLHQQLHQDMZLNV] DWUDNFM QDV]\FKVSRWND6DWSRZUDFDQDQLHRGVDPHJR
SRF]WNXFRSDU ODW± ZUD]]HVZ\PWLSLVWURMDPLNVL*NDPLLSUH]HQWDPLZW\P
URNXWDN*H]3DQL :DQG ± VZRM V\PSDW\F]Q *RQ$P\]QyZFKWQLHJRFLP\
JRZUyGQDV]QDG]LHM*HQLHSRUD]RVWDWQ

3\WDQLH NWyUH ]DGDZDáDP VZRLP UR]PyZFRP ÄF]\ 6DWD PR*QD XZD*Dü ]D

2MFD5XFKX"´RND]DáRVL E\üQLHWUDILRQHLURG]LáRW\ONRQLHSRWU]HEQHVSRU\-HVW
ERZLHP QLH]Z\NOH ZLGRF]QH *H GOD ZLHOX LQGLDQLVWyZ E\á RQ ZVSyOQ\P
PLDQRZQLNLHP5XFKX1LHZDUWRZLFWUDFLüF]DVXLEH]FHQQHMHQHUJLLQDNáyWQLHR
MHGHQZ\UD]VNRURRND]XMHVL*HRMFyZPR*HE\üZLHOXDOH]DWR']LDGHNW\ONR
MHGHQ

=ORW

-HGQ ]PR*OLZRFLVSRWNDQLDLQGLDQLVWyZMHVWXF]HVWQLFWZRZRJyOQRSROVNLFK

]ORWDFK RUJDQL]RZDQ\FK FR URNX Z Uy*Q\FK F]FLDFK NUDMX 2ER]\ SRáR*RQH V
]D]Z\F]DM QDG ZRG EOLVNR ODVX D VWRVXQNRZR GDOHNR RG ÄVLHG]LE OXG]NLFK´ :
EUDPLH SU]\ ZHMFLX QD WHUHQ RER]X GRVWDQLHP\ SODNLHWNL L Ä(W\NLHW =ORWRZ´
NWyUHM NUyWND OHNWXUD ZSURZDG]L QDV Z DUNDQD LQGLDQLVW\F]Q\FK ]Z\F]DMyZ
'RZLHP\ VL ] QLHM MDN SRZLQQLP\ WUDNWRZDü 0DWN =LHPLH QD NWyUHM SU]\V]áR
QDP JRFLü F]\P MHVW .UJ FR G]LDü VL EG]LH ZRNyá JáyZQHJR 2JQLD

:VSRPQLHQLH];,;=ORWXZ3URVW\QL

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

3U]HF]\WDP\ UyZQLH* R LVWQLHMF\FK Z 5XFKX VWRZDU]\V]HQLDFK L LFK
IXQNFMRQRZDQLX QD ]ORFLH 1LH UDG]LáDE\P RPLMDü SDUDJUDIX Ä']LHFL NRELHW\ L
P*F]\(QL´ ± EH] LQIRUPDFML WDP ]DZDUW\FK MHGQRVWNL EDUG]LHM SUXGHU\MQH PRJ
E\ü MX* W\ONR ]V]RNRZDQ\PL MHGQRVWNDPL SUXGHU\MQ\PL 3ROHFDQ\ MHVW UyZQLH*
DNDSLW Ä,QGLDQ 7LPH´ G]LNL NWyUHPX QLH EG]LHP\ ]DZLHG]HQL MHOL RILFMDOQD
FHUHPRQLDRWZDUFLD]ORWXSODQRZDQDQDJRG]LQ V]HVQDVWRGEG]LHVL RJRG]LQLH
RVLHPQDVWHM GQLD QDVWSQHJR -HOL MHVWHP\ V]F]OLZ\PL SRVLDGDF]DPL WLSL
UR]ELMDP\ VL Z LFK NUJX MHOL QLH ± SRG*DP\ QD SROH QDPLRWRZH QD]ZDQH
NLHG\ SLHV]F]RWOLZLH ÄVOXPVDPL´ 5DF]HM QLH SRZLQQLP\ VL PDUWZLü R QDV]
GRE\WHNSR]RVWDZLRQ\VDPVRELH± QDVWUD*\SRU]GNXLSUDZRU]GQRFLQD]ORFLH
VWRLRER]RZDSROLFMD0R*HP\ZLFUXV]DüQDVSRWNDQLHSU]\JRG\,QGLDQLFLQLJG\
QLHVWDQRZLOLNROHNW\ZQHM PDV\ZLFSOVDMFSRRER]LHVSRWNDP\GáXJRZáRV\FK
P*F]\]QZSU]HSDVNDFKOXEEDUG]LHMSHáQ\PVWURMXNRELHW\ZÄVXNQLDFK]HSRNL´
MDN UyZQLH* SRVWDFLH ]H ODGRZ LORFL SDFLRUNyZ *G\E\P\ ]GMFL ZVW\GHP
]DSDáDOLFKFL SRVLDGDQLDÄF]HJRNROZLHN´LQGLDVNLHJRQDOH*DáRE\XGDüVL QDW]Z
DOHM KDQGORZJG]LHSRNUyWNLPWDUJRZDQLXVLSyMG]LHP\GDOHMMX* ]DRSDWU]HQL
FKRüE\ZSDVHNQDV]\MQLNLáDSDF]VQyZFRE\QDPVL OHSLHMVSDáR&LV]DQRFQD
MHVWERZLHPQD]ORFLHRGOHJá\PZVSRPQLHQLHP7\ONRMHOLZSREOL*XRGE\ZDMFHM
VL SU]\NWyU\P ]RJQLVNV]HURNRSRMWHMLPSUH]\WRZDU]\VNLHM]QDMGXMHVL SLFH
GUXJLH OXE WU]HFLH SRNROHQLH LQGLDQLVWyZ MDNL WDWD ZXMHN OXE FLRFLD NWyU\FK QD
]ORFLHPXOWXPZ\PDJDRGLQGLDQLVWyZ]PLDQWHU\WRULDOQ\FKOXEWRQRZ\FK± QDOH*\
LPVL SRVáXFK

3RFKáRQLFL ]ZLHG]DQLHP QLH SRZLQQLP\ VL PDUWZLü R WR *H SU]HJDSLP\

FR LVWRWQHJR : ND*G\P ]DNWNX ]QDMG]LH QDV GRQRQ\ JáRV NWyUHJR ]
2EZRá\ZDF]\ LQIRUPXMF\ QDV R W\P *H SRWHQFMDOQLH Z SRáXGQLH ]DLVWQLHMH
PR*OLZRü VSRWNDQLD RVyE ]DLQWHUHVRZDQ\FK NXOWXU ,QGLDQ 6LRX[ DOER*H ]JLQá
*yáW\ JXPRZ\ QD ZSyá QDGJU\]LRQ\ VDPRFKRG]LN L *H QD ]QDOD]F F]HND
WDMHPQLF]DQDJURGDDOER*HRJRG]LQLHF]WHUQDVWHMDEVROXWQLHQLFQLHEG]LHPLDáR
PLHMVFD

1D ]ORFLH QXGD UDF]HM QDP QLH JUR]L 1DMEDUG]LHM ZLGRZLVNRZ\P

Z\GDU]HQLHP MHVW FHUHPRQLD RWZDUFLD L ]DPNQLFLD 0R*HP\ GRáF]\ü GR

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

NRURZRGXWDQFHU]\ZVWURMDFKLGDüVL SRQLHüHPRFMRPSRF]XüGU*HQLH]LHPL1D
RVWDWQLP ]ORFLH Z 8QLHMRZLH QD ]ORWRZ DUHQ SU]HQLRVáR VL LQGLDVNLH ZLWR
WDFD 3RZ:RZ 3RQDG VHWND WDQFHU]\ PRGOLáD VL VZRLP WDFHP GR ]PURNX D*
F]WHU\ GQL 2GGDZDOL F]Hü SDPLFL 6DWD .D*G\ ]DSUDV]DQ\ MHVW UyZQLH* GR
SU]HUy*Q\FKVSRWND Z.UJXGRW\F]F\FKEG( WRSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKSOHPLRQEG(
VSUDZLEROF]HNZVSyáF]HVQ\FK,QGLDQ%DUG]LHMRGZD*QLP*F]\(QLPRJ Z]Lü
XG]LDá Z PHF]X ÄEL]RQLFK MGHU´ D FL EDUG]LHM Z\WU]\PDOL Z ÄDSDFNLP ELHJX´
=DZV]HWH* ]QDMG]LHVL NWRNWR]DGEDR]RUJDQL]RZDQLH]DEDZGODQDMPáRGV]\FK
OXE RSRZLH LP VWDUH LQGLDVNLH OHJHQG\ -HOL E\OLE\P\ VSUDJQLHQL GRZLDGF]H
EDUG]LHM GXFKRZ\FK SU]\ RGURELQLH V]F]FLD EG]LHP\ PRJOL SRPRGOLü VL Z
V]DáDVLH SRWX OXE ]DSDOLü ] NLP IDMN $ MHOL FKFLHOLE\P\ ZGUR*\ü VL Z
SUDNW\N ± RUJDQL]RZDQH V ZDUV]WDW\ UNRG]LHáD *G\ GRSDGQLH QDV QDVWUyM
PHODQFKROLMQ\]DZV]HPR*HP\XVLüSU]\ JáyZQ\P2JQLXSRVáXFKDüSLHQLOXE
SRJDZG]Lü]H6WUD*QLNLHP2JQLD$OERSRSURVWXZSDü]MDNLP SRGDUXQNLHPGR
WLSL]QDMRP\FKQDPDá NDZ

Ä: WUDNFLHUR]PRZ\ GR WLSL 6DW2NKDQLHXVWDQQLHNWR SU]\FKRG]L´± SLV]H

UHSRUWHUNDÄ*D]HW\:\ERUF]HM´± Ä&]üOXG]LSURVLRDXWRJUDI\ZQRZHMNVL*FH
LQQLFKF VL W\ONRSU]\ZLWDüL]DPLHQLüNLONDVáyZOXESRSURVWXGRVLDGDM VL*HE\
SRVáXFKDüRSRZLDGDQLDWHJRZLHWQHJRJDZG]LDU]D´

7RMHGQRREOLF]HVDWRZ\FK

]ORWyZ Ä6DW± *ZLD]GRU´ SU]H] ODWD ]QRVLá ] PQLHMV] OXE ZLNV] FLHUSOLZRFL
WDEXQ\ G]LHQQLNDU]\ GRSDGDMF\FK JR QDZHW SRGF]DV SRUDQQHM WRDOHW\ 7\UDGD
S\WD R *\FLRU\V QDWXUDOQLH ]GDZDáD VL QLH PLHü NRFD 0LNURIRQ\ L IOHV]H
WRZDU]\V]\á\ PXZV]G]LHJG]LHE\á3UDZLHND*G\FKFLDá PLHü]GMFLH]6DWHP
WXU\VWD L LQGLDQLVWD ND*G\ FKFLDá FKRü SU]H] FKZLO SRVáXFKDü MHJR EDUZQ\FK
RSRZLHFL %\áD WH* QD V]F]FLH L GUXJD EDUG]LHM XURNOLZD VWURQD ]ORWyZ
6SRWNDQLD ] GDZQR QLH ZLG]LDQ\PL SU]\MDFLyáPL GáXJLH UR]PRZ\ L « DNFMD
Ä6]F]HJyOQLH ;9, =ORW XWNZLá PL Z SDPLFL ER E\áD WDP PR*OLZRü Sá\ZDQLD
FDQRH 1R ZLF FR 6DW URELá " :R]Lá G]LHFL ± ZVSRPLQD $QLD 3DMFKHUW ± %\á
EDUG]R DNW\ZQ\ 3á\ZDQLH SR W\P MH]LRU]H ]DELHUDáR VSRUR HQHUJLL DOH RQ QLH

0DJGDOHQD5DWDMF]DNÄ6HUFHZRMRZQLND´

ZZZJD]HWDRVWURZZLHONRSROVNLSODUFKLZXP

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

VLHG]LDáZWLSL&LJOHFR URELáJG]LH FKRG]LáSá\ZDá´

6DWZVWDZDáRZLFLHFR

QD]ORFLHVWDQRZLSUDZG]LZ\IHQRPHQLRGWHJRF]DVXQLHSU]HVWDZDáV]XNDüVRELH
MDNLHJRNROZLHN ]DMFLD Ä3RWUDILá QLHVDPRZLFLH ZáDGDü ODVVHP 7R E\áD MHJR
XNRFKDQD V]WXF]ND ± RSRZLDGD -DQ 5]DWNRZVNL ± 3RWUDILá Z\NRQDü ZV]\VWNLH
NRZERMVNLH ILJXU\ NRUNRFLJL WRUQDGD Z\FLJDQLH ZFLJDQLH L WR SHUIHNF\MQLH
EH]SXGáD2VWDWQLRURELáWRSLüODWWHPXZ7XFKROL´

,QGLDQLFLZDOF]F\LQGLDQLFLF]\WDMF\

3ROVNL5XFK3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQWRQLHW\ONR]ORW\OHWQLHIDVF\QDFMHPLáRQLNyZ

WXE\OF]HM OXGQRFL REX $PHU\N 7R UyZQLH* V]HUHJ G]LDáD SU]HFLZNR
QLHVSUDZLHGOLZRFL NWyUD F]\QLRQD MHVW SR G]L G]LH 3U]\NáDGDPL WHJR W\SX
SRSDUFLDV FKRFLD*E\]ELHUDQHRGSLHUZV]HJR]ORWXSHW\FMHZWDNLFKVSUDZDFKMDN
XZROQLHQLH /HRQDUGD 3HOWLHUD ZSURZDG]HQLH NRQWUROL QDG SUDNW\NDPL )%,
Z\PLHU]RQ\PL SU]HFLZNR F]áRQNRP 5XFKX ,QGLDQ $PHU\NDVNLFK $,0
UHVSHNWRZDQLHSUDZ6DQ&DUORV$SDF]HGRLFKNXOWXU\LUHOLJLLSU]HFLZNREXGRZLH
NRPSOHNVXWHOHVNRSyZQD0RXQW*UDKDP± ZLWHMJyU]H$SDF]yZF]\ZVSUDZLH
EXGRZ\ SU]H] EUDFL &RVWQHU NDV\QD Z ODNRFNLFK %ODFN +LOOV .D*GD QDJOFD
EXG]FD REXU]HQLH L Z\PDJDMFD REURQ\ SHZQ\FK LGHDáyZ VSUDZD ]DZV]H PRJáD
VSRWNDüVL ]H]UR]XPLHQLHPLUHDNFM W\FKLQGLDQLVWyZNWyU\PV]F]HJyOQLHEOLVNLH
V SUREOHP\ ZVSyáF]HVQ\FK VSRáHF]QRFL WXE\OF]\FK :LHORNURWQLH DNFMDPL
]ELHUDQLD SRGSLVyZ QD XF]HOQLDFK Z V]NRáDFK F]\ QD XOLFDFK OXE PDQLIHVWDFMDPL
SRG SODFyZNDPL G\SORPDW\F]Q\PL FKRüE\ Z ZD*QH GOD ,QGLDQ URF]QLFH LFK
SROVF\ SU]\MDFLHOH XGRZRGQLOL *H QLH MHVW LP RERMWQD OXG]ND NU]\ZGD *H QLH
ELHJDM Z VNyUDFK L SLyURSXV]DFK EH]P\OQLH ÄEDZLF VL Z ,QGLDQ´ DOH *H V
OXG(PLZLDGRP\PLNRQVHNZHQFMLZ\Sá\ZDMF\FK]LFK*\FLRZHMSDVML

5HODFMD$QQ\3DMFKHUW]GQ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

3RPRF GOD 1DURGyZ 7XE\OF]\FK SU]\ELHUDáD QLHU]DGNR IRUP EDUG]LHM

PDWHULDOQ0DUHNÄ&LH´1RZRFLH RPyZLáWRREOLF]H5XFKXZVZRLPUHIHUDFLH
Ä3ROVNL 5XFK 3U]\MDFLyá ,QGLDQ ZF]RUDM G]L MXWUR´ Z VSRVyE QDVWSXMF\
Ä8F]HVWQLF\ 5XFKX E\OL WH* RG ]DZV]H LQLFMDWRUDPL L RUJDQL]DWRUDPL DNFML
FKDU\WDW\ZQHMGOD,QGLDQV]F]HJyOQLHSRWU]HEXMF\FKOXESRV]NRGRZDQ\FK-X* QD
SLHUZV]\FK ]ORWDFK JURPDG]RQR PLQ SU]\ERU\ V]NROQH GOD G]LHFL ] LQGLDVNLFK
V]NyáSU]HWUZDQLDSy(QLHM]ELHUDQRPLQGDU\GODRILDUWU]VLHQLD]LHPLZ0HNV\NX
«Z\V\áDQROHNLGRPLVMLLSODFyZHNRUJDQL]DFMLKXPDQLWDUQ\FKZ$PD]RQLLD
ZRVWDWQLFKODWDFK± ]DEDZNLGODLQGLDVNLFKG]LHFLRUD]FLHSá ]LPRZ RG]LH* GOD
,QGLDQ ] QDMELHGQLHMV]\FK Z 86$ UH]HUZDWyZ 3LQH 5LGJH 5RVHEXG ] LQLFMDW\Z\
'DULXV]D .DFKODND $OLFML 6RGU\O -DPHVD 5RELGHDX ] 'DNRWD <RXWK 3URMHFW
:LNV]Rü ] QLFK E\áD MHGQDN UHDNFM QD ]JáDV]DQH SU]H ,QGLDQ SRWU]HE\ ERGDM
ZV]\VWNLH VSRWNDá\ VL ] JHVWDPL ZG]LF]QRFL L Z\UD]DPL SRG]LNRZDQLD RG
VDP\FK REGDURZDQ\FK D WR FK\ED QDMOHSLHMZLDGF]\ R W\P QD LOH GDQD IRUPD
SRPRF\RND]\ZDáDVL ± ZNRQNUHWQ\PF]DVLHLPLHMVFX± WUDIQDLVNXWHF]QD´

6]F]HJyOQHPLHMVFHZUDPDFK353,PDSUDVDLQGLDQLVW\F]QD2ZRFHP]ORWXZ

URNX L VSRWNDQLD :LHVáDZD Ä1LHG(ZLHG]LD´ .DUQDEDOD 0DUND 0DFLRáND L
0DUNDÄ&LHQLD´1RZRFLHQLDE\áÄ7DZDFLQ´± 3LVPR 3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQÄ3UDJQLHQLH
ZLHG]\´ERWRPDR]QDF]DüZM]\NX/DNRWyZW\WXáRGODWRILFMDOQ\NZDUWDOQLN
SXEOLNXMH SUDFH URG]LP\FK L ]DJUDQLF]Q\FK EDGDF]\ KLVWRULL L NXOWXU\ ,QGLDQ
ZVSyáSUDFXMH]HURGRZLVNLHPQDXNRZ\PDXWRUDPL]]DÄ:LHONLHM:RG\´DSU]HGH
ZV]\VWNLP]OXG(PL]5XFKHPVWDMFVL QDMEDUG]LHM]DXZD*DOQ\PLSRZV]HFKQLH
SRZD*DQ\P RZRFHP MHJR LVWQLHQLD 7URSHP ÄRMFyZ ]DáR*\FLHOL´ SLHUZV]HJR
F]DVRSLVPD LQGLDQLVW\F]QHJR SRV]OL LQQL G]LDáDF]H 5XFKX : ODWDFK ±
SROVF\ IDVF\QDFL PRJOL SRV]HU]Dü VZRM ZLHG] Z NZHVWLL WUDG\F\MQHM NXOWXU\ L
GXFKRZRFL ,QGLDQ F]\WDMF Z\GDZDQ\ SU]H] /HV]ND 0LFKDOLND L MHJR SU]\MDFLyá
%LXOHW\Q 6]WXPVNLHJR .RáD =DLQWHUHVRZD .XOWXU ,QGLDQ Ä.D\DV 2FKL´ $ RG
UPR*QD]DJáELDüV]HURNLHVSHNWUXP WHPDW\NLLQGLDVNLHMLLQGLDQLVW\F]QHM

0DUHN1RZRFLH353,ZF]RUDMG]LMXWURUHIHUDWZ\JáRV]RQ\QDVHVMLSRSXODUQRQDXNRZHM,QGLDQLHL

LQGLDQLFLUZ0X]HXP(WQRJUDILF]Q\PZ:DUV]DZLH±

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

± RILFMDOQD

VWURQDLQWHUQHWRZD353,

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ELRUF GR UN Ä:DEHQR´ 5DIDáD .LVLHOHZVNLHJR L -DQXV]D :HQFOD ]DVLORQH IX]M
Ä1DWURSLH´0DUND&LFKRPVNLHJR

:LHOXF]áRQNyZ5XFKXSUDFRZDáRLZFL* SUDFXMHQDGZ]ERJDFHQLHPSROVNLHM

ELEOLRJUDILL ÄLQGLDVNLHM´ ZFL* SU]HFLH* NXOHMFHM ]H Z]JOGX QD PDáH
]DLQWHUHVRZDQLH WHPDWHP URGRZLVND QDXNRZHJR F]\ NZHVWLRQRZDQ ZFL*
ZDUWRü PHU\WRU\F]Q SR]\FML MX* LVWQLHMF\FK 1DOH*DáRE\ ]DWHP Z W\P PLHMVFX
Z\PLHQLüWDNLFKDXWRUyZMDN0DUHN+\MHNÄ=DFLDQ ZLJZDPX´$OHNVDQGHU:
6XGDN Ä/HNV\NRQ VáDZQ\FK ,QGLDQ´ Ä.RPDQF]H± :áDGF\ 3RáXGQLRZ\FK
5yZQLQ´Ä3DXQLVL± QLHV]F]OLZ\OXGUyZQLQ´/HV]HN0LFKDOLNÄ7\ONR]LHPLD
SU]HWUZD«´ Ä,QGLDQLH REX $PHU\N´ 2VLJQLFLD LQGLDQLVW\F]Q\FK SLyU
SRZLNV]DQH V UyZQLH* V\VWHPDW\F]QLHWáXPDF]HQLDPL SUDF REFRM]\F]Q\FK RUD]
SU]HNáDGDPL LQGLDVNLHM SUR]\ L SRH]ML Z Uy*QHM IRUPLH SXEOLNRZDQ\PL OXE
SU]HND]\ZDQ\PLZURGRZLVNXÄ]UNGRUN´

.DJDQHNRZLDW\ZDJLSLyUNRZHM

-HGQ\P]QDMZD*QLHMV]\FK]DGD 5XFKXNWyUHZ]QDF]Q\PVWRSQLXNV]WDáWXMH

MHJR ZL]HUXQHN L RNUHOD VWUXNWXU MHVW SURSDJRZDQLH NXOWXU\ ,QGLDQ áDPDQLH
VNRVWQLDá\FK VWHUHRW\SyZ ÄSU]\áDWDQ\FK´ LP ZLHOH ODW WHPX D NWyUH SROVNLH
VSRáHF]HVWZR SU]\VZRLáR VRELH ± MDN ZLNV]Rü VSRáHF]HVWZ ± SUDZLH
EH]NU\W\F]QLH 'RPLQXMF URO RGJU\ZDM Z GDOV]\P FLJX GZD VNUDMQLH Uy*QH
Z\REUD*HQLDGRW\F]FHWXE\OF]\FK$PHU\NDQyZ-HGHQREUD]QLHZ\FKRG]LGDOHNR
SR]DSLHUZV]HRSLV\OXGyZ1RZHJRZLDWDZHGáXJNWyU\FKV WRÄLVWRW\REáNDQH
QLHOXG]NLHQLHJRGQHFKU]WXG]LHFL6]DWDQDVWZRU]HQLDQDJLHSR]EDZLRQHNXOWXU\
RE\F]DMyZ L UHOLJLL SRNDUDQH SU]H] %RJD GHJUDGXM GR VWDQX ]ZLHU]FHM
G]LNRFL´

± MDN SLV]H -DJRGD %LJR Z Eá\VNRWOLZHM SUDF\ SRZLFRQHM

VWHUHRW\SRPZáDQLH-HOLSU]HáR*\üWHQRSLVQDM]\NZVSyáF]HQLHHJ]\VWXMF\FK

-DJRGD%LJR5HNRQVWUXNFMDVWHUHRW\SyZ,QGLDQLQDZILOPLHLOLWHUDWXU]H± SUDFDOLFHQFMDFNDSRG

NLHUXQNLHPGU0%URG]NLHJRZ.DWHGU]H(WQRORJLL8QLZHUV\WHWX:URFáDZVNLHJR:URFáDZ

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ZVNRKRU\]RQWDOQ\FKMHGQRVWHNUDVLVWRZVNLFK± ,QGLDQLQWRPR*HLKRPRVDSLHQV
DOHZFL* Z\PDJDMF\NRQNUHWQHMUHVRFMDOL]DFML=NROHLGUXJLREUD]NDUPLRQ\E\á
SU]H] ODWD SR]\FMDPL W\SX Ä2VWDWQL 0RKLNDQLQ´ -) &RRSHUD F]\ ILOPRZ\PL
SRVWDFLDPL WM :LQQHWRX NWyU\PL PDOWUHWRZDáD QDV ZLHORNURWQLH WHOHZL]MD 7XWDM
ÄG]LNL´ QDELHUDá RJáDG\ JRGQHM GZRUyZ NVL*F\FK VWDZDá VL PGU]HMV]\ QLH
SRNU]\NLZDá LGLRW\F]QLH GX*R ZLHG]LDá R ZLHFLH L XPLDá R W\P RSRZLHG]LHü Z
NLONX M]\NDFK V]ODFKHWQLHMV]\ QLH GRNRQ\ZDá U]H]L OHF] VDPDU\WDVNR
UR]ZL]\ZDáSUREOHP\LQQ\FKERKDWHUyZP*QLHMV]\PDáRF]HJRVL EDáLFLHV]\á
VL SRZV]HFKQ\P SRZD*DQLHP Z RNROLF\ L RF]\ZLFLH EDUG]LHM DWUDNF\MQ\ ER
PXVLDá SU]HFLH* Z QDVWSQ\P RGFLQNXUR]G]LDOH NRJR Z VRELH UR]NRFKDü«
:\NU]HZLDQLHPWHJRURG]DMXZ\REUD*H LZPLDU RELHNW\ZQ\PSU]HGVWDZLHQLHP
PR*OLZH QDMEDUG]LHM SUDZG]LZHJR REOLF]D 1DURGyZ 7XE\OF]\FK ]DMPXM VL
ZáDQLHXF]HVWQLF\5XFKX

7R LQGLDQLVW\F]QH XZUD*OLZLDQLH ]ZLNV]DQLH ZLDGRPRFL OXG]NLHM QLF]\P

QLH SU]\SRPLQD XSRUF]\ZHJR QRV]HQLD ÄNDJDQND RZLDW\´ F]\ LQZD]\MQHM
LQGRNWU\QDFML )DGQH Z\VLáNL SRGHMPRZDQH Z FHOX SRJáELHQLD ZLHG]\ QD WHPDW
WXE\OF]\FK $PHU\NDQyZ QLH V VWHURZDQH FHQWUDOQLH 7R SU]HZD*QLH ÄRGGROQH´
LQLFMDW\Z\ SRV]F]HJyOQ\FK JUXS LQGLDQLVWyZ ]D]Z\F]DM ]ZL]DQH ] NRQNUHWQ\PL
LFK]DLQWHUHVRZDQLDPL3R]DW\PZZLNV]RFLDNFMHWDNLHPDM PLHMVFHZUHJLRQLH
OXE URGRZLVNX ] NWyU\P GDQD JUXSD MHVW ]ZL]DQD , WDN QD SU]\NáDG OXG]LH
SUDJQF\ R*\ZLHQLD LQWHOHNWXDOQHJR 5XFKX PRJF\ VL SRFKZDOLü NRQWDNWDPL ]H
URGRZLVNLHPQDXNRZ\POXEQDOH*F\GRWDNLHJRRUJDQL]XM SUHOHNFMHZ\NáDG\
F]\ FDáH VHVMH SRZLFRQH WHPDW\FH LQGLDVNLHM 0DQXDOQLH VSUDZQL ELHJOL Z
UNRG]LHOH L FL ] *\áN DUW\VW\F]Q RWZLHUDM Z\VWDZ\ VZRLFK SUDF U]H(E\
IRWRJUDILL REUD]yZ UNRG]LHáD 1LHU]DGNR VSRWNDü PR*QD LQGLDQLVWyZ ] LFK
SRND]DPL Z V]NRáDFK GRPDFK NXOWXU\ ORNDOQ\FK NOXEDFK GRPDFK NXOWXU\
GRPDFK G]LHFND *UXS SURIHVMRQDOQ\FK WDQFHU]\ SLHQLDU]\ EEQLDU]\ PR*HP\
VSRG]LHZDüVL SUDNW\F]QLHQDND*GHMZLNV]HMOXEPQLHMV]HMLPSUH]LHUHJLRQDOQHM
&R ZLFHM MDN SLV]H 0DUHN Ä&LH´ 1RZRFLH UD] QD MDNL F]DV QDVWSXMH

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ÄZ]ERJDFHQLH R HOHPHQW\ LQGLDVNLH ]ORWyZ KDUFHUVNLFK L HNRORJLF]Q\FK LPSUH]
W\SXFRXQWU\ZHVWHUQVSRWND PLáRQLNyZNRQLF]\SVyZ]DSU]JRZ\FK´

3RQDGWR GR LQGLDQLVW\F]QHM WUDG\FML QDZUDFDQLD ] GURJL SRNXWXMF\FK ZFL*

VWHUHRW\SyZZSLVDá\VL MX* QDGREUHFDáNLHPVSRUHPHGLDOQLH]DXZD*DOQHDQDZHW
V]F]\WQHLGHRZRDNFMHRJyOQRNUDMRZHWMÄ:LHOND2UNLHVWUDZLWHF]QHM3RPRF\´
-XUND 2ZVLDND 2GQDZLDP\ 1DG]LHM )XQGDFML 791 L -RODQW\ .ZDQLHZVNLHM
Ä$QG\MVND)LHVWD´F]\Ä3U]\VWDQHN:RRGVWRFN´DZRVWDWQLPURNXUyZQLH* )HVW\Q
$UFKHRORJLF]Q\ Z %LVNXSLQLH 3R]D W\P Z Uy*Q\FK F]FLDFK 3ROVNL SRZVWDM
ÄZLRVNL LQGLDVNLH´ EXGRZDQH L SURZDG]RQH SU]H] SROVNLFK LQGLDQLVWyZ NWyUH
ZFL* FLHV] VL QLHVáDEQF SRSXODUQRFLSU]HGHZV]\VWNLPZUyGQDMPáRGV]\FK
5yZQLH* FRURF]QH ]ORW\ RGZLHG]DQH WáXPQLH SU]H] ZHHNHQGRZ\FK WXU\VWyZ ]
QDMEOL*V]\FK L W\FK GDOV]\FK RNROLF VWDQRZL GRVNRQDáH SROH GOD G]LDáDOQRFL
HGXNDF\MQHM

6DW2NK ZQLyVá RF]\ZLFLH RJURPQ\ ZNáDG Z WHJR W\SX DNFMH &R ZLFHM

SRNXVLáDE\PVL QDZHWRZ\VQXFLHWHRULL*HE\áLFKSLHUZV]\PUH*\VHUHP:URNX
F]\OLZURNXSLHUZV]HJRZ\GDQLDÄ=LHPL6áRQ\FK6NDá´L]ZL]DQHJR ]W\P
ZVWSQHJR ]DLQWHUHVRZDQLD SUDV\ SLHUZV]\FK VSRWND ] ]DIDVF\QRZDQ\PL
PáRG\PL F]\WHOQLNDPL E\á 6DW SLHUZV]\P SROVNLP ,QGLDQLQHP L± FR ORJLF]QH±
SLHUZV]\P SROVNLP LQGLDQLVW 7R RQ Z\NRQ\ZDá SLRQLHUVNLH ÄRSHUDFMH
NRVPHW\F]QH´QDVSRáHF]Q\PZLDWRSRJOG]LHXZUD*OLZLDMFOXG]LQDZLDWVRELH
WDNEOLVNLÄ6DWZ\UEDáQDPFLH*N Z3ROVFH± WZLHUG]L-DQ5]DWNRZVNL 3yNLJR
QLHE\áRZNUDMXSDQRZDáSRJOG*H,QGLDQLQWRMDNL SyáJáXSHN]SLyUDPLZXV]DFK
XPD]DQ\F]\P QDWZDU]\NWyU\NUFLVL MDN JLHVQDVNyU]HRVáD:LHPERSy(QLHM
W FLH*N SU]HUE\ZDOLP\ UD]HP 1LHMHGQRNURWQLH E\áR WUXGQR SU]HWáXPDF]\ü
OXG]LRPSHZQHU]HF]\LZ\NU]HZLüWHVWHUHRW\S\3U]H]ODWDRGZLHG]LOLP\W\VLFH
V]Nyá GDOLP\ W\VLFH Z\VWSyZ *G]LH QDV QLH E\áR" %\OLP\ ZV]G]LH 2Q WR
]DSRF]WNRZDá=URELáQDPWUDV´

']LNL6DWRZLÄG]LF\´VWDOLVL PQLHMG]LF\D

ELDOLEDUG]LHMF]HUZRQL:ODWDFKW\FKLW\FKMHJRSRZLHFLFLHV]\á\VL FRUD]

0DUHN1RZFLH353,ZF]RUDMG]LMXWURU:DUV]DZD

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ZLNV]\PSRZRG]HQLHPRQVDPVWDZDáVL FRUD]EDUG]LHMSRSXODUQ\SU]\E\ZDáR
ÄGXV] U]H(ELRQ\FK SLyUDPL´ SRMDZLá VL 5XFK : FLJX QDVWSQ\FK GHNDG
WZyUF]Rü L G]LDáDOQRü 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D VWDáD VL ZL]\WyZN ,QGLDQ L
LQGLDQLVWyZ7DPJG]LHSRMDZLDáVL 6DWSRMDZLDOLVL UyZQLH* F]áRQNRZLH5XFKX
.LHG\SLVDQRRNROHMQ\FK]ORWDFKÄF]HUZRQRVNyU\FK´SRGELDáR± F]HUZRQ IODJ
SLVDQRUyZQLH* RÄZRG]X´6DFLH$JG]LH6DWL5XFKWDPLVSUDZDLQGLDVND3U]H]
QLNRJR QLH SODQRZDQD D MHGQDN V]HURNR ]DNURMRQD DNFMD HGXNDF\MQD V]áD L LG]LH
GDOHM ÄSHáQ SDU´ 3U]H] ODWD NU]HZLá 'áXJLH 3LyUR ZLHG] L ZUD*OLZRü ]
Z\WUZDáRFL JRGQ SRG]LZX QDZHW W\FK NWyU\FK WUXGQR QD]ZDü MHJR
SU]\MDFLyáPL , ]DZV]H URELá WR ] SDVM KLSQRW\]XMF ZUF] MHJR QDMPáRGV]\FK
VáXFKDF]\

Ä*G\V]XPZQLHV]DZVNLP'RPX6WUD*DNDURELVL FRUD]ZLNV]\V\QZRG]D

6]DZHQ]yZ Z\JáDV]D SRFKZDá LQGLDVNLHJR ]Z\F]DMX PyZLHQLD SR NROHL ±
*G\E\ WX VLHG]LDá\ U]HF]\ZLFLH LQGLDVNLH G]LHFL Vá\FKDü E\áRE\ SU]HODWXMFH
PXFK\ « 'R VSRWNDQLD ] 6DW2NK SLVDU]HP SRFKRG]HQLD LQGLDVNLHJR
XF]QLRZLH QLHV]DZVNLHM V]NRá\ SU]\JRWRZ\ZDOL VL RG ZLHOX PLHVLF\ ±
2UJDQL]RZDáDP NRQNXUV ]QDMRPRFL MHJR SRZLHFL NRQNXUV\ SODVW\F]QH QD
QDMOHSV]\ ZLHUV] L SLRVHQN R WHPDW\FH HNRORJLF]QR ± LQGLDVNLHM ± :\PLHQLD
:DQGD :DVLFND RUJDQL]DWRUND V\PSDW\F]QHM LPSUH]\ « :LNV]Rü G]LHFL
SU]\V]áD Z VWURMDFK LQGLDVNLFK NWyUH WH* RFHQLDQR 6DW2NK SHZQLH GDZQR QLH
ZUF]Dá W\OX QDJUyG D ZV]\VF\ FKFLHOL MH GRVWDü RF]\ZLFLH ] MHJR UN Ä%ODGH
WZDU]H V FRUD] EOHGV]H ER LP QLH VáX*\ PLHMVNLH SRZLHWU]H´ ± ]DSHZQLDM
QDMPáRGVLSLHZDF\]EDUZDPLZRMHQQ\PLQDWZDU]DFKÄ0R*HLMD]RVWDQ NLHG\
,QGLDQLQHPPR*HLW\MHOLW\ONREG]LHV]FKFLDá´«6DW2NKXF]\LQGLDVNLFK
RE\F]DMyZNRQNUHWQLHLNUyWNR«*G\V\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDSLHZDVWDU SLH
DNRPSDQLXMFVRELHQDEEHQNXPDOL,QGLDQLHFKáRQ ND*GHWDMHPQLF]HVáRZR´

2WZDUWH SHáQH HQHUJLL G]LHFL NWyU\FK Z\REUD(QL QLH VSRVyE ]DPNQü

MDNLPLNROZLHN JUDQLFDPL VWDQRZLá\ GRVNRQDá SXEOLF]QRü 2QH MHV]F]H FKFLDá\
]UR]XPLHüFKFLDá\XF]\üVL7RGODQLFK6DW]DNáDGDáVWUyMSLyURSXV]SLHZDáWR
QD LFK S\WDQLD RGSRZLDGDá EDUZQ\PL RSRZLDVWNDPL 'OD QLFK E\á\

-DFHN.LHáSLVNLàDSDF]SHáHQVQyZ ± DUW\NXá]H]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ÄSLWQDVWRFHQW\PHWURZHSD]XU\ JUL]]O\´SRORZDQLDQDNUyOLF] ZWUREWURSLHQLH
ODGyZ ZLOND « &KRü ] F]DVHP SRSDGá Z UXW\Q SU]HGVWDZLDMF NROHMQHM VHWFH
G]LHFLWHVDPHKLVWRULHWRMHGQDNQLJG\WDNQDSUDZG QLHVWUDFLáGODQLFKVHUFD1LH
PyJá3DWU]FQDQLHJRFL PDOLQDMZLHUQLHMVLF]\WHOQLF\ZLG]LHOL ERKDWHUyZMHJR
SRZLHFL ZLG]LHOLWHJR NLP FKFLHOL E\ü± L E\OL± F]\WDMF NROHMQH NDUW\ NVL*NL
VáXFKDMFJR0\O*H6DWQLJG\ QLH]URELáE\ QLF]HJRFR PRJáRE\ ]EXU]\üOXE
QDGZHU*\ü]DXIDQLHW\FKÄPDá\FK,QGLDQ´

1LH W\ONR G]LHFL VWDQRZLá\ SXEOLF]QRü 6DWD FKRü WR G]LNL ZLHUQRFL LFK

]DPLáRZD QDNáDG\ 6DWRZ\FK NVL*HN ZFL* ]ZLNV]DQR 6SRW\NDá VL UyZQLH* ]
FDáNLHP GX*\PL RVREQLNDPL Z RELHJRZHM RSLQLL ]QDQ\PL MDNR ÄGRUROL´ %\áWR
]XSHáQLH LQQ\ NDOLEHU ÄSU]HFLZQLND´ NWyU\ QLH ]DGRZDODá VL E\OH
SLWQDVWRFHQW\PHWURZ\P SD]XUHP JUL]]O\ L SRWUDILá ]DGDZDü NáRSRWOLZH S\WDQLD
6DW2NK SRVLDGDá MHGQDN GZLH QLH]Z\NáH FHFK\ SR]ZDODMFH PX QD V]\ENLH
ÄXQLHV]NRGOLZLHQLH ZURJD´ ]GROQRü GR V]\ENLHJR SU]HáDP\ZDQLD ORGyZ RUD]
]GROQRü GR QDWXUDOQHJR ]DFKRZDQLD Z V\WXDFMDFK VWUHVRZ\FK Ä%\á
SLHUZV]RU]GQ\P JDZG]LDU]HP 2SRZLDGDá R ZV]\VWNLP 0LDá EDUG]R GREU
SDPLüGDURSRZLDGDQLD± ZVSRPLQD:LHVáDZ.DUQDEDO± -HOLWUDILáRVL SU]\NUH
S\WDQLH ]DZV]H SRWUDILá WR MDNR RGNUFLü &]DVDPL RSRZLDGDá WHQGHQF\MQLH
HQF\NORSHG\F]QLH MDN GOD G]LHFL 'ODWHJR OXG]LH NWyU]\ RG ODW VWXGLXM KLVWRUL
,QGLDQPRJOLPXZLHOH]DU]XFLüLF]VWRWDNE\ZDáR=DGDZDOLPXWUXGQHS\WDQLDD
MHGQDNSRWUDILá]WHJRZ\Mü+LVWRU\MNLV\SDá\PXVL MDN]UNDZD1DZHWMHOLFR
VL QLH ]JDG]DáR SRWUDILá WR WDN RSRZLHG]LHü *H OXG]LH NWyU]\ QLH ]QDOL VL
Z\VWDUF]DMFRQDU]HF]\á\NDOLZV]\VWNRMDNQLHPRZOWD%\áDNLHG\ WDNDV\WXDFMD
ZWHOHZL]ML± RSRZLDGDGDOHMÄ1LHG(ZLHG(´± SLHZDáMDNSLH]DEUDNáRQDJOH
WDP\ZLFSRSURV]RQRJR*HE\]DSLHZDáMHV]F]HUD]WRVDPR=DSLHZDá]XSHáQLH
FR LQQHJR WZLHUG]F *H ,QGLDQLQ QLJG\ QLH PyZL WHJR VDPHJR GZD UD]\ «
=DZV]H SRWUDILá Z\Mü ] WDNLFK V\WXDFML REURQQ UN 3RG W\P Z]JOGHP E\á
QLHVDPRZLW\8PLDáVRELHUDG]LüQLHZD*QHF]\]JRGQLH]SUDZG&HQLáHPJR]D
XPLHMWQRü RSRZLDGDQLD .LHG\ SRSURVLáR VL JR E\ SRZLHG]LDá FR ÄSR
LQGLDVNX´± RGUD]XPyZLá1LHZLHG]LDáD FRQLHGDáRVL WHJR]ZHU\ILNRZDüQLNW
QLH PyZLá Z MHJR M]\NX :LF SU]\MPRZDáR VL WR MDNR SUDZG]LZH 1R ER FR

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

PLHOLP\]URELü7RE\áRIDQWDVW\F]QH´

7DNNDZDODU]HPE\á6DWEH]Z]JOGQ\P

2ERZL]NRZHGRZFLS\RJyUDODFKLDQHJGRWNL]EDUZQHMSU]HV]áRFLWRRF]\ZLFLH
QLH ZV]\VWNR QD FR E\áR JR VWDü &]DVDPL RILDUDPL MHJR NDZDáyZ SDGDOL VDPL
VáXFKDF]H &y* NWR QLH ]PF]\áE\ VL GHNDGDPL PRQRORJyZ R KLVWRULL VZRMHJR
*\FLD " 6DW2NK XUR]PDLFDá MH VRELH MDN XPLDá QDM]DEDZQLHM $OH QDZHW MHOL
XGDZDáR PX VL ZSURZDG]Lü VZRLFK VáXFKDF]\ L ZLG]yZ Z EáG WR MHGQR MHVW
SHZQH ÄE\á JHQLDOQ\P IURQWPHQHP ± SU]\]QDMH -DQ 5]DWNRZVNL ± : VWURMX
Z\JOGDá IDQWDVW\F]QLH %\á IRWRJHQLF]Q\ SU]\VWRMQ\ GREU]H ]EXGRZDQ\ .LHG\
E\áSU]\JRWRZDQ\WRSUH]HQWRZDáPRZ QDWDNLPSR]LRPLH*HQDZ\VWSLHP\QLH
PXVLHOLP\QLFLQQHJRURELüW\ONRWDF]\üERSXEOLND]QDNRPLFLHVL EDZLáD2G
G]LHFLDNyZ SR G]LDGNyZ ± 6DW SRWUDILá PyZLü GR ZV]\VWNLFK SRNROH 0LDá WHQ
QLHVDPRZLW\GDUPDJQHW\]RZDQLDLSU]HPDZLDQLDGROXG]LEH]Z]JOGXQDQDFM L
ZLHN´

3RZ :RZ

-HVWZ3ROVFHNLONDXURNOLZ\FKPLHMVFZNWyU\FKPR*QDVSRWNDüXF]HVWQLNyZ

353,2SUyF]]ORWyZV\VWHPDW\F]QLHRUJDQL]RZDQHV UyZQLH* EDUG]LHMNDPHUDOQH
VSRWNDQLDILHVW\'RWDNLFKLQGLDQLVW\F]Q\FKLPSUH]NWyUHQDGREUHZSLVDá\VL Z
NDOHQGDU] QDOH*\ 3RZ ± :RZ 3LHUZV]H WDNLH ]JURPDG]HQLH PLDáR VZyM GHELXW
G]LNL*yUQROVNLHPX.UJRZL3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQZSD(G]LHUQLNXU2GWHJR
F]DVX 5XFK GRF]HNDá VL ZLRVHQQHM ZHUVML WHJR Z\GDU]HQLD D SU]\ RND]ML
RVWDWQLHJR]ORWXQDZHWMHJROHWQLHJRZ\GDQLDLSLHUZV]HMDUHQ\QDXELWHM]LHPL

3RZ± :RZWRZLWRPLHPWZLHUG]Lü*HQDMEDUG]LHMDWUDNF\MQHGODODLNyZ

L W\FK ZWDMHPQLF]RQ\FK QDMEDUG]LHM ZLGRZLVNRZH ]H Z]JOGX QD XND]XMF VL
WDP Z SHáQHM NUDVLH HNVSUHVM LQGLDVNLHM NXOWXU\ -HJR QD]ZD SRFKRG]L
SUDZGRSRGREQLH RG DOJRQNLVNLHJR VáRZD ÄSDXSDX´ R]QDF]DMFHJR ]HEUDQLH 1LH

5HODFMD:LHVáDZD.DUQDEDOD]GQ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

MHVW WR OL W\ONR RND]MD GR SRGUHSHURZDQLD VWDU\FK ]QDMRPRFL F]\ QDZL]DQLD
QRZ\FK V\PSDWLL 7R SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP WDQLHF SLHZ EEQ\ FHUHPRQLH
UR]GDZDQLH SRGDUNyZ ZDUV]WDW\ 7R ZLHONL VSUDZG]LDQ XPLHMWQRFL ZLHG]\ L
Z\WUZDáRFLGODWDQFHU]\LSLHQLDU]\ELRUF\FKXG]LDáZRGSRZLHGQLFKGODVLHELH
NRQNXUHQFMDFK 3RZ± :RZ WR SRPRVW SRPLG]\ ZFL* NXOW\ZRZDQ\PL VWDU\PL
WUDG\FMDPLDGQHPG]LVLHMV]\PWRSU]HV]áRüR*\ZDMFDZHZVSyáF]HVQRFL

6DW E\á WUDG\FMRQDOLVW 7UXGQR PX E\áR SU]HNRQDü VL GR WDNLHJR ÄQRYXP´

.U]\NOLZHVWURMHPLHQLFHVL NRORUDPLFHNLQ\LZVW*NL*\ZLRáRZHSLHQLLWDFH
1LHZLHOH WR PLDáR ZVSyOQHJR ]HZLDWHP NWyU\ ]RVWDZLá ]D VRE 3R]D W\P E\á
MHV]F]HMHGHQGUREQ\V]NRSXá3RZ± :RZWRIHVWLZDOWDFD«Ä3U]\FDáHMVZRMHM
ZLHONRFL L VWX PLOLRQDFK MHJR ]DOHW 6DW QLH EDUG]R OXELá WDF]\ü : *\FLX
SU\ZDWQ\P QD SDUNLHFLH E\á IRUWGDQVHUHP QXPHU MHGHQ 7DF]\á F]DF] VDPE
VDOV LZV]\VWNRFRWU]HED$OHMHOLFKRG]LRLQGLDVNLHWDFHWRVDPSU]\]QDZDá
*H QLH RGF]XZD VSHFMDOQ\FK HPRFML QD W\OH E\ WDF]\ü &]DVHP ]GDU]DáR VL *H
]URELáNLONDNyáHNZRNyáRJQLVNDDOHJHQHUDOQLHQLHRGF]XZDáWHJRFLQLHQLDMDNLH
P\ PLHOLP\ QD WDQLHF´

&KRFLD* QLHXF]HVWQLF]\áDNW\ZQLH Z 3RZ± :RZ ]H

Z]JOGX QD ZLHN L ]DSDWU\ZDQLD WR MHGQDN ] XZDJL QD QDMEOL*V]\FK PX OXG]L
XF]QLyZ L SU]\MDFLyá PRFQR ]DDQJD*RZDQ\FK Z XGRVNRQDODQLH WHM F]FL 5XFKX
DNFHSWRZDá M FDáNRZLFLH &R ]QDF]FH RVWDWQL LPSUH] LQGLDQLVW\F]Q Z NWyUHM
XF]HVWQLF]\áLQDNWyUHM RGGDQR PXKRQRU\ E\áRZáDQLH3RZ± :RZZ7RUXQLX
RUJDQL]RZDQHPLG]\LQQ\PLSU]H]'DUNDL$QL /LSHFNLFKU

1DQDVWSQ\PMHVLHQQ\P]NROHLZLFLHWDFDZ.DWRZLFDFKNLHG\6DWDMX*

QLHE\áRZUyGQDVWX* SR*UDQG(QWU\L)ODJ6RQJXURF]\VWHMFHUHPRQLLRWZDUFLD
%RJGDQ 3áRQND Z\JáRVLá NLOND ]GD NWyUH GRVNRQDOH RGGDM EDUG]LHM GXFKRZ
VWURQ WHJR ]JURPDG]HQLD GODWHJR SR]ZRO VRELH SU]\WRF]\ü MH Z W\P PLHMVFX
Ä.LHG\ ,QGLDQLH WDF] ± PRGO VL .LHG\ SLHZDM ± PRGO VL :LHU] *H
6WZyUFDZLG]LUDGRüZW\PFRUREL L-HJRVHUFHUyZQLH* VL UDGXMH-HVWHP\WXWDM
DE\ EDZLü VL L FLHV]\ü W\P*H PR*HP\ E\üUD]HP , WDN PD E\ü 3RG]LNXMP\
6WZyUF\ ]D W FKZLO ]D WR *H NU]\*XMH QDV]H GURJL DE\P\ ZVSyOQLH PRJOL
SRND]\ZDüQDV] UDGRüLQQ\PLG]LHOLüVL QLPLQDV]\PLHPRFMDPL=DZV]HJG\

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]GQ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

,QGLDQLH WDF] WRZDU]\V] LP VáRZD Ä0LWDNX\H 2\DVLQ´ F]\OL ÄZV]\VF\ PRL
NUHZQL´2]QDF]DWR*HLFKWDQLHFLSLHZZ\NRQ\ZDQ\MHVWZLQWHQFMLZV]\VWNLFK
OXG]L %DZLF VL WXWDM ZVSyOQLH SRP\OP\ FKRü SU]H] FKZLO UyZQLH* R W\FK
NWyU]\ FKFLHOLE\ E\ü UD]HP ] QDPL OHF] ] Uy*Q\FK SRZRGyZ QLH PRJ 1LH
]DSRPLQDMP\ R OXG]LDFK FKRU\FK L ]DJXELRQ\FK NWyU]\ QLH SRWUDIL RGQDOH(ü Z
*\FLXVZRMHMGREUHMGURJL3DPLWDMP\RQDV]\FKURG]LFDFKLG]LHFLDFK=DWDF]P\
G]LVLDMWDN*HGODQLFK2ND*P\UyZQLH* V]DFXQHNGODLQGLDVNLHMWUDG\FML]NWyUHM
NRU]\VWDP\ Z G]LVLHMV]\P GQLX 8V]DQXMP\ LFK KLVWRUL L GRUREHN RUD] LQGLDVN
UHOLJLNWyUD]DZV]HE\áDLVWRWQ F]FL LFKZLDWDLQLHSUyEXMP\MHMQHJRZDüOXE
VDPHPX XWR*VDPLDü VL ] QL SRQLHZD* WD GURJD QDOH*\ GR ,QGLDQ 8F]P\ VL
WROHUDQFML L ]UR]XPLHQLD GOD ZV]\VWNLFK OXG]L NWyU]\ NURF] Uy*Q\PLFLH*NDPL L
SDPLWDMP\*HQDMZD*QLHMV]HMHVWWR*HE\RGQDMG\ZDüQDW\FKFLH*NDFKPLáRüL
SRNyM´

3RW\FKVáRZDFK]DJUDQR+RQRU6RQJGOD6DWDÄ%\áRWRFK\EDGREU\P

QDZL]DQLHP GR WHM PRGOLWZ\ SRQLHZD* 6DW E\á F]áRZLHNLHP NWyU\ GRVNRQDOH
ZLHG]LDá FR ]QDF] ZDUWRFL R NWyU\FK WXWDM PyZLáHP± WZLHUG]L %RJGDQ ± 7H
ZDUWRFLV QLHRGáF]Q F]FL WHJRFR6LRX[RZLHQD]\ZDM Ä&DQNX/XWD:DVWH´
F]\OLÄ'REUD&]HUZRQD'URJD´

%RJGDQ3áRQND/LVWGRDXWRUNLSUDF\]GQ

7DP*H

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

52='=,$à,9

:2.Ïà72)6$02&,67$1,6à$:$683à$72:,&=$

2VNDU*HQLH

6DWPLDáZáRV\NRORUXFLHPQ\EORQGFR0HW\VRPVL WRQLH]GDU]D1LHPyJá

E\ü ]DWHP Syá NUZL ,QGLDQLQHP 3RGREQR QD NWyU\P ]H ]ORWyZ ]RVWDá\ PX
SU]HND]DQH SR]GURZLHQLD RG SHZQHM NRELHW\ ] 5DGRPLD ] NWyU VSG]Lá FDáH
G]LHFLVWZR 1LH PyJá ]DWHP XURG]Lü VL Z .DQDG]LH D GR 3ROVNL SU]\MHFKDü
GRSLHUR WX* SU]HG ZRMQ 6á\V]DQR UyZQLH* *H 6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF] ]RVWDá
,QGLDQLQHP 6DW2NKLHP SR VZRLP FKU]FLH PDU\QDUVNLP 3U]HSá\ZDMF UyZQLN
ERZLHPRGJU\ZDáÄG]LNLHJR´LWDNPXVL VSRGREDáR*HVWURMXQLHFLJDáSU]H]Syá
ZLHNX 1LHNWyU]\ SRUyZQ\ZDOL JR GR OHJHQGDUQHJR *UD\ 2ZO¶D± Syá $SDF]D
NWyUHJRORVU]XFLáGRNDQDG\MVNLFK2G*LEZHMyZNWyU\RND]DáVL E\üW\ONRSHáQ\P
IDQWD]ML$QJOLNLHP2LOHGODMHGQ\FK6DWE\áW\ONRQLHV]NRGOLZ\PPLWRPDQHPLQQL
SRVXZDOLVL GRSRGHMU]H RFKRURE SV\FKLF]Q ]UR]GZRMHQLHPMD(QLLSV\FKR]
PDQLDNDOQRGHSUHV\MQ ZáF]QLH =DU]XFDQR PX UyZQLH* EUDN U]HWHOQHM ZLHG]\ R
,QGLDQDFK SRGWU]\P\ZDQLH DUFKDLF]QHJR VWHUHRW\SX V]ODFKHWQHJR ZRMRZQLND R
QLHVND]LWHOQ\P FKDUDNWHU]H SU]HGVWDZLDQHJR Z SRZLHFLDFK NWyUH R ]JUR]R
E\ZDáR*HQLHZ\FKRG]Lá\W\ONRVSRGMHJRSLyUD:\NRU]\VW\ZDQLHSU]H]6DWDW]Z
ÄJKRVWZULWHUyZ´ VWDáR VL JáRQ VSUDZ SU]\ RND]ML Z\GDQLD Ä7DMHPQLF\ U]HNL
%REUyZ´EH]QD]ZLVNDMHMU]HNRPHJRZVSyáDXWRUDÄ%LDá\0XVWDQJ´]NROHLQLHE\á
]ELRUHP EDQL XVá\V]DQ\FK SU]H] 6DWD Z G]LHFLVWZLH D V]WXF]Q NRPSR]\FM
OHJHQG ]H ZV]\VWNLFK ]DNWNyZ $PHU\NL , MHV]F]H WR VNDOSRZDQLH 1LHPFyZ Z
F]DVLHZRMQ\«

7RW\ONRQLHNWyUH]SORWHNLNDOXPQLNWyUHSU]H]GáX*V]\F]DVNU*\á\ZUyG

XF]HVWQLNyZ 3ROVNLHJR 5XFKX 3U]\MDFLyá ,QGLDQ 3RF]WNRZR E\á\ WR RSLQLH
L]RORZDQH QLH ]DWDF]DMFH V]HUV]\FK NUJyZ SR]RVWDMFH QLHMDNR Z .XOXDUDFK
5XFKX D ]ORNDOL]RZDQLH LFK DXWRUyZ QDOH*DáR GR QLHáDWZ\FK ]DGD 6\WXDFMD

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

]PLHQLáDVLZPRPHQFLHNLHG\ZÄ0LOLDUGHU]H´]VLHUSQLDURSXEOLNRZDQ\
]RVWDá Z\ZLDG ] 6DWHP RSDWU]RQ\ DUFKLZDOQ\PL ]GMFLDPL NWyUH PLDá\
SU]HGVWDZLDüMHJRG]LDGNDLRMFD3UREOHPSROHJDáQDW\P*HMHGQR]H]GMüQDOH*DáR
GR ]ELRUX Vá\QQHJR DOEXPX (GZDUGD 6KHULIID &XUWLV¶D L SU]HGVWDZLDáR V]DPDQD
&URZ 6KRW,Q7KH+DQG8JRG]RQHJR:5N

NWyU\]VHQLRUHPURGX6DWDPLDá

QLHZLHOH ZVSyOQHJR URGRZLVNR LQGLDQLVW\F]QH ]DZU]DáR 3RZV]HFKQLH ]QDQ\ L
SRSXODUQ\ *\FLRU\V 6DWD EGF\ MDN GRWG QLHVND]LWHOQ L VNXWHF]Q ZL]\WyZND
5XFKXSRZROLWUDFLáQDVZRMHMZDUWRFL=DF]WRHNVSRQRZDüMHJRIUDJPHQW\SHáQH
]QDNyZ]DS\WDQLDOXN3U]\VáRZLRZ\PÄJZR(G]LHPGRWUXPQ\´GODOHJHQG\6DWD
MDNPRJáRVL ZWHG\ Z\GDZDüE\áF\NODUW\NXáyZRV]XPQ\PW\WXOHÄ)DáV]\Z\
,QGLDQLQ´ XND]XMF\ VL Z Ä:LHF]RU]H :\EU]H*D´ QD SU]HáRPLH ZU]HQLD L
SD(G]LHUQLND U 1% Z UXEU\FH Ä+,7´ ,FK DXWRU -DQXV] 5\V]NRZVNL
ÄRGNU\FLD´ VZRLFK GHWHNW\ZLVW\F]QR ± UHSRUWHUVNLFK GRFLHND XVSUDZLHGOLZLDá
EH]Z]JOGQ\P SUDJQLHQLHP OXVWUDFML Z URGRZLVNX LQGQLDQLVW\F]Q\P 1D]ZLVND
GRPRURVá\FKOXVWUDWRUyZSR]RVWDá\F]\WHOQLNRPQLH]QDQH
,P F]FLHM SU]HJOGDP RZH IHUDOQH DUW\NXá\ W\P EDUG]LHM XWZLHUG]DP VL Z
SU]HNRQDQLX *H LFK DXWRUD FK\ED ÄSRQLRVáR´ 5\V]NRZVNL ]DNZHVWLRQRZDá Z
ELRJUDILL 6DW2NKD ZV]\VWNR Z Z\MWNLHP GZyFK U]HF]\ LVWQLHQLD 6WDQLVáDZ\
6XSáDWRZLF] RUD] LVWQLHQLD VDPHJR 6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF]D Ä:\VWDUF]\áR
VSRMU]HQLHQD6DW2NK¶DE\PLHüSHZQRü*HSLVDU]LERKDWHUWRMHGQ

± RSLVXMH

VZRMH VSRWNDQLH ] 6DWHP DXWRU MHGQDN UHIOHNVMD WD QLH PD ]D ZLHOH ZVSyOQHJR ]
WUHFL MHJR SLFLX DUW\NXáyZ =D WR GRVNRQDOH FKDUDNWHU\]XMH MH LQQ\ F\WDW
Ä%LRJUDILD 6DW2NK¶D SHáQD MHVW QLHGRPyZLH L FR JRUV]D ± E\ZD *H L
]DVNDNXMF\FK VSU]HF]QRFL´

']LHQQLNDU] Ä:LHF]RUX :\EU]H*D´ SU]HGVWDZLá

ERZLHP VZRLP F]\WHOQLNRP W\ONR QLHFLVáRFL Z\VWSXMFH Z SXEOLNDFMDFK
RSLVXMF\FK *\FLRU\V 6DWD NWyU\FK SU]HFLH* QD SU]HVWU]HQL GHNDG E\áR ZFDOH QLH
PDáR 7R ÄNRPSHQGLXP ELDá\FK SODP´ SRUXV]D RF]\ZLFLH NZHVWLH ZLHNX PDWNL
'áXJLHJR 3LyUD MHM G]LDáDOQRFL SROLW\F]QHM

WDMHPQLF]HJR *\ZRWD /HRQD

3DZHá6]SHFKW6DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU´QUV

-DQXV]5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QU

-5\V]NRZVNL/XVWUDWRU]\ZUyGF]HUZRQRVNyU\FKÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QU

7DP*H

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

6XSáDWRZLF]D F]\ RNROLF]QRFL SRMDZLHQLD VL PDWNL Z .DQDG]LH D Sy(QLHM Z
3ROVFH

6SRUR PLHMVFD 5\V]NRZVNL SRZLFD VZRLVWHM ÄUXV\ILNDFML´ 6DWRZHM

ELRJUDILLMDNLHM GRNRQDOL 6WDGQLF]HQNR L :QXNRZ : Ä3RVáXFKDMFLH SLHQL 3LyUD´
6WDQLVáDZD 6XSáDWRZLF] VQXMH SRZLHü R VZRLFK WU]HFK ÄZLHONLFK ZRG]DFK´ ±
0DUNVLH(QJHOVLHL /HQLQLH D 6DW SRGF]DV ZRMQ\ VáX*\ Z RGG]LDOHGRZRG]RQ\P
SU]H] 5RVMDQLQD /RN GR NWyUHJR SU]\E\ZD Z\VáDQQLN .HG\ZX EGF\
MHGQRF]HQLH F]áRQNLHP *ZDUGLL /XGRZHM «

: DUW\NXOH Ä3RGHMU]HQLH EODGD

WZDU]´DXWRUWHMÄV\QWH]\]QDNyZ]DS\WDQLD´SRGQRVLUyZQLH* WHPDW6]DZDQH]yZ
Ä:LHOELFLHOH 6DW2NK¶D PDM ZLHOH NáRSRWyZ ] SOHPLHQLHP GR NWyUHJR QDOH*Dá
6KDZQL Z SyáQRFQHM .DQDG]LH WR ERZLHP SUDZG]LZD UHZHODFMD : GRVWSQ\FK
SXEOLNDFMDFKQDXNRZ\FKQLHPDRQLFKQDMPQLHMV]HMZ]PLDQNL«6]DZQL*\M GR
G]LVLDM GRü UR]SURV]HQL ± Z 6WDQDFK =MHGQRF]RQ\FK -DN ]QDOH(OL VL LFK
SREUDW\PF\ Z .DQDG]LH"´

7D ZáDQLH NZHVWLD VSG]DáD QDMVNXWHF]QLHM VHQ ]

SRZLHNQLHNWyU\PPLáRQLNRP,QGLDQ0DS\QLHNáDPL ± GROLQ 2KLRG]LHOLáRVHWNL
PLORG-H]LRUD1LHG(ZLHG]LHJR3RZUyFLáDUyZQLH* VSUDZDQLHV]F]VQHMPHWU\NL]
$OHNVLHMHZN ÄZ UROL JáyZQHM´ RUD] RZLDGF]H PHWU\NL ] U 6WDQLVáDZD
6XSáDWRZLF] ]áR*\áD ZWHG\ X NLHOHFNLHJR QRWDULXV]D GRNXPHQW Z NWyU\P
VWZLHUG]DáDÄ«ZUSU]\SDGNRZRGRZLHG]LDáDPVL RGWUDSHUyZ*H3ROVND
RG]\VNDáD QLHSRGOHJáRü ]GHF\GRZDáDP VL SU]\MHFKDü GR NUDMX Z URNX ]
QDMPáRGV]\PV\QHP´

7HJRVDPHJRURNXZ3DVWZRZ\P%LXU]H1RWDULDOQ\PZ

6RSRFLH NROHG]\ 6DWD ]H V]NROQHM áDZ\ SRGSLVDOL RZLDGF]HQLH Z NWyU\P
SRWZLHUG]DOLMHJRSRFKRG]HQLH'DWDSRZURWXGR3ROVNLZSLHUZV]\PGRNXPHQFLH
QLH]JDG]DVL ]WNWyU ZZ\ZLDGDFKSRGDZDá6DW'RGDWNRZRDNFHQWXMHVL GDW
VSLVDQLD RZ\FK RZLDGF]H ± ]ELHJD VL RQD ] URNLHP Z\GDQLD Ä=LHPL 6áRQ\FK
6NDá´ 'OD QLHNWyU\FK MHVW WR Z\VWDUF]DMFR G\VNUHG\WXMF\ MH GRZyG GRZyG
SRZLDGF]HQLD QLHSUDZG\ GOD SRGWU]\PDQLD DXU\ DXWHQW\F]QRFL 2EOLF]H Ä6DWD±
PLWRPDQD´PDP\RND]M SR]QDüZDUW\NXOH]SD(G]LHUQLNDUSWÄ'RNG
ZLRG WDMHPQLF]HODG\"´7DMHPQLF]HODG\]DZLRGá\5\V]NRZVNLHJRGR*G\QLGR

7DP*H

-5\V]NRZVNL3RGHMU]HQLHEODGDWZDU]Ä:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QU

7DP*H

-5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´QU

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

G]LHFL6DWD]SLHUZV]HJR PDá*HVWZD&yUND 6DWD%DUEDUD PLDáD RRMFXQLHZLHOH
GREUHJR GR SRZLHG]HQLD Ä&]\ PyM RMFLHF PLDáVNáRQQRFL GR PLVW\ILNDFML" 7DNL
IDNW3R ZRMQLHPDPD ZUyFLáD ]'DQLLJG]LH E\áDQD URERWDFK *G\ ]RVWDáD*RQ
RMFD WHQ SU]HGVWDZLá M MDNR 'XQN L QLH ND]Dá VL RG]\ZDü « 1D Ä%DWRU\P´
UHF\WRZDá ZLHUV] SRZLFRQ\ PDWNRP MDNR VZyM « 2MFLHF QLH NZDSLá VL GR
SUDF\ /H*Dá W\ONR L F]\WDá´

&\NO VZRLFK DUW\NXáyZ 5\V]NRZVNL NRF]\

ÄZ\NZLQWQ´ JU VáyZ Ä6DW2NK MHVW ,QGLDQLQHP EH] ZWSLHQLD $ 6WDQLVáDZ
6XSáDWRZLF]

3XEOLNDFMH Ä:LHF]RUX :\EU]H*D´ SRUy*QLá\ VSRNRMQ\ ZLDW LQGLDQLVWyZ

ZROQ\MDNGRWGRGDIHU&LRVE\áZLHONL± ]DUyZQRGOD5XFKXMDNLU]HV]\PDá\FK
IDQyZ 6DWRZHJR SLyUD = GUXJLHM MHGQDN VWURQ\ RPLHOLáR WR QLHNWyU\FK
ÄQLHGRZLDUNyZ´GR]DEUDQLDJáRVXSXEOLF]QLHÄ6SUDZDMHVWGODPQLHHZLGHQWQDQLH
ZLHPMDNSU]H]W\OHODW PyJáIXQNFMRQRZDüWDNLEDMHU6DW2NKSR SURVWXNáDPLH
2. ]D NRPXQ\ WR á\NDQR E\áD IDMQD KLVWRU\MND « ']LVLDM « RILFMDOQD
ELRJUDILD6DWDSU]\SRPLQDUDF]HMNLHSVN KLVWRU\MN KROO\ZRRG]N'RGDMGRWHJR
JáRV\ OXG]L NWyU]\ GREU]H ]QDM 6DWD NWyU]\ ZLHORNURWQLH SU]\áDSDOL JR QD
NáDPVWZDFK QLHFLVáRFLDFK ÄPFHQLX´ LWS´

± F]\WDP\ Z VRQG]LH ,QIRUPDWRUD

353,Ä1D7URSLH´Ä:NZHVWLL6DW2NKDQLHPDP*DGQ\FKVSHFMDOQ\FKGRZRGyZ
QDWR*HQLHMHVWRQ,QGLDQLQHPDOHWDNLHMHVWPRMHSU]HNRQDQLH«3U]HNRQDQLH
VZRMHRSLHUDPQDW\P*HQLJG]LHQLH]QDOD]áHPQLFRW\PE\,QGLDQLH6KDZQHH«
*\OLZ.DQDG]LHQDG<XNRQHPLZ\GDMHPLVL EDUG]RPDáRSUDZGRSRGREQHDE\
WDPGRWDUOL´

Ä«FKFH PLHü PRQRSROQD,QGLDQ :V]\VWNRZLHQDMOHSLHMDQD

QDXNRZF\SLV] RW\PLQDF]HMSRGSRZLDGD7RSLV] ELDOLDLP,QGLDQLHQLJG\QLH
]GUDG] VZRLFK WDMHPQLF´

6FHSW\F\ ]DSUDJQOL VWXSURFHQWRZHM SHZQRFL

SU]HVWDZLHQLDQLH]ELW\FKGRZRGyZ'ODF]FLPLWUXQáSR]RVWDáDW\ONRPLWRPDQLD
JUDIRPDQLD IDáV] 6DW2NK SU]HVWDá E\ü ,QGLDQLQHP D 6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF]
SU]\MDFLHOHP

-5\V]NRZVNL'RNGZLRG WDMHPQLF]HODG\

-5\V]NRZVNL/HJHQG\URG] VL LXPLHUDM

3DZHá*áRJRZVNL± UHODFMD]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7RSLH,QIRUPDWRU353,´QUV

.DFSHUZLHUN± UHODFMD]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLHV

-5\V]NRZVNLÄ/HJHQG\´

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

2EURQD

&]\LVWQLHM QLH]ELWHGRZRG\"2GGDMP\JáRVRVNDU*RQHPXÄ1DSUHULDFKQLNW

QLHGDMHPHWU\NXURG]HQLDDQLSLHF]WHN´

&LNWyU]\FKFLHOL]REDF]\üXU]GRZH

GRNXPHQW\SRZLDGF]DMFH LQGLDVNLH SRFKRG]HQLH 6DWD SR]RVWDOL QLHSRFLHV]HQL
3RWZLHUG]HQLDWHJRF]\MDNUHZSá\QLHZMHJR*\áDFKND]DáV]XNDüWDPJG]LHMHVWWR
QDMEDUG]LHM ZLGRF]QH ± Z NVL*NDFK Ä*G\E\P QLH SU]H*\á WHJR ZV]\VWNLHJR R
F]\P SLVDáHP QD SHZQR QLJG\ E\ QLH SRZVWDá\ DOER E\á\ FDáNLHP LQQH ± QLH
LQGLDVNLHOHF] SROVNLH´

7UXGQRG\VNXWRZDü] WDNLPDUJXPHQWHP 6NG]DWHP

ZV]\VWNLH WH VSU]HF]QRFL L ELDáH SODP\ VWDQRZLFH SR*\ZN GOD DGZHUVDU]\"
'áXJLH 3LyUR ZVND]Dá MDNR SU]\F]\Q QLHSRUR]XPLH EUDN SURIHVMRQDOL]PX X
G]LHQQLNDU]\ : ZLNV]RFL SU]\SDGNyZ E\OL WR LQGLDQLVW\F]QL ODLF\ NWyU\FK
IDQWD]MDLIDNWRJUDILF]QDRSLHV]DáRüZSRáF]HQLX]ÄG]LNLPSGHPSRVHQVDFM´
QLH E\áD JZDUDQFM GREUHJR SR]LRPX SXEOLNDFML D W\ONR ]ZLNV]HQLD
]DLQWHUHVRZDQLDJD]HW=D]Z\F]DMQLHIDW\JRZDQRVL GR6DWDSRDXWRU\]DFM7DN
ZáDQLH SU]\SDGáRFL SROVNLFK G]LHQQLNDU]\ Z\MDQLD 6DW NZHVWL ]GMü Z
Ä0LOLDUGHU]H´ Ä2ZV]HP UHGDNFMRP ]GMFLD ,QGLDQ DOH QLH WZLHUG]LáHP *H
SU]HGVWDZLDM PRMHJR RMFD 1LNW PX QLH ]URELá IRWRJUDILL WR E\áE\QRQVHQV´

7DNLP VDP\P QRQVHQVHP E\áDE\ GOD 6DWD VSUDZD VNDOSRZDQLD 1LHPFyZ Ä7R
E]GXUD 1LH FKRG]LáHP WH* Z SLyURSXV]X QLH VWU]HODáHP ] áXNX « %\áHP
QDWRPLDVW]ZLDGRZFXF]HVWQLF]\áHPZZ\VDG]DQLXWUDQVSRUWyZ=RVWDáHPUDQQ\
RGáDPNLHP JUDQDWX SRG ZVL *DáNL « /HF]\á PQLH « SURI -XOLDQ
$OHNVDQGURZLF] NWyU\ Z VZRLP RZLDGF]HQLX SRGNUHOLá PRMH LQGLDVNLH
SRFKRG]HQLH 5yZQLH* GRZyG]WZR E\áR ZLDGRPH PRMHJR URGRZRGX F]HJR E\á
GDQ\ Z\UD] Z SRVLDGDQ\FK SU]H]H PQLH GRNXPHQFLH PyZLF\P R PRMHM
G]LDáDOQRFLZSDUW\]DQWFHLRWU]\PDQ\FK RG]QDF]HQLDFK´

5yZQLHUDFMRQDOQLHL

SU]HNRQ\ZXMFR6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]RGSRZLDGDQDS\WDQLDGRW\F]FHSRZLHFL

5:DUV]HZVNL/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPX

7DP*H

-5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLü

-5\V]NRZVNL&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLü

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

:QXNRZDÄ1LHDXWRU\]RZDáHPMHMWUXGQRPLQDZHWSRZLHG]LHüVNGF]HUSDQRGR
QLHMPDWHULDá\5RLVL WDPRSRP\áHNLSU]HLQDF]H «1LHPDVHQVXSURVWRZDü
ER WHJR MHVW ]D GX*R « 7DNLH E\áR ]DSRWU]HERZDQLH Z 5RVML´

3RP\áNL Z

RZLDGF]HQLXPDWNL]UNRPHQWRZDáEDUG]RVSRNRMQLH± E\áDFKRUDPLDáDMX*
VZRMHODWDSRSURVWX]DZLRGáDM SDPLü

5y*QH SU]\SLVXMH VL SREXGNL DXWRURP L NRQW\QXDWRURP WHM LOXVWUDFML

:VSRPLQD VL SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP R SU\ZDWQ\FK DQLPR]MDFK PLG]\ 6DWHP D
QLHNWyU\PL LQGLDQLVWDPL ,QQL ZVND]XM UyZQLH* QD QLVNLH XF]XFLD WRZDU]\V]FH
W\PNWyU\PZ\GDZDáRVL*H*\M ZFLHQLX6DWDÄ%\áF]áRZLHNLHPZVSDQLDá\P
NWyU\ QD SHZQR ZSG]Dá QLHZLDGRPLH Z NRPSOHNV\ « :LHOX OXG]L FKFLDáR
]DGEDüRWR*HE\6DWMX* QLHE\áWDNLÄZLHONL´± WZLHUG]L-DQ5]DWNRZVNL«3R]D
W\P6DWPLDá]DZV]HV]HURNLJHVW&DáH*\FLHQDVREGDURZ\ZDá&y*QLHNWyU]\QLH
GRVWDOL´

Ä7RMHGQRVWNLVNU]\ZLRQH]DZ]LWHLQLH]UHDOL]RZDQH± PyZL:LHVáDZ

.DUQDEDO´RDGZHUVDU]DFK'áXJLHJR3LyUD± QLHPDPZLHONLHJRV]DFXQNLGODW\FK
OXG]

=GHF\GRZDQD ZLNV]Rü LQGLDQLVWyZ VWDQáD Z W\P VSRU]H PXUHP ]D VZRLP
']LDGNLHP Ä6PXWQH Z W\PVSRU]H MHVW WR*H ]DPLHV]DQL V Z W DIHU Z\GDZF\
SLVPD ÄLQGLDVNLHJR´ 'OD PQLH QLH PD ]QDF]HQLD SRFKRG]HQLH 6DWD =QDP JR
RG ¶ URNX L ZLHP MDN RJURPQD URO RGHJUDá GOD SRZVWDQLD 5XFKX L Z NRFX
,QGLDQDPL]DMPXMHVL GáX*HMRGQDV«%\áRPLZVW\GZREHFOXG]LVSR]D5XFKX
ZREHFURG]LQ\JG\SRSU]HF]\WDQLXWHMVHULLDUW\NXáyZPyZLOLPL*HWHQFDá\5XFK
QLH Uy*QL VL QLF]\P RG WHJR FR Z\UDELDM SRVáRZLH Z 6HMPLH´

± F]\WDP\ Z

Ä1DWURSNX´ Ä-HOL 6DW FKFH XWU]\P\ZDü *H MHVW 0DW\VHP WR QLHFK PX EG]LH
1LNRPX WR QLH V]NRG]L « 3yNL E\á SRWU]HEQ\ 353, WR ZV]\VF\ FKZDOLOL VL
XF]HVWQLNLHP 6HWD L MHJR LQGLDVNLPL NRU]HQLDPL D WHUD] JG\ QLH MHVW MX* WDN
SRWU]HEQ\WRPR*HLüZRGVWDZN"´

«EG ZDOF]\áGRNRFDSRWZLHUG]DMF

MHJR ÄLQGLDVNRü´3U]\WDNZLHOXZSDGNDFKPXVLE\üNWR SRVLDGDMF\WDNMDNRQ
ÄPRQRSRO´SUDZG]LZHJR,QGLDQLQD3R]DW\PMHVWRQSRVWDFL IRWRJHQLF]Q FRPD

7DP*H

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD:LHVáDZD.DUQDEDOD]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

+HQU\N:UyEHO± Z\SRZLHG( ]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLH´

%áD*HM3RZUR(QLN± UHODFMD]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLH´

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

QLHEDJDWHOQH ]QDF]HQLH SURSDJDQGRZH´

Ä-D ZLHU] Z 6DW2NKD L SURV]

ZV]\VWNLFK R WU]H(ZR L PGU]H P\OF\FK OXG]L ± QLH QLV]F]P\ VDP\FK VLHELH
VZRMHMKLVWRULLQDV]\FKSU]\MDFLyáLW\FKNWyU\P]DZG]LF]DP\*HLVWQLHMH3ROVNL
5XFK 3U]\MDFLyá ,QGLDQ´

Ä'OD PQLH ZFDOH QLH PXVL PLHü RUOHJR QRVD L PR*H

SRFKRG]Lü]8JDQG\DOHMH*HOLU]HF]\ZLFLHMHVWRGGDQ\ VSUDZLH,QGLDQWRFLHV]
VL *H MHVW WDNL F]áRZLHN -H*HOL ]DU]XW WHQ MHVW QLHSUDZG]LZ\ WR Z\U]G]D RQ
6DWRZLVWUDV]Q NU]\ZG «QDOH*\PXVL MDNL V]DFXQHN]ZáDV]F]DGODWHJR*H
MHVWZVG]LZ\PZLHNXQRUPDOQLHOXG]LHQLSRGFLQDM QyJVWDUFRP´

Ä$VNGZ

QLPWHQGXFKLQGLDVNLWDNLZ\F]XZDOQ\ZMHJRNVL*NDFK"'ODF]HJRW\OHODWSR
G]LH G]LVLHMV]\SRFKáDQLDM QDVMHJRZVSRPQLHQLDSU]HODQHQDSDSLHUZQLHMHGQHM
NVL*FH" 'ODF]HJR QLHGD VRELH VSRNRMX] W\PLJDZGDPLR VZRLP G]LHFLVWZLH"
«PR*HGODWHJR*HMHJRSRFKRG]HQLHLSU]HV]áRüQLHGDMHPXVSRNRMX"´

:LNV]RüLQGLDQLVWyZPLDáDLZFL* PDRJURPQ\V]DFXQHNGOD6DWD]DWRFR]URELá
]DWRMDNLE\á.ZHVWLDWHJRNLPE\áQLHE\áDLQLHMHVWGODQLHFKWDNDLVWRWQD,QDF]HM
SRGFKRG]LOLGRWHJRSU]\MDFLHOH6DWD:V]HONLHRVNDU*HQLDSRGDGUHVHPLFKPLVWU]D
RGELHUDOL EDUG]R RVRELFLH SU]H*\ZDOL MH MDN RQ EDUG]R EROHQLH 6]F]HJyOQLH
WUXGQRLP]UR]XPLHüWHRUL ÄJKRVWZULWHU¶yZ´
Ä1LHPXVLDáHPF]\WDüMHJRNVL*HN± ZVSRPLQD-DQ± 3R]DÄ=LHPL 6áRQ\FK6NDá´
NWyU SU]HF]\WDáHP VDP E\áHPZLDGNLHP MDN SR NROHL SRZVWDM ZV]\VWNLH MHJR
NVL*NL=DQLPNVL*NDZ\V]áD]QDOLP\M QDSDPLüGODWHJR*HXZLHOELDáQDPMH
F]\WDü 3U]\MH*G*DOLP\ RQ F]\WDá D SRWHP S\WDá FR R W\P VG]LP\´

Ä

:LG]LDáHP MHJR UNRSLV\ SRWZLHUG]D $QLD 3DMFKHUW 6DP SLVDá VZRMH NVL*NL
ZáDVQRUF]QLH1LHMHVWHPVRELHZVWDQLHZ\REUD]LüV\WXDFML*HRQSLV]HDNWR PX
G\NWXMH $OER *H SRGSLV\ZDá VL SRG FXG]\P RSRZLDGDQLHP 7R QLHUHDOQH´

3RGREQHUHDNFMHLJáRV\ Z\ZRá\ZDáRKDVáRÄ6DW G\OHWDQW´Ä1LyVáZLHONLEU]HPL
:\PDJDQRRGQLHJR*HE\ZLHG]LDáZLFHM%\á,QGLDQLQHPPXVLDáZLHG]LHüZLFHM
&RWRE\áE\]DZVW\GJG\E\P]DS\WDá,QGLDQLQDRFRFRJRGRW\F]\DRQE\QLH

-DFHN0D]XUNLHZLF]± 7DP*H

=RILD2VLND± 7DP*H

0LFKDá0L]LVNL± 7DP*H

.DUROLQD6WHQND± 7DP*H

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR ]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD$QQ\3DMFKHUW]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ZLHG]LDá1LHZD*QHF]\GRUDVWDáZ3ROVFHQD6\EHULLF]\ Z.DQDG]LH7DNLE\á
VWHUHRW\S ,QGLDQLQSRZLQLHQZLHG]LHüZV]\VWNRRVRELH-HOLMHVW$SDF]HPWRQLH
SU]HV]NDG]D*HE\ZLHG]LDáR&]HMHQDFK± ZVSRPLQDÄ1LHG(ZLHG(´± EDUG]RWR
SU]H*\ZDá1LJG\QLHE\áFKRG]F HQF\NORSHGL1LHVSRVyEZLHG]LHüZV]\VWNLHJR
$OHJáXSLDVSUDZD NWR FL]DGDMHS\WDQLHDW\QLHZLHV]FRRGSRZLHG]LHü0yZLV]
E\OHFR*HE\GDQRFLVSRNyM6WGWHRVNDU*HQLD´

Ä 6DW QLJG\ QLH PyZLá*H MHVW HNVSHUWHP RG VSUDZ LQGLDVNLFK *H R ZV]\VWNLFK
,QGLDQDFKZV]\VWNRZLH6DW]QDáW\FK,QGLDQNWyU\FK]QDáRQLFKZLHG]LDáGX*R
-HOLFKRG]LRSR]RVWDá\FK XF]\áVL ]QDPLS\WDáZLFMHOLNWR PyZL*HRQ
QLHZLHG]LDáZV]\VWNLHJRWRPDUDFMH7\ONRQLHUR]XPLHPGODF]HJRWRPLDáE\E\ü
]DU]XWZREHF6DWD´

$ MDN WR MHVW ] QDMGRWNOLZV]\P ]DU]XWHP" 6NG Z MDNL VSRVyE 6]DZDQH]L

]QDOH(OL VL Z .DQDG]LH" 1D WR S\WDQLH RGSRZLHG]LDá .ODXGLXV] -DQNRZVNL Ä
.ODXGLXV]Z\MDQLDWHZV]\VWNLHZWSOLZRFLNWyUHOXG]LHPLHOLWHELDáHSODP\Z
KLVWRULL6DWD RSRZLDGD&\SULDQZLWHN .ODXGLXV]]QD6DWDEDUG]RGáXJRVSG]LOL
]VRE PQyVWZRF]DVX.ODXGLXV]E\áQDW\OHXSDUW\LZ\WUZDá\*HFKFLDáSR]QDü
GRNáDGQLH 6DWRZ KLVWRUL -H(G]Lá SR FDá\FK 6WDQDFK UR]PDZLDá ] OXG(PL
RGZLHG]DáPX]HDLQVW\WXW\DQWURSRORJLF]QH6]XNDáQDMGUREQLHMV]\FKLQIRUPDFMLD*
ZNRFXWRZV]\VWNR]DF]áRVL XNáDGDüZORJLF]Q FDáRü2SRZLHG]LDáPL*H
E\á RGáDP 6KDZQHH NWyU\ XZL]LOL 6LRX[¶RZLH X QLFK QD]\ZDá VL 6KDZDOD
3y(QLHM]QDOH(OLVL X+XQNSDSyZZJUXSLH6LHG]FHJR%\NDNWyUDZ\HPLJURZDáD
GR.DQDG\WDPE\OLMX* ]DV\PLORZDQL]/DNRWDPL0LHOLVZyMM]\NPyZLOLSR
V]DXQLVNX DOH SU]HMOL RG QLFK VWURMH FHUHPRQLH LWG 7R VL F]VWR ]GDU]DáR´

6áRZD &\SULDQD D W\P VDP\P RGNU\FLD .ODXGLXV]D -DQNRZVNLHJR SRWZLHUG]D
%DUWRV] 6WUDQ] NWyU\ ]D RFHDQHP ZUyG ,QGLDQ VSG]Lá VSRU\ NDZDáHN VZRMHJR
*\FLD Ä/GXMFZ6WDQDFKWURFK SRGUy*RZDáHP2G.DQDG\ SR1RZ\ 0HNV\N
.LHG\ ]QyZ WUDILáHP GR UH]HUZDWX UR]P\ODáHP R SRFKRG]HQLX 6DWD F]\ WR
ZV]\VWNRMHVWPR*OLZH2Wy* MHVW0LJUDFMDMHVWRJURPQDPLHV]DQNLQDMG]LZQLHMV]H
3RG]L G]LH PDP\WHJRSU]\NáDG\-HOLNWR PyZL*HMHVWÄIXOOEORRG´WRMX*

5HODFMD:LHVáDZD.DUQDEDOD]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD$QQ\3DMFKHUW

5HODFMD&\SULDQDZLWND]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

ZLHP *H MHVW WR E]GXUD 3DWU]F QD KLVWRUL SOHPLRQ SUHU\MQ\FK QRQ VWRS E\á\
QDMD]G\ NUDG]LH*H NRELHW Z\PLDQ\ GyEU PDWHULDOQ\FK :UyG 1DYDKyZ
VSRWNDáHPSHZQHJR6]DZDQH]D'DYLGDE\áWDPQDXF]\FLHOHPPX]\NL3RMHGQ\P
] PHHWLQJyZ ]DF]áHP ] QLP UR]PDZLDü R 6DFLH 2Q ]URELá ZLHONLH RF]\ L
SRZLHG]LDá Z WDNLP UD]LH 6DW MHVW QDMVWDUV]\P 6]DZDQH]HP ER SOHPL
XPLHUD.LHG\ .ODXGLXV] UR]SRF]á VZRMH EDGDQLD ZLHG]LDá W\ONR *H PLJUDFMD
SRV]áDSU]H]0LVVLVVLSL6]XNDáMDNLHMNROZLHNZ]PLDQNLZSDSLHUDFKELEOLRWHNDFK
SU]HND]DFK7DNGRJU]HEDáVL GR6LRX[¶yZ$OHQLHZLHG]LDáFRVWDáRVL ]GUXJ
JUXS NWyUD QLH SRáF]\áD VL ] /DNRWDPL 1D WR S\WDQLH RGSRZLHG]LDá 'DYLG
'UXJD JUXSD ]áF]\áD VL ] $SDF]DPL -DNLH V]HüG]LHVLW SURFHQW KLVWRULL
SOHPLRQQLHMHVWVSLVDQDSU]HDQWURSRORJyZF]\KLVWRU\NyZ/XG]LHGRG]LVLHMV]HJR
GQLDWU]\PDM W ZLHG] W\NR L Z\áF]QLHGOD VLHELH 'DYLG RSRZLDGDá PL*H ]QD
6]DZDQH]yZ ] 2NODKRP\ F]DVyZ JG\ ZV]\VF\ MX* WUDILOL GR UH]HUZDWyZ 7DP
SRGREQR MHVW PDWND NODQRZD NWyUD PD SRQDG RVLHPG]LHVLW ODW L FDáD KLVWRULH Z
MHGQ\PSDOXV]NX7DKLVWRULDQLJG]LHQLHMHVWVSLVDQD :UDFDMFGR6DWD MHVWHP
ZLFLHSU]HNRQDQ\*HMHJRKLVWRULDMHVWSUDZG]LZD-HOLNWR XFLHNDáLFKFLDáVL
XNU\ü QDZHW WDN GDOHNR MDN Z .DQDG]LH WR PLDá ZV]HONLHV]DQVH SRZRG]HQLD $
MHV]F]HGZLHFLHODWWHPX QLHE\áRSUREOHPyZ´

3U]\MDFLHOH 6DWD ] QLHFLHUSOLZRFL F]HNDM QD SROVND SUHPLHU ILOPX

GRNXPHQWDOQHJR R MHJR *\FLX UH*\VHULL ZáDQLH .ODXGLXV]D -DQNRZVNLHJR 7R
QD]ZLVNRQLHMHVWMHGQDNSRZV]HFKQLH]QDQHZURGRZLVNXLQGLDQLVW\F]Q\P
Ä 3U]HND] ZHUEDOQ\´ R Z\QLNDFK MHJR EDGD PR*H E\ü QLHZ\VWDUF]DMF\ GOD
]DWZDUG]LDá\FKVFHSW\NyZ'ODWHJRSRGDMHVL UyZQLH* GRZRG\]XSHáQLHRGPLHQQHM
QDWXU\QSIDNW*H6DW]HVWDU]DáVL MDN,QGLDQLQ*H PLDáW\SRZ\ ÄRUOLQRV´*H
PLDáQLDG\NRORUVNyU\QLHá\VLDáMDNLQQLSDQRZLHZMHJRZLHNXLWUXGQRE\áRX
QLHJR]QDOH(ü]DURVWÄ7\FKNLONDU]HF]\GHF\GXMHZHGáXJPQLHRW\P*H6DWE\á
ÄPDGHLQ$PHULFD´´

PyZL-DQ5]DWNRZVNL

0yZL VL*H NáDPVWZR PD NUyWNLHQRJL-HOL NWR XSLHUD VL SU]\ W\P*H

6WDQLVáDZ 6XSáDWRZLF] Z\P\OLá VZyM *\FLRU\V WDN VDPR MDN KLVWRULH ERKDWHUyZ

5HODFMD%DUWRV]D6WUDQ]D]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

VZ\FKNVL*HNWREG]LHPXVLDáSU]\]QDü*HQRJLWHJRNáDPVWZDV LPSRQXMF\FK
UR]PLDUyZ2V]XVWZRPLDáRE\WUZDüSRQDGSyáZLHNX-DNWRVL VWDáR*HZNUDMXZ
NWyU\PPyZLVL*HÄMDNZHMG]LHV]Z\VNRNWRVSDGDüEG]LHV]GáXJRDXSDGHN
EG]LH EROHVQ\´ QLH ]QDOD]á VL DQL MHGHQ F]áRZLHN NWyU\ E\ ZVWDá L SXEOLF]QLH
JáRQR L Z\UD(QLH SRZLHG]LDá Ä=QDP WHJR F]áRZLHND 2Q NáDPLH 1LH MHVW
,QGLDQLQHPMHVW]3ROVNL0DPQDWRGRZRG\´"1LNWWDNLVL QLH]QDOD]áQLNWWHJR
QLH SRZLHG]LDá$OHJG\E\ Ä *G\E\ VL RND]DáR*H6DWQLHE\á,QGLDQLQHPWR
SDGáE\PMHV]F]HUD]SU]HGQLPQDNRODQDERWR]QDF]\áRE\*HE\áGZDWU]\UD]\
ZLNV]\ QL* PL VL Z\GDZDáR *HE\ W\FK ZV]\VWNLFK OXG]L QD FDá\P ZLHFLH
SRQDPDZLDüLVSUDZLü E\SU]H]W\OHODWNáDPDOLGODQLHJR´

,ELGHP

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

=$.2&=(1,(

Ä.D*G\,QGLDQLQF]XMHNLHG\ZQDWXUDOQ\VSRVyESU]\MG]LHGRQLHJRPLHUü

:WHG\ ]DF]\QD SLHZDü SLH .LHG\ VNRF]\ XPLHUD -D WH* EG WR F]Xá L
]DSLHZDPVZRM,XPUNLHG\VNRF]:LHPWR1DSHZQR´

2Q NRFKDá*\FLH 'DZDá WHPX Z\UD] EDUG]R F]VWR $NW\ZQ\ HQHUJLF]Q\

ZHVRá\F]áRZLHN6DW2NKGRNRQDáZ FLJXNLONXG]LHVLFLXODWMDNLHSU]\V]áRPX
VSG]LüSRGNDQDG\MVNLPLSROVNLPQLHEHPU]HF]\ ZLHONLFK7\PFRURELáL MDNL
E\á ]DVáX*\á VRELH QD V]DFXQHN ZLHOX 1LH PXVLDá RGF]XZDü*DOX *H QLH ]RVWDá
ZRMRZQLNLHPVZRMHJRSOHPLHQLDERE\áQLPFDáHVZRMH*\FLH2WRZFRZLHU]\á
ZDOF]\áWRPDKDZNLHPNDUDELQHPLSLyUHP'OD,QGLDQ]URELáZLFHMZ3ROVFHQL*
PyJáE\ ]G]LDáDü Z .DQDG]LH Ä,QGLDQLQ ZV]\VWNR ]DF]\QD QDMSLHUZ WDFHP GOD
:LHONLHJR 6WZyUF\ SLHQL GOD :LHONLHJR 6WZyUF\ D GRSLHUR SRWHP UREL WR FR
SRZLQLHQ]URELüF]\SRORZDüF]\V]\üF]\VWDZLDüWLSL%DUG]RSUDJQáE\P
*HE\FLH]UR]XPLHOLPyMQDUyG*HE\FLHSU]HNRQDOLVL*HFL,QGLDQLHZFDOHQLHV
WDF\ (OL´

PyZLá 6DW RWZLHUDMF 0X]HXP ,QGLDQ 3yáQRFQRDPHU\NDVNLFK

VZRMHJR LPLHQLD ZU]HQLD U Z :\P\VáRZLH NRáR 7XFKROL 1D FLH*FH
VZRMHJR*\FLDRWZLHUDá]XSHáQLHLQQHFKRüQLHPQLHMUHDOQHEUDP\WDPWHJRZLDWD
EXGRZDá SRPQLNL SU]HV]áRFL VZRMHJR QDURGX NXOW\ZRZDá MHJR WUDG\FMH EGF
VWUD*QLNLHP V]DFXQNX GOD VZRLFK EUDFL %\á UyZQLH* NDWDOL]DWRUHP SROVNLHM
LQGLDQLVW\NL QLH]PRUGRZDQ\P SRSXODU\]DWRUHP NXOWXU\ 1DURGyZ 7XE\OF]\FK
DPEDVDGRUHP,QGLDQ:NUDMXLSR]DMHJRJUDQLFDPL
']LNL QLHPX ZLHOX*\áR LQDF]HMZHVHOHMEDUZQLHM%\áPLVWU]HP ZH ZVSDQLDáHM
V]NROH± V]NROHWROHUDQFMLGODRGPLHQQRFLGODGUXJLHJRF]áRZLHNDLRWDF]DMFHJR
JR*\ZHJRZLDWDSU]\URG\:VND]\ZDáVZRLPXF]QLRPSU]\MDFLRáRPFHOLV]HGá]
QLPLGURJ VHUFD$VHUFHPLDáZLHONLHLRWZDUWHQDOXG]L
-HGQ\FKIDVF\QRZDáERNLHG\SU]HPDZLDáZVWURMXLSLyURSXV]XÄSRZDJDLPDMHVWDW
GDZQ\FK ZRG]yZ ELá\ ] MHJR REOLF]D´

LQQL NRFKDOL JR QDZHW ZWHG\ JG\

3DZHá6]SHFKW6DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU´1UUV

$QWRQL.URVQ\3RPLHV]NDüZWLSLÄ0Dá\*Rü1LHG]LHOQ\´UV

*U]HJRU]6WUDQ]&]HUZRQHQDELDáRÄ3R]QDQLDN´V

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

SLyURSXV] WUDILDá GR SUDOQL :FL* E\á W\P VDP\P F]áRZLHNLHP 'REU\P
F]áRZLHNLHP

%\üPR*HF]Xá*HMHJRPLVMDMHVWMX* VSHáQLRQD*HF]DVRGHMüQD]DVáX*RQ\

RGSRF]\QHN : RVWDWQLFK ODWDFK JG\ VSRW\NDá VL ] SU]\MDFLyáPL UR]GDZDá LP
GURJRFHQQHSUH]HQW\SDPLWNL)HJQDáVL=DURNPRJOLE\VL SU]HFLH* QLHVSRWNDü
$QLD L 'DUHN /LSHFF\ RWU]\PDOL RG QLHJR PLG]\ LQQ\PL REUD] SU]HGVWDZLDMF\
VWDUHJR,QGLDQLQDLMHJRZLRVN:GHG\NDFML6DWQDSLVDáÄ$E\FLHJG\SU]HPLQ
SDPLWDOLRPQLH´

2GV]HGáOLSDURNXZ6]SLWDOX0DU\QDUNL:RMHQQHMZ*GDVNX%\ü

PR*HXGDáRPXVL ]DSLHZDüVZRM SLH%\üPR*HE\áRQL FDáHMHJR*\FLH

Ä%G]LHPLJREUDNRZDáRV]F]HJyOQLHQDRJyOQRSROVNLFK]ORWDFK7HUD]QLH

PDP\ 6WDUV]\]Q\ LGROL 1LH ZLHP MDN PDP WR SRZLHG]LHü 7R E\áR WDNLH
QDWXUDOQH*HE\áWHQ1DV]3LHUZV]\1DMVWDUV]\.RFKDQ\´

7RVPXWQDSUDZGD

L ZLHOX LQGLDQLVWyZ ]JRG]LáRE\ VL ] -DQHP 6DW SR]RVWDZLá 353, EH] VWDUV]\]Q\
EH] PGURFL VZRLFK VLZ\FK ZáRVyZ EH] PRF\ L HQHUJLL NWyU WDP ZQRVLá EH]
MHJR GXV]\ 2F]\ZLFLH MHVW Z 5XFKX JURV ZVSDQLDá\FK OXG]L NWyU]\ ] ]DSDáHP
JRGQ\P SRG]LZX UREL ZLHOH Z NZHVWLL SRSXODU\]DFML NXOWXU\ WXE\OF]\FK
$PHU\NDQyZ F]\ SRPRF\ GOD QLFK NWyU]\ZLDGF] MDN QDMOHSLHM R SU]\V]áRFL
5XFKX $OHZUyG QLFK SR SURVWX QLH PD ']LDGND 3U]\QDMPQLHM WDN PRJáRE\ VL
Z\GDZDüQDSLHUZV]\U]XWRND&]\MHVWWDNQDSHZQR"&]\Ä]áDPDQDQDGJUREHP
SDáND EEQD NRF]\ KLVWRUL )\FLD´

" 3R]RVWDZLá SR VRELH W\OH SDPLWHN

ZVSRPQLH LOXG]LNWyU]\ JRNRFKDOLLV]DQRZDOL*HQLJG\ WDNQDSUDZG RGQLFK
QLHRGV]HGá:FL* REHFQ\MHVWZLFKSDPLFL*\MHZVZRLFKNVL*NDFKQDXNDFK
'OD QLHJR ZFL* WDF]\ VL SLHZD Z\ELMD U\WP :FL* *\M ± F]áRZLHN L MHJR
OHJHQGD

2VWDWQLH]GDQLDPRMHMSUDF\FKFLDáDE\PVNLHURZDüGRLQGLDQLVWyZNWyU\P

GDQH EG]LH M SU]HF]\WDü =DQLP ]DEUDáD JR ]LHPLD REGDURZDá QDV VZRLPL
VáRZDPL 7H VáRZD FLJOH QDOH* GR QDV DOH MHJR SU]HV]áRü QDOH*\ MX* W\ONR GR
QLHJR

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]U ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

0DUHNÄ&LH´1RZRFLH=ZLHU]HQLD&LHQLDÄ7DZDFLQ´1U>@MHVLH UV

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

$1(.6<

Ä1DG]Z\F]DMQ\QRUPDOQ\F]áRZLHN´ ZVSRPQLHQLDSU]\MDFLyá

Ä1LHGDZQ\ WRF]DVNLHG\6DWE\áMHV]F]H]QDPL']L SR]RVWDáRSR1LP

W\OHFRND*GD]RVyE]QDMF\FK*RSDPLWD SLV]H'DUHNÄ%OXHZLQG´.DFKODNZ
VRZLP OLFLHGR LQGLDQLVWyZ FL*NR SLVDü R .LP NWRMHV]F]H QLH WDN GDZQR E\á
SRUyGQDVXF]HVWQLNyZ3ROVNLHJR5XFKX3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQMHV]F]HQLHPDOZF]RUDM
SU]HGZF]RUDM RG ]DZV]H %R WDNLH PDP ZUD*HQLH RGNG SDPLWDP 6DW2NK
]DZV]HE\áZPRLP*\FLX ,QLHZ\GDMHPLVL *HE\ SU]HVWDáE\ü%\üPR*H]E\W
ZLH*H MHVW ZVSRPQLHQLH-HJR RGHMFLD : SDPLFL MHGQDN ] F]DVHP ]DFLHUDM VL
SHZQH VSUDZ\Z\GDU]HQLD 'ODWHJR WH* SRVWDQRZLáHP VSLVDü VZRMH QLHOLF]QH E\ü
PR*H ZVSRPQLHQLD R 6DW2NKX :\GDMH PL VL *H RGGDMF SDSLHURZL ZáDVQH
ZVSRPQLHQLD 6DWQLJG\ QLHRGHMG]LH 7DNMDN F]\WDOLP\ LF]\WDP\ -HJRNVL*NL
WDNVDPRSR]RVWDMFZVSLVDQ\FKZVSRPQLHQLDFK6DWQLHRGHMG]LH´

'REU]H SRZLHG]LDQH 6DW QLH PR*H RGHMü *\MF ZFL* Z PLOLRQDFK QDSLVDQ\FK
SU]H] VLHELH VáyZ Z SDPLFL ZLHOX VZRLFK SU]\MDFLyá ZH ZVSRPQLHQLDFK
LQGLDQLVWyZ-HJRLPL F]VWRSRMDZLDVL ZLFKUR]PRZDFK'ODQLFK']LDGHNE\á
NLP ]QDF]QLHZLFHMQL* W\ONRVWDUV]\PSDQHPNWyU\ZV]G]LHVL NUFLLXG]LHOD
Z\ZLDGyZ'DZDáFDáH*\FLHUy*QHU]HF]\$OHSU]HGHZV]\VWNLPGDZDáLPVLHELH
'ODWHJR QD RVWDWQLFK NDUWDFK PRMHM SUDF\ JáRV ]DELRU FL OXG]LH NWyU]\ PLHOL
V]F]FLHLRWU]\PDOLWHQÄZLHONLJLIW´± 6DW 2NKD

'DULXV].DFKODN/LVWGRLQGLDQLVWyZ]ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

-DQ

Ä -DN PLDáHP VLHGHP ODW SRV]HGáHP GR NLQD QD Ä :LQQHWRX´ 7HQ ILOP PQLH
RF]DURZDá-DNLH GZDWU]\ODWDPLQá\]ELHUDáHP]GMFLDURELáHPMDNLH ZLVLRUNLL
LQQHFXGDEDZLáHPVL QD PD[DZ,QGLDQ3RW\FKGZyFKWU]HFKODWDFKZWHOHZL]ML
]REDF]\áHP SR UD] SLHUZV]\ 6DWD L RGSá\QáHP 7\P EDUG]LHM *H E\áR WR NLOD
SURJUDPyZ ] U]GX Z NWyU\FK 6DW RSRZLDGDá SU]HUy*QH KLVWRULH SRND]\ZDá
SU]HGPLRW\XEUDQ\ZVWUyM=URELáWH]NRQNXUVQDQDMOHSV]DLQGLDVN ]DEDZN-D
RF]\ZLFLH ]DEDZHF]N ]URELáHP Z\VáDáHP L Z\REUD( VRELH *H ]DEDZND ]DMáD
SLHUZV]HPLHMVFH$OH-H]XV0DULD.LHG\E\áHPPDá\PFKáRSFHPWRZ\GDZDáRPL
VL*HRQPLHV]NDQDGUXJLPNRFXNXOL]LHPVNLHM Z:DUV]DZLH1DJURG E\áOLVWL
VSRWNDQLH-DNRG]LHZLFLROHWQLFKáRSLHFGRVWDáHPOLVW]NWyUHJRGRZLHG]LDáHPVL
]HRQPLHV]NDZ*GDVNX7RE\áSLHUZV]\ V]RN WRE\áDJRG]LQDRGHPQLH1LH
ZLHP MDN WR %yJ XVWDZLá *H E\OLP\ WDN EOLVNR VLHELH ']LNL WHPX SRWHP
ZV]\VWNRSRWRF]\áRVL WDN*HXGDáRQDPVL VSG]Lü]HVRE NDZDá*\FLD.ROHMQD
U]HF]NWyUDPQLH]DVNRF]\áDLXMáDWRWR*H6DWE\áZWHG\GRURVá\PF]áRZLHNLHP
D SRWUDNWRZDá PQLH PDáHJR FKáRSFD ZLHOND JZLD]GD ] WHOHZL]ML MDN ZLHONLHJR
P*F]\]Q)DNW\F]QLH]DEDZHF]NDZ\JUDáDIDNW\F]QLHSU]\V]HGáOLVWSRWHPE\áR
VSRWNDQLH%\áRNODVD=DSURVLOLP\JRGRV]WXPVNLHJRODVXE\áRSLNQLH3LHUZV]\
UD]]REDF]\áHP6DWDQD*\ZRZVWURMX%\áRODWRSLNQHVáRFHODV8VWDZLOLP\
WLSL,WRWH]E\áRZD*QH*HQLHVSRWNDáHPJRZWHG\ZÄF\ZLOL]DFML´3R]QDáHPJR
WDNLHJRMDNLPE\áQDMSUDZG]LZV]\´

$QLD3DMFKHUW

Ä1LHZD*QHF]\RVRED PDODWG]LHZLüF]\ PDODWV]HüG]LHVLWVLHGHP E\á\
WUDNWRZDQH WDN VDPR , ]GDU]Dá\ VL SU]\MD(QLH R QLHVDPRZLWHM Uy*QLF\ ZLHNX L
QLNRJR WR QLH G]LZLáR QLJG\ 6DW E\á SU]\MDFLHOHP GOD ZLHOX Uy*Q\FK RVyE Z
Uy*Q\PZLHNX1LHPLDáRWRGODQLHJR]QDF]HQLD1LHZD*QHF]\WRE\áRG]LHFNR
F]\UyZQRODWHN

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

S\WDQLHGR%DUWND6WUDQ]D,OHPLDáH ODWNLHG\VL VSRWNDOLFLH"
%DUWHN-HGHQDFLH
$QLD,MDNVL ZWHG\F]XáH"
%DUWHN -DN JXUX 0LDáHP MHGHQDFLH ODW D UR]PDZLDá ]H PQ MDN ] UyZQ\P ,
MHV]F]H GDá PL DGUHV LQGLDVNLHM JD]HW\ Ä $TXDVDQVH 1RWHV´ , ]DSURVLá PQLH MX*
ZWHG\GRGRPX´

$QLD/LSHFND

Ä7RQLHE\áDGODQDVRVRELVWRü7XQLHFKRG]LáRRSU]HPRZ\]GMFLDSLyURSXV]
7RE\áD5RG]LQD´

Ä1LHG(ZLHG(´

Ä: PLDU SR]QDZDQLD JR RQ E\á ]DZV]H ZVSDQLDá\P F]áRZLHNLHP %\á VXSHU
JRFLHP 0LDá MDN ND*G\ F]áRZLHN VZRMH ZDG\ L ]DOHW\ DOH QDSUDZG E\á
QLHVDPRZLW\P F]áRZLHNLHP3y(QLHM SU]\V]á\ F]DV\NLHG\ QLHOLF]\áR VL F]\ E\á
F]\ QLH E\á ,QGLDQLQHP 'OD PQLH WR EH] ]QDF]HQLD 'OD PQLH E\á GREU\P
F]áRZLHNLHP3RSURVWX6WDVLX´

Ä&LH´

Ä1D V]NROQHM JD]HWFHFLHQQHM ZLHV]DáHP -HJR ]GMFLD ] SLHUZV]HJR ]ORWX 'áXJR
PLDáHP PX ]D ]áH*H QLH RGSLVDá QD PyM SLHUZV]\ OLVW Z NWyU\P SURVLáHP JR R
PDWHULDá\ GR SUDF\ PDWXUDOQHM R ,QGLDQDFK %\ü PR*H QLJG\ JR QLH GRVWDá ER
U]DGNR RGPDZLDá 3U]HV]áR PL QD ; =ORFLH JG\ SU]HVWDáHP E\ü GOD 1LHJR
DQRQLPRZ\P PáRG\P LQGLDQLVW :WHG\ 2Q Z QDPLRFLH RJOGDá 79 D P\

5HODFMD$QQ\3DMFKHUW]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD$QQ\/LSHFNLHM]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD:LHVáDZD.DUQDEDOD]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

]EXOZHUVRZDQLMHJRÄQLHLQGLDVNLP´]DFKRZDQLHP FKFLHOLP\Z\PDORZDü0XQD
DXFLH Ä PLHUü ,]DXU]H $,0´ 1D V]F]FLH QLH Z\PDORZDOLP\E\ü PR*H
SU]HZD*\áV]DFXQHN GOD']LDGND PR*HSUH]HQW\ NWyUH ZWHG\ UR]GDZDá-DNSU]H]
FDáH*\FLH 1DMZLNV]\ SUH]HQW VSUDZLáPL FK\ED QD;9,=ORFLHWR ZWHG\ SR
VLHGHPG]LHVLWFH VNDNDá QD JáyZN GR MH]LRUD URELá F\UNRZH V]WXF]NL ] ODVVHP L
QLNRPX QLH GDZDá VL ]U]XFLü ] Ä PXVWDQJD´ 'RVWDáHP ZWHG\ -HJR ]ELyU Ä
$NZHVDVQH1RWHV´:LHG]LDáLOHGODPQLH]QDF] L*HJG\X]XSHáQL ]ELRU\JD]HW
SR,QGLDVNLHM%DEFL EG *\á\7HJRMHGQHJRRF]HNLZDáRGREGDURZDQ\FK´

-DQ

Ä=DLPSRQRZDáPLW\ORPDU]HF]DPL:WHMFKZLOLWRMHVWWDNLHPDáRPRGQH*HNWR
MHVWSUDZGRPyZQ\V]F]RGU\*HMHVWWDNMDNPyZL ,QGLDQLH± SUDZG]LZ\=DWRJR
NRFKDáHP7DNLFKOXG]LMX* QLHPDWDNLFKFRV QLHVNRF]HQLHGREU]\GODND*GHJR
2QSRVLDGDáZLHONDVLá $* GRSHZQHJRVWRSQLDE\áQLHUHDOQ\0LDáWDN
ZLHOH ]DOHW*H SR SHZQ\PF]DVLH PR*QD E\áR VL SU]HNRQDü*H MHVW WR F]áRZLHN
Z\MWNRZ\ REGDU]RQ\ WDOHQWDPL D S\] W\P QLHVDPRZLFLH VNURPQ\ %\á WR
F]áRZLHN WDN RWZDUW\ VNRQFHQWURZDQ\ W\ONR QD W\P FR PR*H SU]\QLHü FR
SR]\W\ZQHJR]NRQVHNZHQFMDGRNRFD8GRZRGQLáPL*H PR*QDSU]H]FDáH*\FLH
ZLHU]\üZWRFRVL URELLE\üSUDZG]LZ\PGRNRFD´

$QLD3DMFKHUW

Ä 0RMD SLHUZV]D P\O NLHG\ VL GRZLHG]LDáDP *H 6DW ]PDUáZLG]LDáDP JR MDN
ZQRVL]NXFKQLGRDOWDQ\NDZ3U]\QRVLNDZSDOLP\SDSLHURV\JDGDP\2%R*H
6DW MX* QLJG\QLHEG]LHQLyVáWHMNDZ\7DNLHGURELD]JLSU]\]LHPQH´

0DUHN1RZRFLH=ZLHU]HQLD&LHQLD Ä7DZDFLQ´1UV

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD$QQ\3DMFKHUW]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

Ä&LH´

Ä &KRü SDOLá MDN VPRN L MDN EDEFLD 6WHIDQLD $QWRQLHZLF] L SLá MDN PDU\QDU]
NWyU\PE\áWRF]VWRWH* SRGNUHODá*HQDMFHQQLHMV]HZ5XFKXRERNSR]QDZDQLD
LQGLDVNLFKNXOWXULQDXNLV]DFXQNXGOD=LHPLMHVWWR*H353,ZLHOXPáRG\FKOXG]L
XUDWRZDáRSU]HGQDáRJDPLL]áDGURJ:WRZLHU]\á,ZLHU]\áZQDV=DWRQD;;9
=ORFLHZURNXGRVWDáRGWUDG\FMRQDOLVWyZKRQRURZ\6WDII´

-DQ

Ä %H]XVWDQQLH FR URELá $OER Z\V]\ZDá DOER FR PDORZDá DOER FR SLVDá DOER
URELá WR ZV]\VWNR MHGQRF]HQLH 7R E\á F]áRZLHN X NWyUHJR Z VNU]\QFH ND*GHJR
GQLDOLVWyZE\áRSHáQR%\ZDá\ODWD*HGRVWDZDáZRUNLOLVWyZ3LNQHWRE\áRNLHG\
SU]\MH*G*DáRVL GRQLHJRLZLG]LDáROLVW\ ] FDáHJRZLDWD=FDáHJRZLDWDOXG]LH
*\F]\OL PX ZV]\VWNLHJR GREUHJR Z XURG]LQ\ :LGDü E\áR*H OXG]LH NWyU]\ JR
SR]QDOL MDNL F]DV WHPX FLJOH R QLP SDPLWDM SDPLWDM JR MDNR SUDZHJR
F]áRZLHNDQDM]Z\F]DMQLHM´

$QLD/LSHFND

Ä .LHG\ E\OLP\ Z 7XFKROL GDZDOLP\ PX ]QDü D RQ Z\U\ZDá VL ] *GDVND
FKRüE\QDGZLHJRG]LQ\6LyGPDUDQRP\SyáSU]\WRPQLVNUREDQLHGRWLSLLJáRZD
6DWDZZHMFLX-X* MHVWHPUyEFLHNDZ3RWHP%UGDSá\ZDQLHV]WXF]NL]ODVVHP
NDZDá\RF]\ZLFLHLSRZUyWGRGRPX´

0DUHN1RZRFLH=ZLHU]HQLD&LHQLDÄ7DZDFLQ´1U>@V

5HODFMD-DQD5]DWNRZVNLHJR

5HODFMD$QQ\/LSHFNLHM

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

$QLD3DMFKHUW

Ä 1D ;9, =ORFLH E\áDP ] WU]\OHWQL FyUN ']LHFNR PDáH ZLDGRPR V]\ENR VL
EXG]L%XG] VL JRG]LQDyVPDUDQR G]LHFNDQLHPD%LHJDPV]XNDP3RGMH*G*D
6DWNWyU\VNRURZLWE\áMX* QDQRJDFKURELá]DNXS\=DQLPZ\VLDGDPRMHG]LHFNR
3HáQHXVWDFXNLHUNyZEH]QLDGDQLD0yZL6DWQLJG\ZLFHM']LHFNRPXVL]MHü
QLDGDQLHQLHNXSXMMHMFXNLHUNyZ1DGUXJLG]LH QLHNXSLáMHMFXNLHUNyZ:UyFLáD
]OL]DNLHP´

Ä&LH´

Ä : W\P URNX VSRWNDáHP *R WU]\NURWQLH 1DMSLHUZ ]LP QLHFDáH Syá URNX SR
RGHMFLX 3DQL :DQG\ NWyU RSLHNRZDá VL D* GR NRFD JG\ SR UD] SLHUZV]\
SW]\Má RG 'UyGáD ]DSURV]HQLH GR ZVSyOQHJR ] QDPL V]DáDVX SRWX 1LH E\OLP\
SHZQL F]\ SU]\MHG]LH $OH ]MDZLá VL , SU]HGVWDZLá QDP 3DQL %DVL 3RWHP
ZLRVQDJG\QDWRUXVNLP3RZ ZRZQLHNWRLQQ\W\ONR2Q MDNSU]\MDFLHOLXUZLV
]DUD]HP ]DVáRQLáPLRF]\SU]\ZHMFLXDSRWHPXFLVNDáVHUGHF]QLHL]DSURVLáPQLH
ZUD]]=DZLQLWNLHP 5XFKXGRMHGQHJR V]HUHJXSRGF]DV*UDQG (QWU\7RZWHG\
G]LNRZDá ]D QDV] K\PQ L Ä+RQRU 6RQJ´ =D WR *H *R VáXFKDP\ V]DQXMHP\
QDODGXMHP\Ä7HUD]PRJ VSRNRMQLHRGHMü´ PyZLá7UXGQRE\áRQDPXZLHU]\ü
*HNLHG\NROZLHNRGHMG]LH3RUD]RVWDWQL*HJQDáHP*RODWHPOLSFDQDFPHQWDU]X
6UHEU]\VND ] 3UH]\GHQWHP *GDVND JDUVWN WRZDU]\V]\ EURQL ] $. L WáXPHP
LQGLDQLVWyZ1LHPRJáRQDVWDP]DEUDNQü1LH]DEUDNáR:ZLHOXPLHMVFDFK3ROVNL
E\á\PRGOLWZ\V]DáZLDWDQLHF´

5HODFMD$QQ\3DMFKHUW

0DUHN1RZRFLH=ZLHU]HQLD

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

&\SULDQ

Ä%\áDNLHG\ WDNDV\WXDFMDQD]ORFLH*HNWR XGHU]\áG]LHZF]\Q6DWDVWUDV]QLHWR
REXU]\áR:\V]HGáZFLHNá\QD URGHNRER]XLNU]\NQáFRVZVW\OX-HVWHPVWDU\P
F]áRZLHNLHP DOH F]HNDP WX QD FLHELH 3RGQLRVáH UN QD NRELHW WR PR*HV]
]PLHU]\üVL L]HPQ7RE\áDSLNQDDNFMD´

Ä'UyGáR´

Ä&DáH*\FLHXF]\áUDGRFL3U]HSHáQLDáDJRPDJLDV]F]HU\RSW\PL]P*\FLRZ\%\á
VDPZLHONLPSR]\W\ZHP1LJG\QLHQDU]HNDáQLJG\VL QLHVNDU*\á.áDGáVL VSDüL
ZVWDZDá ] XPLHFKHP QD XVWDFK &KFLDáE\P VL WDN ]HVWDU]Hü FKFLDáE\P WDN
*\ü´

-DQ

Ä 2JOGDP ]GMFLD SU]HZDODP UR*QH U]HF]\ER PL JR EUDNXMH -HVW E\á LEG]LH
PRLP Z]RUHP .RQNUHWQ\P*\Z\P F]áRZLHNLHP NWyUHJR PR*QD QDODGRZDü D
QLHMDNLOX]M ]NRPSXWHUD&LHV] VL*HZRJyOH%yJGDáPLV]DQVH*\üSU]H]
W\OHODWXERNXWDNZLHONLHJRF]áRZLHND-DNWHUD]WDNVRELHRW\PP\OSRODWDFK
WRE\áWRQDSUDZG ÄZLHONLJLIW´´

&L NWyU]\ Z\PDJDOL RG QLHJR Z\MDQLH GDW PLHMVF IDNWyZ FL NWyU]\

VNXSLDOL VL W\ONR QD QLHMDVQ\FK HOHPHQWDFK MHJR*\FLRU\VX F]\ QD NU]\NOLZ\P
]DLQWHUHVRZDQLX PHGLyZ GRVWDOL W\ONR WR 7R QLHZLHOH &L NWyU]\ VL SU]HG QLP
RWZRU]\OL VáXFKDOL SLHQL MHJR ZLHONLHJR VHUFD PGURFL MHJR VLZ\FK ZáRVyZ
GRVWDOLVWRNURWQLHZLFHM

5HODFMD&\SULDQDZLWND]]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD%DUWRV]D6WUDQ]D]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

5HODFMD-DQD5]HWNRZVNLHJR

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

%,%/,*5$),$

,=%,25<:à$61(

%LJR-5HNRQVWUXNFMDVWHUHRW\SX,QGLDQLQDZILOPLHLOLWHUDWXU]H ± SUDFD

OLFHQFMDFNDQDSLVDQDSRGNLHUXQNLHPGU0%URG]NLHJRZ.DWHGU]H(WQRORJLL

8QLZHUV\WHWX:URFáDZVNLHJR:URFáDZ± ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

&]HFKRZVND±'HUNDF]%7LSLF]\VW\FKVHUF ± DUW\NXá]H]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD

.UyOD± ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

-DQNRZVNL./LVWGRDXWRUNLSUDF\]

.DFKODN'/LVWGRLQGLDQLVWyZ]± ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

.DUQDEDO: UHODFMDXVWQD]± ]DSLVPDJQHWRIRQRZ\ZSRVLDGDQLX

DXWRUNL

.LHáSLVNL-àDSDF]SHáHQVQyZ ± DUW\NXá]H]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD± Z

SRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

/LSHFND$± UHODFMDXVWQD]± ]DSLVZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

3DMFKHUW$± UHODFMDXVWQD]± ]DSLVPDJQHWRIRQRZ\ZSRVLDGDQLX

DXWRUNL

3áRQND%/LVWGRDXWRUNLSUDF\]

5]DWNRZVNL- UHODFMDXVWQD]± ]DSLVPDJQHWRIRQRZ\ZSRVLDGDQLX

DXWRUNL

6WUDQ]%± UHODFMDXVWQD]± ]DSLVPDJQHWRIRQRZ\ZSRVLDGDQLX

DXWRUNL

ZLDWRZ\=ZL]HN)RáQLHU]\$UPLL.UDMRZHM.RáR6]\GáRZLHF%LRJUDILHL

ZVSRPQLHQLD± PDWHULDá\]H]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD± ZSRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

ZLWHN&± UHODFMDXVWQD]± ]DSLVPDJQHWRIRQRZ\ZSRVLDGDQLX

DXWRUNL

=DPDFKQDPDU\QDU]D]Ä%DWRUHJR´ ± DUW\NXá]H]ELRUyZ0DUFLQD.UyOD± Z

SRVLDGDQLXDXWRUNL

,,6à2:1,.,

0Dá\VáRZQLNOLWHUDWXU\GODG]LHFLLPáRG]LH*\UHG.XOLF]NRZVND.6áRVND

,:DUV]DZD

1RZ\VáRZQLNOLWHUDWXU\GODG]LHFLLPáRG]LH*\UHG.XOLF]NRZVND.7\OLFND

%:DUV]DZD

6áRZQLNOLWHUDWXU\G]LHFLFHMLPáRG]LH*RZHMUHG7\OLFND%/HV]F]\VNL*

:URFáDZ

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

,,,/,7(5$785$

'áXJLH3LyURÄ7U\EXQD/XGX´1U

*áRJRZVNL3± Z\SRZLHG( ]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLH,QIRUPDWRU353,´1U

,QGLDQLQSROVNLHJRSRFKRG]HQLDÄ*áRV:LHONRSROVNL´QU

-XUNRZVNL-6DW2NK± V\QZRG]DLQGLDVNLHJRÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´

1U

.URVQ\$'áXJLH3LyURÄ0Dá\*Rü1LHG]LHOQ\´

.URVQ\$3RPLHV]NDüZWLSLÄ0Dá\*Rü1LHG]LHOQ\´

àDV]\Q,.R]DN'áXJLH3LyURÄ']LHQQLN%DáW\FNL´

0DFLRáHN06WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]Ä7DZDFLQ´1UMHVLH

0D]XUNLHZLF]-± Z\SRZLHG( ]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLH,QIRUPDWRU353,´

1U

0LHOQLN-,QGLDVNLEL]QHVZ3ROVFHÄ1HZVZHHN´

0L]LVNL0± Z\SRZLHG( ]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLH,QIRUPDWRU353,´1U

1RZRFLH0=ZLHU]HQLD&LHQLDÄ7DZDFLQ´1UMHVLH

2VLND=± Z\SRZLHG( ]DPLHV]F]RQDZµ1D7URSLH,QIRUPDWRU353,´1U

3ROVNL.DURO0D\Ä*D]HWD2OV]W\VND´1U

3RZUR(QLN%± Z\SRZLHG( ]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLH,QIRUPDWRU353,´1U

5\V]NRZVNL-&KF PQLHQDVLá Z\ELHOLüÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´

1U

5\V]NRZVNL-'RNGZLRG WDMHPQLF]HODG\Ä:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´

1U

5\V]NRZVNL-/HJHQG\URG] VL L Ä:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´1U

5\V]NRZVNL-/XVWUDWRU]\ZUyGF]HUZRQRVNyU\FKÄ:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´

QU

5\V]NRZVNL-3RGHMU]HQLHEODGDWZDU]Ä:LHF]yU:\EU]H*D´1U

6DW2NK± SROVNLPPDU\QDU]HPÄ.XULHU/XEHOVNL´1U

6WHQND.± Z\SRZLHG( ]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLH,QIRUPDWRU353,´1U

6WUDQ]*&]HUZRQHQDELDáRÄ3R]QDQLDN´

6\Q2UáDL2EáRNXÄ=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU´'RGDWHNLOXVWURZDQ\1U

6]SHFKW36DW2NKÄ0LOLDUGHU´1U

6]WHMQHUW 03ROVNL,QGLDQLQÄ=LHORQ\6]WDQGDU³1U

ZLHUN.± Z\SRZLHG( ]DPLHV]F]RQDZÄ1D7URSLH,QIRUPDWRU353,´1U

7\OLFND%,QGLDQLQPDU\QDU]HPF]\OLG]LHMH'áXJLHJR3LyUDÄZLDW

0áRG\FK´1U

:DUV]HZVNL5/RNDWRUNDPLHQQHJRZLJZDPXÄ5]HF]SRVSROLWD´

1U

background image

.DWDU]\QD.USXOHFÄ6WDQLVáDZ6XSáDWRZLF]1LH]Z\NáDELRJUDILD6DW2NKDF]\OLMDNVL ]RVWDMHOHJHQG´

:LOOPD$)HJQDM:RG]XÄ*D]HWD3RPRUVND´

:RMWHN76\Q:\VRNLHJR2UáDÄ3DQRUDPD´1U

:RáRZVNL'-DFyU]\VNL::JáELVHUFDSR]RVWDQ ,QGLDQLQHPÄ*D]HWD

:\ERUF]D´0DJD]\Q1U

=LPPHUPDQ/-,QGLDQLH$PHU\NL3yáQRFQHM3OHPLRQDLG]LHMH :LHU]HQLDL

U\WXDá\:DUV]DZD

,935$&(6$7 2.+$

6DW2NK%LDá\0XVWDQJ :DUV]DZD

6DW2NK*áRV3UHULL *GDVN

6DW2NK,QGLDQLHZF]RUDMLG]LÄ3áRP\N´

6DW2NK=LHPLD6áRQ\FK6NDá:DUV]DZD

9'5Ï'à$,17(51(72:(

5HODFMD(Z\].DQDG\±

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

VWURQDLQWHUQHWRZD353,

*U]\ERZVNL-2SUDFRZDQLHELRJUDPXLWZyUF]RFL6DW2NKD±

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

1RZRFLH02GUEQD5]HF]\ZLVWRü ±

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

1RZRFLH03ROVNL5XFK3U]\MDFLyá,QGLDQ:F]RUDMG]L LMXWURUHIHUDWQD

VHVM SRSXODUQRQDXNRZ Ä,QGLDQLHL,QGLDQLFL´Z0X]HXP(WQRJUDILF]Q\PZ

:DUV]DZLH±

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO

5DWDMF]DN06HUFHZRMRZQLND ±

ZZZJD]HWDRVWURZZLHONRSROVNLSO

6XOW]PDQQ/2SUDFRZDQLHKLVWRULL6]DZDQH]yZSU]HNáDG]M]\ND

DQJLHOVNLHJR± DXWRUNDSUDF\±

ZZZGLFNVKRYHOFRP

VWURQDLQWHUQHWRZD

SRZLFRQDKLVWRULLLNXOWXU]H1DURGyZ7XE\OF]\FK

+LVWRULD6]DZDQH]yZSU]HNáDG]M]\NDDQJLHOVNLHJR± DXWRUNDSUDF\±

ZZZVKDZQHHQDWLRQFRP

RILFMDOQDVWURQDSOHPLHQLD6]DZDQH]yZ

+LVWRULD6]DZDQH]yZ±

ZZZV]DZDQH]LSO

VWURQDLQWHUQHWRZDSROVNLFK

PLáRQLNyZ,QGLDQ6KDZQHH

:VSRPQLHQLD];,;=/278Z3URVW\QL±

ZZZLQGLDQLHHFRSO


Document Outline


Wyszukiwarka

Podobne podstrony:
2 Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz biografia
STANISŁAW HIERONIM KONARSKI BIOGRAFIA
Grzybowski Stanisław MIKOŁAJ KOPERNIK BIOGRAFIA 320 STRON 1972
KRZEMIŃSKI STANISŁAW BIOGRAFIA
Platówna Stanisława Niezwykłe wakacje
Stanisław Wyspiański jako dramaturg, poeta, malarz Zaprezentuj biografię i twórczość
2803 stanisław moniuszko biografia

więcej podobnych podstron