Wiedza o USA semestr II

27.02.2014 Wiedza o USA Semestr II

THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF THE U.S.A

Direct democracy ( it’s practiced in Ukraine too ) it was practiced in ancient Athens but today it has different face and shape now.

In Poland is Representative democracy ( it means that we as polish citizens simply choose some people who we call representatives and they represent us, they discuss the most important measures about the country on behalf of us and are responsible for everything).

REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY
(American democracy – the most popular democracy in the world )

*The government by the people in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by their elected agents under a free electoral system.*

PILARS OF DEMOCRACY

  1. Sovereignty of the people(power of the people)

  2. Government based upon the consent(zgoda?) of the governed

  3. Majority rule through their representatives

  4. Minority rights are respected

  5. Guarantee of basic human rights : freedom of speech and freedom of religion

  6. Free and fair elections

  7. Equality before the law

  8. Due process of law(fair process of law)

  9. Constitutional limits on government

  10. Social and political pluralism(wiecej niz jedna partai)

  11. Values of tolerance, pragmatism, cooperation and compromise

The constitution of 1787 – start with famous words “we the people” ( my narod ).

THE CONSTITUTION

THE CONSTITUTION

The Document The Amendants ( 27 ) (poprawki)

The Preamble The Articles ( 7 )

THE BASIC STRUCTURE OF THE CONSTITUTION :

It contains two main sections :
SECTION ONE

  1. The Document – the part of the Constitution that has never been changed. It establishes the structure of the government
    The Document consists of :

    THE DOCUMENT

  2. The Articles ( seven ) – that establish the branches of the government and list their duties and responsibilities.

SECTION TWO

THE CONSTITUTION :

  1. Right to freedom of religion

  2. Right to freedom of speech

  3. Right to bear arms, or to won weapons

  4. Right to a trail when accused of a crime and to know of what crime one is accused of

  5. Right to own property and to expect the government cooperation In protection private property.

PRINCIPLE TWO

Government by the people – the people have the authority to :

  1. Delegate their authority to their representatives in the government

  2. Elect their representatives or even change the laws or the constitution

When they believe these changes need to be made

PRINCIPLE THREE
Separation of powers – giving each branch of the government different powers.

SEPERATION OF POWERS

The constitution defines three distinct branches of the national government, each with its won powers :
The Branches are :
1. The legislative branch – represented by a congress ( House of Representatives and Senate )
2.The executive branch
3. The judicial ( judiciary ) branch

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

LEGISLATIVE
Composed of :
Congress : House of Representative and Senate
Powers :
Makes or passes laws ( enacts laws)

EXECUTIVE
Composed of :
President, Vice President, Departments, Independent Agencies
Powers :
provides leadership, enforces

JUDICAL
Composed of :
Supreme Court, Lower Courts
Powers:
explains and interprets laws, settles lawsuits


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