IMG 14

Indtrx

Anthropology (Continued)

See ulso Mach'* book CtJlure and Me-chanict

And-Scmitism: its sprcad in Pragce and Mach'* opposition to it, 80-83, 133: mcntioncd, 22, 158 Anti-viviscc;ion. See VivisectSon Antolik, Kail: w rotę on spark wam, tofi A priorism: fasorcd by Dinglcr, opposcd by Mach, 192, 265

Aristotle: rneniiuned, 61, 196, 297, 357 Arnim, Bcttina von: mcntioncd, 61 Arrhcnius, Svantc: prominent student of Bolizmann, 222

As ij philosophy (of Hans Vaihingcr): opposcd by Mach, 176, 195 Athcism: Mach'* ucecptancc of, 37, 78, 128, 165, 167; threatened with criti-cism bccause of, 82; criticizcd becausc of, 191; Berkeley’» opposition to, 244; mcntioncd, 158

Atomie facts (Wittgcn«an^,s vicw in his Tractatus): rclatcd to Mach’* theory of clcmcnts, 185, 200, 231, 309 Atormsm, physical:

—Atoms, reality of: Mjch'» conccption of atoms, 34, 321-322; Mach’* opposition to, 33. 34. 57. 65, 87-88, 213, 224, 279. 304-305. 320, 321; microscnsa-dons as atoms, 322-323; Mach's finał position on, 3x9-324; atoms as hypo-thctical entities, 138, 217, opposition to Mach*s position on, 131, 206, 213, 216-217, 221, 226, 245 —Atoms, theory of: usc iii chemistry, 27, 30, 32; Mach’* carly attitudc ioward, 32-33, 57; Mach’s usc of non-Eudidcan geometry in conneaion with, 66, 310-3x2: provisional valuc of, 34, 1x8-119, 177, 2*3. 321; Mach’$ opposition to, x, 21. 34. 42. 43. 67. 85, 88. 89. 118-119, 147, 178, 258. 265. 312, 320-321; opposition to Mich'i vie\vs on, 24, 87, 88, 159, 204-206, 209-210, 214-317, 299; Mach'* allics 00, 167, 169, 196, 206-207, 267; Planck'* switch on. 218, 220, 236; Einstein'* attempt to change Mach'* opposition to, 253, 265, 351; mcntioncd, 120, 140, 148, 245, 310 Atomism, psychologu-d: Mach’* theory of element* in relation to, 58-59, 65-66; Mach darifics his position towird, 227; opposed by Einstein, 257 Auer, A.: rejccted Mach'* idea* on micro-photography, 16

Aoguntine, Saint: unsucccssful analytis of rimc, 67

Austria:

—Acadcmy of Science: Mach'* member-ship in and contributions to, 53, 75-76, 110, 273; mcntioncd, 24, 60 —History of: last liberał gorernment of, 154; desperate pchtical situation in, 182; assassination of Austnan premier, 256. 300-301; rationalc for World War I, 294

—House of Peers (Herrenhaus); mem-bership in. 180-181, 232; Mach's votes in, 235; speech on adult educaiion, 132 —Mach'* philosophical influence in, 154-t6i. 181—1S8. 207, 300-311 —Soćal Dcrr.ocratic Party of. See Social-ism, Austrian

Avcnarius, Richard: backgrcund of, 77, 189; Mach'* philoiophical ally, 73, 77, X2i; philosophical influence, 182-183, 191, 202, 339; mcntioncd, 89, 122. 273 Asogadro, Amedeo: Cannizzaro rcvived idcas of, 30

Avogadro's number: relation to Lo-schmidt'* number, 87

Bacon, Francis: mcntioncd, 28, 179 Bahr, Hermann; impressed by Mach'* ego theory. J35, 187; critical of Maeh's attraction toward Buddhism, 293 Balliitics: Mach'* work photographing projectilcs, 105-115; ballistic pcndti-lum, 106; sub and supersonic projcc-tiles, z 1 o; Mclson'* thesis disproved, iii; fint blowndown wind tunnrl, 114; defense of Mach’s 3ccomplish-ments, 223; mcntioncd, 310. See Shock waves

Ballor, Buys: confirmed Doppler efTect, 17 BSrJny, Robert; mcntioncd, 54 Bazaroy, V. (Russian Martin and sup-porter of Mach): translatcd Mart into Russian, 240; in Capri, 242; position in Soviet Russia, 246 Bccoming-Scicnce (provisional or "lad-der" science, evcntually to be di*:arded in favor of cnd-*cicnce): describrd, 176; Mach'* influence on Duhem, 196; concrasted with vicw* c.f Boltzmann, 215; mentioned, 185, 313-314 Bcer, Theodor (physiologist and followcr of Mach): jail term and Buddhiit eon-łolation, 287-288

Bccthoven, Ludwig van: mentioned, 239 Behaviorism: Watson'* cpistcmology eon-fused, 70; Mach rcjected, 71; men-tioncd, 202

lndex

Pchavioristics: Ncurath'* ' physicalistid" doctrine, 304

Bćkćsy. Georg von; mvcsugatcd Mach bands outside visual system, 50 Bell, Charles: idcas on specific nerve ener-Ki«. 55

Bell, F-. T.: mentioned, 195 Bellarminc, Cardinal Robert: opposcd Co-pernican theory ai a theory of reality, 169; favored a cescribe-and-rclatc-the-appearances purpose of science, 35, 167, 170; Mach helpcd rcvivc his view of science, 101, 216; Picrrc Duhem an open followcr of, 194, 196; mcntioncd, 2*5. 245

Bcrgmann, Gustav: member of Vicnna Cirde, 302

Bergson, Hcnri: opposcd positivism, 194, 197; opposcd Mach's psychophysical parallelism, 197

Berkeley, Bishop Gcorgc: Mach rcad, 26: philosophy described, 35, 127; similari-ties in his criticism of Newton’* idcas with that of Mach, ix, 95-97; Lenin'* criticism of, 244, mentioned, xi, 124. 152, 171, 296

Berkeley, Humr, and Kant uadition (an attempt to substitutc phenominalism for causal realism as the philosophical toundation of modem science): men tioncd, vii, 127, 198, 296 Berlin: Mach’s philosophical influence in, 190-192

Bernard, Claudc: mentioned, 165 Besso, Michele: Mcchist friend of Einstein, 248; defended Mach and Adler against Einstein, 256 Biological occds, Mach's theory of the need to satisfy: relation to theory of economy, 27; Mach’* cxternal purpose of science, 28; as applied to psychol-ogy, 71; as applied to thrnry of edu-ution, 132: relation to pragmańsm and William James. 27. 28. 126-128; problem* in reconriling it with phe-nomenalism, i7&-«77: inconsistent with Buddhism, 298: rejected by New Kcal-ism, 203; mentioned. 104, 165 r.lood pressiire esperiments: Mach'* work and instnimcnts, 20-21, 106 llogdanoy. Alexandcr: Leading Russian Machist, 239-246: his preface to Mach's Analyńs of Senuidom. 239: nvalr/ and controsrnic* with Lenin, 241-246; apparent suicidc, 246 Bohr Nicls: understanding atomie spectra (whrre Mach failed). 312: Bohr'* in-

deterninist and bolistic philosophy. 3i4-3^ł5: his support of the Copen-hagen interpretation, 318 Bolt/mann, Ludwig: background and life of, 24, 146, 150, 159, 308. 209; depression and suicidc, ix, 147, 207. 212. 213; work on the Kinctic theory of gases and statinical mechanici, 87-88, 219-321, 266; his vicws cńticucd by Mach and followcrs, 89, 147, 206-207, 209; his attempt* to undersund Mach’s idcas, 87, 97, ri7, iao, 178. his developmcnc of his owo philosophy, 88, 89, 119-120, 211-216, 298; philosophical attacks on Mach and Ostwald, 104, 154, 157, 304-216; mentioned, 183, 184. 18Ć, 218, 247. 248, 253, 319 Boltzinamiizcd Machism: desenption of,

214-215

Boring, Edwin G. (historian of psychol-ogy): mentioned, 59, 62, aoi, 303, 230, 261

Born, Max: supported Einstein"* special theor/ of relatisuty, 350; opposed Mach’* theory of economy, 297-298 Boruttau, H.: member of the (Berlin) Socicty for Positiv»tic Philocophy, 192 Boutroux, Emile: mentioned, 195 Bouvicr, Robert: analyzed Mach’s attra:-tion toward Buddhism, 295 Boyle, Robert: influcnced Newton on treating mass as a pnmary ąualiry, 334: mentioned. xi

Brauner, Bohuslav (fermer student of Mach): denied that Mach had changcd his opposition to atemism, 320-321 Brentano, Clemcns: mentioned, 61 Brentano, Franz (Austrian psychologist and philosopher): life and philosophy, 61-62: influence, 62, 200, 228. 269. 317; rrligious coniroscriie*. 61-63; Mach'* relation* with Brcn:ano, 61. 166; Mach’* followcrs against Brcntano, 159-161; mentioned, 139, 1S0 "Brcntano'* chair" (Brentano resigned hv* profccsorship and it was kept open for him for sescral ycars): mentioned. 150, 154

Brcthon, Baron Klaudius Waldiricd: cm-ployed Ernst Mach'* father as a tutor, 4 Breucr, Joscf (Austrian psychologist and physiologńt): woikcd 011 motor sen sations, 52-53: went beyood Mach'* work, 54; worked with Freud on hys-teria, 71

Brewstcr, David: Mach critical of his re-

ligious yiews, 291

379