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Bndgman, Laura: deaf-mule studied by Icrusalcns, 159

Broglie, Louis dc (ąuantum thcorist): op-poscd Copinhagcn intcrprctation, 313 Brown, Cruru: workcd on motor sensa* tions, 53; mcniioncd, 54 Hrownian motion (random molccular moscmcnt in a solution): Einstein*! cxplanation of, 216-217, :49 Bruckc, lirnw Wilhelm von: hclpcd in-tcicst Mach in physiology, 15, ao-ai; opposcd to vitalism, $6; opposcd Her-u»g's retum to Vi*nna, 146 Hi umt School (Morasia): Gusuv Jau-mann’s continuum physics, 268, 317 Brunner, C.: co-author of Mach tcxtbook, 140

Brush, Stephen (physicist and historian of science): desertbed Planck's attempt to persuade Mach to acccpt atomism, 324-325

Bryan, G, H.: deserixd Boltzmann*s visit tu Ettgland, 204

Buchner, Ludwig: a monistic materialist, 57; influenced Einstein, 247; men-tioned, 131

Bucket cxpcriment: Ncwton's original dcscription of, 101; Mach’s criticisms uf, 101-104; Einstein uses Mach'* criticisms and coins phrase "Mach principle," 103-104, 254; Thirring at-tcinpls tu provc Mach'* criticism cor rcct, 183. Sec ulso Mach principle Buddha, Gautama: Machs personality rcscmblanccs to, 161, 253; first posi dvist, 129

Buddhism: Mach*s relation to, 286-299; Mach's idcas uted to help spread Bod dhism, 159, 287-288; other posilivists influenced by it, 129, 287-290, 292-293, 298; relation to phenomenalism, 193, 296; anmhilation of will, 211; Mach*s "Buddhist conscicncc," 287; no ego, 288; eli/mnation of desires, 292 293, 297-298; Mach*s respcct for life, 293; Buddhist tbeory of economy, 297-298; no pcrsonal immorulity, 37, 389; opposcd to science and practical life, 296-298, 356

Bukharin, Nikolai: rnentioncd, 246 Bunge, Mario: critical of Mach's attempt to dcrivr dynamics from kinematies, 335336

Burschemchaften (nationalistic student groups); rnentioncd, 74-75. 78-83 Burtt, E. A. (historian of the philotophi-

cal aisumptions of modern science): Ncwton's epistcmology different frem that of Mach, 90

Carnpanclla, Tommaso: rnentioncd, 357 Cannizzaro, Stanislau: revived Avogadro’s law. 30

Gapretta, Patrick J.: bclicved Mach** gc-stalt interpretation hindered dcvelop-ment of Gcstalt theory, 48; work in Kulpę‘s laboratory, 230. Sec aho Ge-stalt psychology

Cnrnap. Rudolf; background, 302-304; Machs influence on, 185, 303; Witt-gcnstcin*s influence on. 184, 307-309; Dingler*s influence nn, 302-304: his narrow theory of rcfercncc, xi, 303; his linguistic rcductionism. 130, 303-304; influenced Schlick, 302; unaware of imagclcss thoughts, 230-231; men-tioned, xi

Carolina incidcnt (Germans ve. Czechs in Praguc): Mach's involvement, 74-75. 78

Carus, Paul: Machs fr;end and American cditor, 128-129; his strong aitraction toward Buddhism, 129, 287-288. 290; rnentioncd, 45, 270, 279 Causal cxplan2tion: Mach's opposition to in favor of functional cxpIanation, 7, 8. 37, 98, 150, 198, 203; in temu of forccs or agents, 92-93, 13:; in terms of laws, 85-86, 249; in terms of stimulus-rcsponsc psychology, 70; in terms of ąuantum statistical approach, 316-317; rnentioncd, 26, 195. Sec 2I10 Causcj; Mathcmatical functians Causal indeterminism: as uscd in ąuantum theory, 315-316 Causal realistn (rcality of forccs as causes): defincd, xi, 10-11; comparcd with phenomenalism, ti Causal theory of perception: Bertrand Russell defended it, 201 Causes: Newton'* distinction betwccn phyiical and mathcmatical, 92-93, 103, 357; as agents or forccs, 131; as rcla-tionjl constancies, 102-103; as laws, 349; as efficient, 90; Mach’t rcjcction of as agents, forccs, or laws, 104, 164, •293; rnentioncd, 296, 306. Sec aho Causal cxphnation

Certainty: Mach's bclkf in absolutc cer-taimy of scniatiom, 27, 31, 168, 176; Kulpę’* attack on Mach'* belief, 229-

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23°: rnentioncd, 193, 256-257, 265. See alce Infallihility Chassepót bullet*. See Md sens’ thesis Chemistry: molccular behasior of liquid.s, 21; Avog;wlro’i work rcvivcd, 30; Mach’s phenomenalistie conccption of, 86. 311; atomless chemistry of Ostwald and Mach’* followers, 89, 117, 206-207, 268; rnentioncd, 30, 131. See also Atomism, physic.il Chian, Hans: menrionrd. 83 Child psycholog)': Mach’s vicws, 68-71; what rcactions learned, which instinc-tivc, 69

Chinese culturc: Mach’s attraction toward and knowledge of, 286 Chirlitz (Moravia): Mach‘s birthplacc, 5 Chmclka, rritz: wrote artidc supporting vicw Mach finally acccptcd rcality of atoms, 330. See also Spinthariscope cpisodc

Christianity. See Religion Chrlicc. Ser Chirlitz

Christian Socialist Party (Austria). See Religion

Classical physics: Hertz’s distinction, 119; Boltzmann'* defense of, 119, 216. See also Newton, Isaac; Modem physics Clausius, Rudolf: rnentioncd, 84-85, 87, 219. See also Entropy law Clemenceau, Gcorgcs: rnentioncd, 294 Olifford, William Kingdon: idcas similar to Mach. 124; influenced Bertrand Russell. 199

Clock paradox (F.instcin’s theory of rela-tivity): Mach commentcd on it, 276; Einstein rcjected Pctzoldt’* understand-ing of it, 282. See also Rclativity, Einstein^ theory of Color theory:

_Mach’s (six coior theory): described.

58; resised by Henng, 58-60 —Hering‘s (tliree contrasted pairs theory): described, 59-60 --Young-Helmholtz (three color theory): Mach opposcd to it, 57-59 Common sensc: Galilcan approach to dc-fined. ii, 10; contrasted with Mach’* vicws, si, 98-93. 103-104. 138; with Buddhism. 296-297. 356; with naive and SCOttilh rcalism, xi; with referrn-ii.il phcnomcnalism, 34; with Huhte\ vicws, 172; with Kant‘s. 221; with Einstein’* generał theory. 255; with Carnap’*, 304: with the yerification theory of rneaning, 306; compatiblc

with forccs as causes, 8; with stimulus-response rtplanation, 70; with the mcntaJ character of sensatioos, 90-91; with resident force. 92: with New-tonian physics. 103-104: with rrspect for evidcnce. 177-178: undermined by Berkeley, Humc, and Kant, 296; in-duded in the triad of Western va!ue systems, 297; rnentioncd, 171, 203 Compendium oj Physics lor Medteal Student! (Mach’s first teztbook): hased on his physics lcctures as a privatdozent, 14; rnentioncd, 24. 139. 326. 328 Comle, Augustę: ideas of Mach compared with those of, 164-169, 331; influence of. 165-167, his rationalism, 194; be-lief in unity of science, 168; his phenomenalistie purpose of science, 35; like Watson hc opposcd introspective psychology. 70; rnentioncd, 121, 198, 296, 303. See also Positisisn Conccpt: Mach’v definirion of, 68 Consciousncss: Mach’,\ definirion of, 31; Mach’s influence on James, 127; attempt of Schuppc, Husserl. and Vienna Cirde to restrict referencc to objects of consciousncss, 122, 303, 307; Kulpę'* discoverie.s concerning, 230: mentioned. 55, 229, 331. See also Referencc. theory of

Conscrvation of cncrgy (First law of thcrmodynamics): Mach’* idras on, 84-85; work of Hclmholtz on, 56 Conserrasion of Energy (Machs first book on theorctical physics and philosophy): his definirion of mass, 07-9S; on ener getics, 11S; philosophical influence of, 116, 186-137. 252; book anticipatcd most of Mach’* latcr philtwophical ideas. 85-86; footnote referencc* to, 355-327. 33o-33>. 333. 335. 337. 342. 350. 360; mentioned, 43, 224. 353 Consonance: Mach rcjected Hclmholtz'* theory of, 57

Constant relation*: arr not causes, 98. to; Contcnt psychology. See Inirospcctwc p*v-cho!ogy

Continuum physics: opposcd to atomie theory, 2«o; Jaununn'* work in. :68, 3*7

Contradiction: Mach'* theory of the edu-cational valuc of, 138 Contńbutions 10 the Analysit o; Sensu-riont (Mach’» carlicr and shotter vcr-*ion of his A rui) sit of Senutiows): Mach cagcr to completc. 79; hca*ilv

381