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X PREFACE

I have attempted to make the bibliography as wide as possible, especially including those technical journals not easily accessible to English-speaking readers. There is no adeąuate solution to the difficulty of the transliteration of Russian names; I have, therefore, given what I believe to be the best transliteration for English-speaking readers on phonetic grounds, adding in parenthesis any foreign (usually German) transliteration which, although misleading to us, has been used by the Russian I author, when publishing in other languages. The names of Russian authors who have not published i in Russian are spelled as they are found in the I literaturę itself.

When this book was already in the hands of the I printers, I obtained a copy of the j Second Report I on Viscosity and Plasticity ” (1938), issued by the I Committee for the Study of Viscosity of the Academy H of Sciences at Amsterdam. The report will prove a I very valuable document to rheologists and contains I excellent articles especially on the naturę of viscosity, fl and on recent types of rheometer suitable for I industrial use. It is unfortunate that the report was ■ published too late for it to be possible to make ■ references to the individual papers in the appropriate I sections of this book.

I need hardly add that any additions or cor-1 rections to my references to the technological i applications of rheology which readers may have to ■ offer will be very gratefully received.

G. W. SCOTT BLAIR.

Reading,

July, 1938.

CONTENTS

Foreword.......v

PREFACE .    .    .    .    .    ix

Chapter I    .    .    .    .    .    .    i

Historical Background. Rangę of Applicability of Rheological Methods. Psychological Aspect. The Fluid State. Naturę of Viscosity. Poiseuille’s Law. Kinetic Energy and End-effect Ćorrections.

Chapter II    .    .    .    ■ .    .    .    14

Variations of Viscosity with Pressure and Temperaturę. Viscosity of Mixtures. Viscosity and Chemical Constitution.

Chapter Ul    ...    22

Anomalous Viscosities. Bingham's Equation. Applications to Paints, Dentifrices, Soils, Ceramics, Drilling Muds, Tale, etc.

Chapter IV .    .    .    .    29

Modifications of Bingham's Eąuation. Buckingham-Reiner Eąuation. Pług Flow. Wall Efiects.

" Sigma ” Phenomenon in the Paint and Ceramic Industries. Orientation. Electric Fields. Chrono-photographic Methods.

Chapter V ......    42

Concentric Cylinder Viscometers. The Elastic Properties of Sols. Flow-elasticity. Relaxation. Maxwell’s Eąuation and its Modifications. Technical Viscometers (Redwood, Saybolt and Engler Types).

The Bingham-Murray Viscometer and its Modifications. Its Application to Starches, Paints, Nitro-cellulose and Honey.

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