Ship Management & Transport Ltd. , Gdynia

m / v “ G D Y N I A ”

Bulk Carrier 64 215 DWT with Gantries on the Deck

L M C

Onboard Stability Program

with Handling of Grain Cargo

User's Manual

F I N A L

Gdynia, 29-th of May, 2009

C O N T E N T S

0. GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

0.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

0.2 MEANING of COLOURS and PRINT CONVENTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

0.3 GENERAL COORDINATE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

0.4 STARTING the PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1 DESCRIPTION of PROGRAM MENU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.1 Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.1.1 New Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.1.2 Open Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.1.3 Save Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.1.4 Save Load Condition as . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.1.5 Delete Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.1.6 List of Load Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.1.7 Save Load Condition as Load Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.1.8 Printout Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.1.9 Print Preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1.10 Print Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1.11 Free Forms for the Grain Stability Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1.11 Recalculate Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1.12 Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.2 Edit Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.2.1 General Data of Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.2.2 Load Cases in Load Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.2.3 WEIGHT GROUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.2.3.1 DWT constant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.2.3.2 Stores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1.2.3.3 Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.2.3.3.1 Bulk Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.2.3.3.2 Untrimmed Grain Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.2.3.3.3 Miscellaneous Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.2.3.4 Water Ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.2.3.5 Movable Parts of the Ship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

1.2.3.6 Icing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.2.3.7 Note about longitudinal weight distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.3 View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1.3.1 Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1.3.2 Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1.4. Text Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1.4.1 Weight[t], Fill[%] & MFS[tm] Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1.4.2 Chief's Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

1.4.3 Draughts, Trim & Heel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

1.4.4 Air Draft for Selected Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.4.5 Stability Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.5 Graphics Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.5.1 Weight & Buoyancy Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.5.2 Shear Forces & Bending Moments Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.5.3 Static & Dynamic Stability Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.5.4 Heel of the Ship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.5.5 Tanks & Holds Plan - Lateral View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.5.6 Tanks & Holds Plan - Upper Deck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.5.7 Buoyancy for Draft Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1. 6 Special Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

1.6.1 Draft Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

1.6.2 Service Heeling Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1.7 Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

A P E N D I X E S

A SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

A.1 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

A.2 OPERATING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

A.3 PROGRAM INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

B REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

EXAMPLES of PRINTOUTS

Test1

LC No. 00 - Light Ship NON EXPLOATATION CONDITION !

Test2

LC No. 02 - Light Water Ballast + 100% Stores Departure

Test3

LC No. 05 - Heavy Water Ballast + 10% Stores Arrival

Test4

LC No. 06 - Homog.bulk cargo 43,76 cuft/t (0,8070 t/m3) + 100% Stores Departure

Test5

LC No. 15 - Ore cargo 18,00 cuft/t (1,9619 t/m3) + 10% Stores Arrival

( with Shear Force Correction )

Test6

LC No. G01 -- Grain cargo 40,00 cuft/LT (0,8970 t/m3) + 100% Stores Departure

ENDS UNTRIMMED

LC No. G06 - Homog. grain cargo 42,72 cuft/LT (0,8399 t/m3) + 10% Stores Arrival

ENDS UNTRIMMED

N O T E: Test1 - Test5 are taken from the document “Trim and Stability Booklet 845 / 0420 - 003”

Test6 and Test7 are taken from the document “Trim and Stability for Grain - Untrimmed 845 / 0420 - 006”

Draft Survey

LC No. G06 - Homog. grain cargo 42,72 cuft/LT (0,8399 t/m3) + 10% Stores Arrival

ENDS UNTRIMMED

Free Forms for Grain Stability Calculations0. GENERAL INFORMATION

0.1 INTRODUCTION

Load Master Computer, abbreviated to LMC in this manual, is a program for controlling trim and stability of the ship under various loading conditions.

The program also calculates shear forces and bending moments.

The program enables easy entry and correction of data defining the loading condition.

The Loading Condition, abbreviated to LC in this manual and throughout the program, is identified by LC No. - string of up to 12 characters and is described with the following data:

• General Data

• DWT constant

• Stores (consumables)

• Cargo

• Water Ballast

• Movable Parts of the Ship

• Icing

Stores in tanks are split into the following groups:

• Fuel Oil Tanks

• Diesel Oil Tanks

• Lubricating Oil Tanks

• Sludge & Other Tanks

• Fresh Water Tanks

• Miscellaneous Stores

The program handles the following types of Cargo:

• Bulk Cargo in Holds

• Trimmed Grain Cargo in Holds

• Untrimmed Grain Cargo in Holds

• Miscellaneous Cargo

During input of data parameters defining ship state: draughts, trim and stability, stability criteria, longitudinal strength are concurrently calculated and displayed in text and graphics windows.

All entered data are being strictly checked.

There is impossible to:

enter numeric data out of range.

overflow any tank.

Moreover, the program executes additional functions:

calculation of real displacement based on draughts marks and angle of heel - Draft Survey.

Service Heeling Experiment.

0.2 MEANING of COLOURS and PRINT CONVENTION

Different colours refer to different types of data and results.

Green - data entered by the User, they are printed in the manual in Bold Italic mode.

Yellow - correct results of calculations, they are printed in the manual in Italic mode.

White - fixed data of the program, they are printed in the manual in Italic Underline
mode.

Red - calculated results out of range .Sometimes red question marks '????' appear as result of calculation. This means that the program can not calculate the value.

0.3 GENERAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

X - measured from Aft Perpendicular AP, positive forward.

Z - measured from Base Plane BP upward.

Y - measured from Centre Line CL, positive for Star Board SB.

If entered data are in local coordinate system the program always prompts a reference point for this data.

N O T E: all draughts are measured above Bottom Of Keel - BOK and specified in [m] - meters and [` “] - feet & inches, for instance:

Aft draught at AP . . . . . . . . . . dA = 10.18 m above BOK 33' 4.8”

0.4 STARTING the PROGRAM

There are two ways of starting program:

• click Start button on Taskbar, then Programs | LMC | LMC for mv GDYNIA

• double click the icon LMC for mv GDYNIA located on the desk top

After successful loading main program window appears on the screen from where you can execute any program function. Main window consists of program menu bar, toolbar and buttons enabling fast invoking of weight group edition. Any program function can be activated from main menu, any of them can be run by pressing button on toolbar. The rest of window is used by text and graphics windows showing results of calculations and various diagrams .

Each program function has been described in details in the next paragraphs.

1. DESCRIPTION of PROGRAM MENU

Program menu consists of the following items:

• Load Condition

• Edit Load Condition

• View

• Text Windows

• Graphics Windows

• Special Functions

• Help

1.1 Load Condition

1. New Load Condition

User is asked for a number of new LC, then all tanks and holds are emptied, switch Icing is set to No Icing, all movable parts set to their Normal position and such defined LC becomes current LC.

1.1.2 Open Load Condition

User is asked for a number of LC to load and then, if such LC exists in folder GDYNIA\LoadConditions, this LC is loaded from disk to operating memory.

and becomes the current LC.

1.1.3 Save Load Condition

This function saves current LC in folder GDYNIA\LoadConditions

1.1.4 Save Load Condition as

This function makes copy of current LC. User is asked for a number of LC , current LC is recorded in folder GDYNIA\LoadConditions under entered number, number of current LC is changed to entered one.

1.1.5 Delete Load Condition

This function requires confirmation and, after pressing button Yes, deletes LC from folder GDYNIA\LoadConditions, but LC is still existing in operating memory.

1.1.6 List of Load Conditions

Executing of this function results on displaying a list of Loading Conditions stored in folder GDYNIA\LoadConditions on hard disk.

Each LC on the list contains the following information:

• LC No.

• Port of departure

• Port of arrival

• Short LC description

• Stores [t]

• Cargo [t]

• Ballast [t]

• Displacement [t]

• d at LCF [m above BOK] - mean draught at LCF

• Trim [m]

• KG'[m above BP] - corrected vertical centre of gravity of the ship. KG' displayed in red stands for exceeding of maximum permissible KGmax in this LC .

• KGmax[m above BP] - maximal permissible vertical centre of gravity of the ship

• GM'[m] - initial corrected metacentric height.

• BV criteria - switch OK | NOT MET specifying if LC fulfils stability criteria.

After selecting LC from list by clicking on it the User can:

• load LC to operating memory. Loaded LC becomes then current LC.

• save current LC on disk under selected number. If LC of the same number has been already recorded on disk the program informs about it and asks for confirmation. Pressing Yes replaces old LC by current LC. Pressing No cancels this operation and leaves old LC on disk unchanged.

• delete LC of specified number from disk. This operation needs confirmation - OK deletes LC , Cancel cancels deleting.

1.1.7 Save Load Condition as Load Case

This function enables recording current LC as Load Case and then using it in defining other Load Conditions(see 1.2.2 Load Cases in Load Condition).

For instance, you can define the following Load Conditions:

• 10% Stores

• 100% Stores

• 50% Stores

• DWTconst

• Cargo

then save them as Load Cases with the same number and then define new Load Conditions as a combination of these Load Cases.

1. Printout Setup

This function enables selecting printed pages, sequence of printing and defining mode of printing - color or monochrome for any page.

The complete printout of LC consists of the following pages:

• General Data

• Stores

• DWT constant, Cargo, Ballast Water

• Movable Parts of the Ship

• Weight Specification, Trim and Stability

• Static and Dynamic Stability

• Distribution of Loaded Ship and Buoyancy

• Shear Forces and Bending Moments

• Air Draft for Selected Points

• Weight, Buoyancy, SF & BM on Frames

Title of the frame with description of printed pages shows sequence of page printing. Deselecting of page removes page number from the title, selecting attaches page number to the end of sequence. In order to define your own print sequence push button Clear sequence of printed pages and then select pages to print in proper sequence.

1.1.9 Print Preview

This function shows printout pages of current LC, due to selection done in Printout Setup.

1.1.10 Print Load Condition

Program displays printer dialog box and then, after printer selection and pressing OK button prints selected pages.

Example of complete printouts are included in Appendix.

1.1.10 Free Forms for Grain Stability Calculations

This function prints free forms , which are used for manual calculations of ship' stability for grain cargo.

1.1.11 Recalculate Load Condition

If there is any doubt about correctness of displayed results of calculations or diagrams, just run this function. Program recalculates current Load Condition and refreshes all displayed text and graphics windows.

1.1.12 Exit

This function requires confirmation and, after pressing Yes, terminates the program.

1.2 Edit Load Condition

This item handles edition of current LC

1.2.1 General Data of Load Condition

This function enables input and correcting general information about current LC:

• Voyage No.

• Captain

• Elaborated by

• Sea Water Density [t/m3] - very important for all calculations throughout the program.

• Plimsol's Mark - one of the following symbols:

TF - Tropic Fresh d = 13.482 m above BOK SWD = 0.995 t/m³

F - Fresh d = 13.213 m above BOK SWD = 1.000 t m³

T - Tropic d = 13.184 m above BOK SWD = 1.020 t/ m³

S - Summer d = 12.915 m above BOK SWD = 1.025 t/ m³

W - Winter d = 12.646 m above BOK SWD = 1.025 t/ m³

Change of Plimsol's Mark changes automatically Sea Water Density SWD to value corresponding to selected item. Selected Plimsol's Mark sets maximal allowable draught on midship, any midship draughts exceeding this limit and displacement corresponding to it are displayed in red.

• Strength limits: - defines what type of limits: Harbour or Sea-going will be taken for strength calculations. In this point there is also possible to turn on shear force correction on bulkheads between alternate loaded holds. Method of calculations of shear force correction and bulkhead's factors for shear force correction are described in document “TRIM AND STABILITY BOOKLET 845 / 0420 - 003” on page 31.

• Condition for Tank Soundings: Fixed trim [m] - ship's trim during tanks' soundings used later for defining tanks' filling.

• Condition for Tank Soundings: Fixed heel [deg.] - ship's heel during tanks' soundings used later for defining tanks' filling

• Icing options: - if set to “Due to BV Regulations”, Load Condition will include icing according to “Bureau Veritas Rules 2000, Part B, Chapter 3, Section 2, Paragraph 6 - Icing”. If set to “No icing” Load Condition will not include any icing.

• Load Condition description - general description for editing purposes:

first line - brief description displayed in the listing of LCs stored on disk.

next three lines - full description used in printouts.

• Departure :Port

• Departure: Date.

• Arrival :Port

• Arrival: Date

• Notes

1.2.2 Load Cases in Load Condition

This function enables inclusion of Load Cases to Load Condition.

Window handling this functions consists of two list:

1. Load Cases recorded in folder GDYNIA\LoadCases

2. Load Cases included to current Load Condition

After selecting Load Case from first list you can include it to current Load Condition by pressing button Add selected Load Case to Load Condition.

In order to remove Load Case from Load Condition select it from the second list and press button Remove selected Load Case from Load Condition.

You can reject changes by pressing Cancel button, OK button confirms entered changes in Load Condition.

1.2.3 WEIGHT GROUPS

All weights on the ship are split into weight groups:

• DWT constant

• Stores

• Cargo

• Water Ballast

• Movable Parts of the Ship

• Icing

1.2.3.1 DWT constant

DWT constant is described by the following attributes:

• Weight description

• Weight [t]

• LCG [m from AP]

• LCG [Frame No.]

• VCG [m from BP]

• TCG [m from CL]

• From [m from AP] - beginning of the weight distribution

• From [Frame No.]

• To [m from AP] - end of the weight distribution.

• To [Frame No.]

1.2.3.2 Stores

Weight group Stores is split into five tank groups:

• Fuel Oil Tanks

• Diesel Oil Tanks

• Lubricating Oil Tanks

• Fresh Water Tanks

• Sludge & Other Tanks

and

• Miscellaneous Stores

Each tank group is being handled on separate screen in the same way.

Each tank is described by the following attributes:

• Tank Code

• Tank Name

• Max. V{m3]- maximum volume of a tank

• Sound [m] - implies recalculation of Ullage, Volume, Fill, Weight, LCG, VCG, TCG and MFS

• Ullage[m]=Sound Length - Sound - implies recalculation of Sound, Volume, Fill, Weight, LCG, VCG, TCG and MFS

• Fill [%] = Volume /Max. V* 100% - implies recalculation of Sound, Ullage, Volume, Weight, LCG, VCG, TCG and MFS.

• Volume [m3] - implies recalculation of Sound, Ullage, Fill, Weight, LCG, VCG, TCG and MFS

• Density[t/m­3]- implies recalculation of Weight and MFS

• Weight [t] - implies recalculation of Sound, Ullage , Volume, Fill, LCG, VCG, TCG and MFS.

• LCG [m from AP]

• VCG [m from BP]

• TCG [m from CL]

• MFS Type -as a principle, for partly loaded tanks the maximal MFS is taken, for empty or fully loaded tank MFS equals 0.0 tm. User can change value of MFS by defining type of MFS with the following effect:

D - default MFS type, preset by program

Z - MFS equals 0.0 tm regardless the filling of the tank.

R - for partly loaded tank calculated MFS based on tank scaling table, otherwise 0.0 tm

M - maximal MFS is taken when tank is partly or fully loaded, otherwise 0.0 tm

A - maximal MFS is taken regardless the filling of the tank

• MFS [tm]

Last row of table with Tank Name = TOTAL contains summing of weight group and also enables entering Density, Fill and MFS Type for all tanks belonging to that group.

Group Miscellaneous Stores is described and handled in the same way as DWT Constant.

1.2.3.3 Cargo

1.2.3.3.1 Bulk Cargo in Holds

Bulk Cargo is described by the following attributes:

• Cargo place - from Hold No. 1 to Hold No. 7.

• MaxV [m3] - maximum volume of a hold.

• Fill [%] - implies recalculation of Level, Ullage, Volume, Weight, LCG, VCG and TCG

• Level[m from hold bottom] - implies recalculation of Fill, Ullage, Volume, Weight, LCG, VCG and TCG

• Ullage[m from hold top]=Hold Height - Level - implies recalculation of Fill, Level, Volume, Weight, LCG, VCG and TCG'

• Density[t/m3]- implies recalculation of Stowage Factor[cuft/t], Stowage Factor[cuft/LT] and Weight'

• Stowage Factor [cuft/t] - implies recalculation of Density, Stowage Factor[cuft/LT] and Weight

• Stowage Factor [cuft/LT] - implies recalculation of Density, Stowage Factor[cuft/t], and Weight

• Volume [m3] - implies recalculation of Fill, Level, Ullage, Weight, LCG, VCG and TCG

• Weight [t] - implies recalculation of Fill, Level, Ullage, Volume, LCG, VCG and TCG

• LCG [m from AP]

• VCG [m above BP]

• TCG [m from CL]

Weight value in any hold displayed in red means exceeding of allowable load on tank top which is equal: 15 375 tons, 11 020 tons, 17 015 tons, 10 830 tons, 17 015 tons, 11 020 tons and 15 670 tons for Holds No.:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 , respectively.

NOTE: according to “SOLAS Chapter XII, Regulation14 - Restrictions from sailing with any hold empty”, this ship, whenever carrying cargoes with density of 1,780 kg/m³­_­­­­­­­­ and above, shall not sail with any hold loaded to less than 10% of the hold's maximum allowable cargo when in the full load condition.

1.2.3.3.2 Untrimmed Grain Cargo

Untrimmed Grain Cargo is described by the following attributes:

• Cargo place - from Hold No. 1 to Hold No. 7.

• MaxV [m3] - maximum volume of a hold.

• Fill [%] - implies recalculation of Level, Ullage, Volume, Weight, LCG, VCG, TCG and Mv'

• Level[m from hold bottom] - implies recalculation of Fill, Ullage, Volume, Weight, LCG, VCG, TCG and Mv'

• Ullage[m from hold top]=Hold Height - Level - implies recalculation of Fill, Level, Volume, Weight, LCG, VCG, TCG and Mv'

• Density[t/m3]- implies recalculation of Stowage Factor[cuft/t], Stowage Factor[cuft/LT], Weight and Mv'

• Stowage Factor [cuft/t] - implies recalculation of Density, Stowage Factor[cuft/LT], Weight and Mv'

• Stowage Factor [cuft/LT] - implies recalculation of Density, Stowage Factor[cuft/t], Weight and Mv'

• Volume [m3] - implies recalculation of Fill, Level, Ullage, Weight, LCG, VCG, TCG and Mv'

• Weight [t] - implies recalculation of Fill, Level, Ullage, Volume, LCG, VCG, TCG and Mv'

• LCG [m from AP]

• VCG [m above BP]

• TCG [m from CL]

• Mv' [tm] - heeling moment due to grain shift

Weight value in any hold displayed in red means exceeding of allowable load on tank top which is equal: 15 375 tons, 11 020 tons, 17 015 tons, 10 830 tons, 17 015 tons, 11 020 tons and 15 670 tons for Holds No.:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 , respectively.

1.2.3.3.3 Miscellaneous Cargo

Miscellaneous Cargo is described by the following attributes:

• Weights Description

• Weight [t]

• LCG [m from AP]

• LCG [Frame No.]

• VCG [m from BP]

• TCG [m from CL]

• From [m from AP] - beginning of the weight distribution

• From [Frame No.]

• To [m from AP] - end of the weight distribution.

• To [Frame No.]

1.2.3.4 Water Ballast Tanks

This group is handled in the same way as Stores groups described in paragraph 1.2.3.2.

1.2.3.5 Movable Parts of the Ship

Group Movable Parts of the Ship is a part of Light Ship and any change in their position or removing them from the ships affect light ship weight and centre.

This function enables defining position of movable parts of the ship and can be used for checking draughts, trim , stability and strength of the ship during loading | unloading operations. This group consists of the following items:

• Hatch Cover No. 1

• Hatch Cover No. 2

• Hatch Cover No. 3

• Hatch Cover No. 4

• Hatch Cover No. 5

• Hatch Cover No. 6

• Hatch Cover No. 7

• Gantry Crane No. 1

• Gantry Crane No. 2

• Large Boom 54 m

• Small Boom 21 m

Generally, position Removed means removing a movable part from the ship.

Click on button Open all Holds sets covers in pre-defined opening position. Click on button Close all Holds sets covers in their normal position.

For Gantry Cranes you can define their position by entering LCG [m from AP or Frame No.]. This is possible only for position Working. Gantry Cranes' moving affects especially ship's trim.

Large Boom 54m can be in Normal position or in one of the following positions: Working,, 1/3 on PS, 2/3 on PS, Full on PS

Small Boom 21m can be in Normal or Working position

Switching between positions for any movable part is done by selecting a movable part by click on it, then pressing one of buttons: Normal, Next position or Previous position. Button All Normal sets all movable parts in their Normal position.

In opened text and graphics windows you can observe changes in draughts, stability and strength caused by the change of position of movable parts.

1.2.3.6 Icing

This group consists of two items, calculated due to document “Bureau Veritas Rules 2000, Part B, Chapter 3, Section 2, Paragraph 6 - Icing, 6.3 - Calculation assumptions“:

• 30 kg per square metre on exposed weather decks and gangways: Weight = 168.5 t , LCG = 96.14 m from AP, TCG = 0.50 m from CL, VCG = 21.65 m above BP

• 7.5 kg per square metre for the projected lateral area of each side of the ship above the water plane: Weight = 77.5 | 41.2 t , LCG = 101.11 | 94.28 m from AP, TCG = 0.00 | 0.00 m from CL, VCG = 14.49 | 20.66 m above BP. This item depends of ship's draft, first values are for draft at LCF=2.00 m above BP, second ones for draft at LCF=13.00 m above BP.

In cases, which seem to be more realistic from exploitation point of view (especially where more severe icing is expected) it is recommended that the User switches icing mode to No Icing and apply its own defined (calculated) Icing and include it in DWT constant or Miscellaneous Cargo

1.2.3.7 Note about longitudinal weight distribution

As a principle, for any weight its Longitudinal Centre of Gravity LCG should be located in range <From+1/3L, To-1/3L> (L - Length of longitudinal distribution = From - To) . For any weight item not fulfilled this principle its parameters: LCG, From and To are displayed in red and program corrects wrong weight distribution. Way of correction is specified in window titled “Incorrect and corrected parameters in WeightDistribution()” containing following information:

Weight Group

Compartment Id

Description

Weight [t]

LCG [m from AP | Fr. No.]

From [m from AP | FR No.]

From corrected [m from AP | FR No.]

To [m from AP| FR No.]

To corrected [m from AP | FR No.]

Any recalculation of LC displays this window for all incorrect weight distribution, user has to correct these items either by adjusting distribution length From -To to the specified LCG, or by placing the LCG within above described limits.

This note regards items of DWT constant, Miscellaneous Stores and Miscellaneous Cargo

1.3 View

1.3.1 Toolbar

Pressing this menu item switches over Toolbar state: Visible | Hidden

1.3.2 Status Bar

Pressing this menu item switches over Status Bar state: Visible | Hidden

1.4 Text Windows

Text windows are up-to-dated and refreshed concurrently with Load Condition edition. Because Load Condition is edited in modal window, all needed text windows must be opened and positioned before activating LC edition.

1.4.1 Weight[t], Fill[%] & MFS[tm] Specification

This window specifies weight, fill and MFS of weight groups and consists of the following items:

DWT const - DWT constatnt

=================================================

FO - Fuel Oil Tanks

+ DO - Diesel Oil Tanks

+ LO - Lubricating Oil Tanks

+ OTHERS - Other Tanks

+ FW - Fresh Water Tanks

+Misc - Miscellaneous Stores

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

= Stores

=================================================

Holds - Bulk Cargo in Holds

+Grain - Grain Cargo in Holds

+ Misc - Miscellaneous Cargo

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

= Cargo

================================================

WB Tanks - Water Ballast Tanks

===============================================

DWT = DWT constant + Stores + Cargo + Water Ballast

+ Light Ship

+ Icing

================================================

= Displacement

SWD - Sea Water Density [t/m3]

Hull Factor

===============================================

Volume = Displacement / ( SWD * Hull Factor)

1.4.2 Chief's Window

This window contains ship equilibrium parameters, maximal Shear Forces SF and Bending Moments BM, indicator of BV stability criteria, cargo in any cargo holds & tank and water ballast

in WB tanks. This window is small compared to other windows and can be used in quick loading | unloading operations.

Sea Water Density SWD [t/m³]

Displacement D [t]

Heel, (- for PS) [deg.]

Aft draught aft at AP dA [m above BOK]

Mean draught at midship MP dM = (dF + dA) / 2 [m above BOK]

Fore draught at FP dF [m above BOK]

Max SF on frame - maximal Shear Force [%SFmax]

related to SF limits

Max BM on frame - maximal Bending Moment [%BMmax]

related to BM limits

BV Criteria - switch OK | NOT MET specifying if current LC fulfils stability criteria

Cargo in any cargo hold [t]

Total cargo in cargo holds [t]

Ballast in WB tanks [t]

Total ballast [t]

1.4.3 Draughts, Trim & Heel

This area contains ship equilibrium parameters:

Sea Water Density SWD [t/m³]

Displacement D [t]

Buoyancy B [t]

Longitudinal Centre of Gravity LCG [m from AP]

Longitudinal Centre of Buoyancy LCB [m from AP]

Transverse Centre of Gravity TCG [m from CL]

Transverse Centre of Buoyancy TCB [m from CL]

Vertical Centre of Gravity VCG [m above BOK]

Vertical Centre of Buoyancy VCB [m above BOK]

Longitudinal Centre of Floatation LCF [m from AP]

Draught at LCF d [m above BOK]

Moment to change heel by 1 deg. MCH [tm/deg.]

Heel, (- for PS) [deg.]

Moment to change trim by 1 m MCT [tm/m]

Trim, "-" for fore trim t = dA - dF [m]

Aft draught aft at AP dA [m above BOK]

Mean draught dM = (dF + dA) / 2 [m above BOK]

Fore draught at FP dF [m above BOK]

Propeller immersion [%]

Draught at Aft Mark [m above BOK]

Draught at Midship Mark [m above BOK]

Draught at Fore Mark [m above BOK]

Air draft - distance from waterplane [m above WP]

to highest point of the ship

Specification of highest point of the ship

Max SF on frame - maximal Shear Force related to SF limits [%SFmax]

Max BM on frame - maximal Bending Moment [%BMmax]

related to BM limits

BV Criteria - switch OK | NOT MET specifying if current LC fulfils stability criteria.

IGC Criteria - switch OK | NOT MET specifying if current LC fulfils grain stability criteria.

N O T E: BOK - Bottom Of Keel

1.4.4 Air Draft for Selected Points

This window displays name, coordinates and air draft for pre-selected points of the ship:

• Top of radar mast (up right)

• Top of radar mast (hinged down)

• Top of fore mast

• Hatch Coaming of Hold No. 1

• Hatch Coaming of Hold No. 2

• Hatch Coaming of Hold No. 3

• Hatch Coaming of Hold No. 4

• Hatch Coaming of Hold No. 5

• Hatch Coaming of Hold No. 6

• Hatch Coaming of Hold No. 7

Air draft is defined as a distance from current WP - WaterPlane to selected point of the ship and is specified in [m above WP] and [feet & inches above WP].

1.4.5 Stability Criteria

The following set of stability criteria for cargo ships described in “Bureau Veritas Rules 2000, Part B - Hull and Stability, Chapter 3 - STABILITY, Section 2 - INTACT STABILITY, Paragraph 2 - Design Criteria” is used in the program:

Quotation ...

2.1 2 GZ curve area

The area under the righting lever curve (GZ curve) is to be not less than 0.055 mrad up to θ = 30° angle of heel and not less than 0.09 metre-radian up to θ = 40° angle of heel or the angle of downflooding θ_f if this angle is less than 40°. Additionally, the area under the righting lever curve (GZ curve) between the angles of heel of 30° and 40° or between 30° and θ_f , if this angle is less than 40°, is to be not less than 0.03 mrad.

2.1.3 Minimum righting lever

The righting lever GZ is to to be at least 0.20 m at an angle of heel equal to or greater than 30°.

2.1.4 Angle of maximum righting lever

The maximum righting arm is to occur at an angle of heel preferable exceeding 30° but not less than 25°.

2.1.5 Initial metacentric height

The initial metacentric height GM_o is not to be less than 0.15 m.

... End of Quotation

Additionally, weather criteria detaily described in “Bureau Veritas Rules 2000,

Part B - Hull and Stability, Chapter 3 - STABILITY, Section 2 - INTACT STABILITY, Paragraph 3 - Severe wind and rolling criterion (weather criterion)” are taken into consideration.

All stability criteria are combined into one curve KGmax defining maximum permissible height of ship's centre of gravity above BP.

If actual KG' is greater than KGmax then at least one of stability criteria is not fulfilled.

When grain cargo is carried by the ship, stability criteria for cargo ships described in “International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk, Part A - Specific requirements, Paragraph 7 - Stability requirements” is used in the program:

Quotation ...

7. Stability requirements

7.1 The intact stability characteristics of any ship carrying bulk cargo shall be shown to meet, throughout then voyage, at least the following criteria after taking into account in the manner described in part B of the Code and, in figure A.7, the heeling moments due to grain shift:

1. the angle of heel due to the shift of grain shall not be greater than 12 in the case of ship constructed on or after 1 January 1994 the angle at which the deck edge is immersed, whichever is the lesser

2. in the statical stability diagram, the net or residual area between the heeling arm curve and the righting arm curve up to the angle of heel of maximum difference between the ordinates of the two curves, or 40 or the angle of flooding, whichever is the least, shall in all of loading be not less than 0.075 metre-radians; and

3. the initial metacentric height, after correction for the free surface effects of liquids in tanks, shall be not less than 0.30 m.

... End of Quotation

For the ship mv GDYNIA limits for minimum righting lever GZ (2.1.3) and initial metacentric height GM_o (2.1.4 and 7.1.3) are increased to value 0.5 m.

This window specifies all a/m stability criteria for current LC.

1.5 Graphics windows

Graphics windows are up-to-dated and refreshed concurrently with Load Condition edition. Because Load Condition is edited in modal window all needed graphics windows must be opened and positioned before activating LC edition.

1.5.1 Weight & Buoyancy Distribution

This window shows distribution of loaded ship's weights, distribution of buoyancy, profile of the ship and actual waterline.

1.5.2 Shear Forces & Bending Moments Diagram

This window shows diagrams of Shear Forces SF and Bending Moments BM. Limits for SF and BM, due to setting of switch Harbour | Sea Going are also included.

Additionally values of SF in [kN] and [% of permissible SF] and BM in [kNm] and [% of permissible BM] for selected frames are also specified in this window.

NOTE 1: Character “*” following SF[% of permissible SF] stands for applying of correction of shear force in this loading condition.

NOTE 2: In all loading conditions bending moments and shear forces shall not exceed 90% of permissible values given in tables included in chapter 3.1 of “TRIM AND STABILITY BOOKLET - FINAL” on pages 28-29.

1.5.3 Static & Dynamic Stability Diagram

This window shows static stability curve GZ [m] and dynamic stability curve ld [mrad].

and values of: KN[m], KG*sin(Fi) [m], YG*cos(Fi) [m], GZ [m] I and ld [mrad] for pre-selected angles: 10,20,30,40,50,60,70 and 80 deg. GM' and GZmax are also shown on this diagram.

1.5.4 Heel of the Ship

This window displays transverse midship section with waterline due to draught in LCF showing ship's heel.

1.5.5 Tanks & Holds Plan - Lateral View

This window shows actual tank and hold filling in lateral view.

1.5.6 Tanks & Holds Plan - Upper Deck

This window shows actual filling of holds and tanks in view on upper deck.

1.5.7 Buoyancy for Draft Survey

This window does support function Draft Survey.

It shows actual buoyancy curve based on ship's shape and outline of the ship with

two waterplane lines. Red one is straight line from draught on FP to draft on AP, blue one is a real line depending on draughts on draft marks. Difference between theses two lines shows hull deflection.

N O T E: There is possible to enlarge | diminish size of font used in all text window and in graphics windows: Shear Forces & Bending Moments Diagram and Static & Dynamic Stability Diagram.

Double click on these windows switches over Visible | Hidden state of two buttons, <<FontSize>> and >>FontSize<<. Button <<FontSize>>, when visible, enables enlarging of font size. Button >>FontSize<<, when visible, enables diminishing of font size. After adjusting font size due to user's preferences another double click on any mentioned window makes these buttons invisible.

1.6 Special Functions

1.6.1 Draft Survey

This calculation is based on readings of draughts marks and requires precise definition of the waterplane.

Five methods of waterplane definition are implemented:

1 - draughts read from PS and from SB

2 - draughts read from PS and angle of heel

3 - draughts read from SB and angle of heel

4 - draughts read from PS and from amidships SB

5 - draughts read from SB and from amidships PS

The program calculates REAL DISPLACEMENT [t] and its centre: LCB, VCB, TCB.

Program also evaluates CargoOnboard and its centre:LCG, TCG.

CargOnboard equals REAL DISPLACEMENT decreased by sum of: Light Ship, Stores, Water Ballast, DWT Constant and Icing and these weight groups should be properly set.

The method for calculation of real displacement is as follows:

1. input draughts read from draught marks on PS and SB side on fore, midship and aft draught marks

3. calculation of draughts in CL for aft, midship and bow.

4. interpolation of the waterplane by parabola passing through draughts in CL.

5. finding all intersection points between the waterplane and the ship's boundary curve.

6. generation of the buoyancy curve based on ship shape taking into account intersection points.

7. integration of the interpolated buoyancy curve gives Volume.

8. multiplication of Volume by Harbour water density and Hull factor gives
REAL DISPLACEMENT

Recommended method for evaluating Weight of cargo taken on the board is as follows:

1 - read draughts and/or angle of heel before loading.

2 - calculate real displacement for these draughts and write down Cargo onboard
as Cargo onboard1 (before loading).

3 - read draughts and/or angle of heel after loading is completed.

4 - calculate real displacement for these draughts and write down Cargo onboard as
Cargo onboard2 (after loading).

5 - Weight of cargo taken on the board = Cargo onboard2 - Cargo onboard1

Do not forget to input actual Harbour water density, it could be quite different than
Sea water density .

Printout consists of three pages.

Pages No. 1 and 3 titled “DRAFT SURVEY | THE BEST METHOD” contains results of calculations based on ship's shape: all building frames and outlines of stern and bow. These results are very precise, graphical window “Waterplane & Buoyancy for Draft Survey”

shows real waterplane and buoyancy curve for specified draughts.

Page No. 2 titled “DRAFT SURVEY | SURVEYOR'S METHOD” contains results of calculations based on hydrostatic curves and can be useful in controlling calculations made by a harbour surveyor.

1.6.2 Service Heeling Experiment

This function calculates the real value of metacentric height at any stage of ship loading.

Real GM is calculated from the following formula:

where:

p [t] - weight being shifted.

e [m] - shifting distance, "-" for SB to PS shift.

D [t] - actual displacement.

Default setting is taken from current LC. You can input real displacement,
e.q. calculated with function Draft Survey.

γ ° - angle of heel read from inclinometer at the beginning of experiment

β [°] - angle of heel read from inclinometer at the end of experiment.

Conditions for the experiment are as follows:

ship should be about on even keel.

LCG and VCG of the shifted weight must be kept the same before and after shifting.

difference between angles of heel must not be greater than 3° but not less than 1°.

1.7 Help

This window specifies general information about program and enables also activating System Info window.

A SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

A.1 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION

microcomputer IBM PC/AT or truly compatible.

VGA (Video Graphics Array) card and colour monitor.

8 MB of free space on hard disk.

any printer attached to microcomputer. Printouts were tested on printer HP LaserJet 5L and Brother DCP 7010L

A.2 OPERATING SYSTEM

The program LMC was tested and run under control of following operating systems:

• Windows 95

• Windows 98

• Windows NT 4.0

• Windows XP Professional Edition

A.3 PROGRAM INSTALLATION

• put Compact Disk CD labelled “Ship Management & Transport Gdynia Ltd. | LMC for m/v „GDYNIA” with Handling of Grain Cargo | User's Manual & Setup Disk” into CD-ROM drive

• run the program setup.exe located on that CD: press button Start on taskbar, then press Run, type d:\setup.exe and press OK. (d: - address of CD-ROM drive)

• follow the directions appearing on the screen during program installation

• after successful installation create shortcut "LMC for mv GDYNIA” on desktop:

• press right mouse button on shortcut Start | Programs | LMC | LMC for mv GDYNIA, drag it to desktop and then from contex menu select Copy here

• click right mouse button on created shortcut, from contex menu select Properties, then select tab Shortcut and in text box titled Target add text GDYNIA

File GDYNIA.exe is self-extracting ZIP archive file containing folder GDYNIA. First run of LMC detects lack of that folder in catalog where LMC has been installed and expands (unpacks) GDYNIA.exe to folder GDYNIA.

In case of any damage of folder GDYNIA unpack GDYNIA.exe manually - just double click on GDYNIA.exe, then in window “Self extracting ZIP file” clear the checkbox “Confirm overwrites” and press OK.

B REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

• Bureau Veritas Rules 2000, Part B - Hull and Stability, Chapter 3 - STABILITY

• International Maritime Organization - International Code for the Safe Carriage of Grain in Bulk (International Grain Code)

• Frames - Fore Part 845 / 0120 - 004 Sheet 1

• Frames - Aft Part 845 / 0120 -004 Sheet 2

• General Arrangement 845 - PT / 1000 - 03

• Trim and Stability Booklet 845 / 0420 - 003

• m/v SUN ARROW - Sounding Tables

• m/v SUN ARROW - Ullage Tables

• Trim and Stability for Grain - Untrimmed 845 / 0420 - 006

LMC - Onboard Stability Program with Handling of Grain Cargo

User's Manual

24

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