8290614315

7. Opublikowane badania własne

I ucl 117!201«;224-229

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I 1 SI \ li R

Fuel

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Identifying the illegal removal from diesel oil of certain Chemical markers that designate excise duty

|. Orzeł ', M. Daszykowski ’ 1. Grabowski^b, G. Zaleszczyk^b, M. Sznajder¹*

'Jnfllltiie of Chemiirry. The Unrvrrrify of Siksio. 9 Szkolna Sfrm. 40-006 Karowicf. Polonu

‘Cusioms Chamber of Cusiami Labaroiory m Biało Podlaska. 21 Celnika* Palikich SireeL 21-500 Slota Podlaska Polani

H1CHLICHTS

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Proctdurr of rebated u* diesel oil disroloration was perfarmed in a laboratory.

Fluorescence properties of discolored rebated tan diesel oil were studied.

• On the basis of 90 fluorescence signals discrimination models were constmrted.

■ A tool for discolored diesel oil discrimination is proposed.

ARTICLE INFO

ABSTRACT

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Krywerdt

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The fluorescent finferprinis of diesel oil samples were investifated in order io develop a fast and cost-effective method to facilitate the discrimination of rebated tai diesel fuel from oil tbat is illegally pro-cessed by the sorption pmcess. In the eiperiment oil samples were spiked with a fiscal marker (Solvent Yellow 124) and a dye (Solvent Red 19) and then these were removed using a simulated sorption process. The eicitation-emission fluorescence fingerprints were recorded for each sample. Oiscriminant models were constructed on the basis of fluorescence spectra to distinguish oil samples with respect to four pos-sible discrimination sehemes (corresponding to the concentranons of Chemical additives) llsing discnm-inant partial least squares models. in all of the discrimination cases that were considered. 100% of the samples from the model set were discriminated correctly. Prediction results for the test set samples were encouraging and varied between 77% and 100% of correctly discriminated samples.

C 201) Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

1. Introdurdon

Diesel oil is a complex mixture of different Chemical com-pounds. The major componenis of diesel are saturated and aro-matic hydrocarbon compounds (usually containing from 8 to 21 carbon aloms per molecule with a boiling point between 290 and 310 °C) 111. Their amounts in commercially available diesel oil vary within a wide rangę. Different additives are also used to modify and improve the properties of a fuel and this considerably in*

• Canesponding aulhor Tel. «4S 32 359 1568: fan *48 32 259 9978. E-ntaiJ addrro    (M Daszykowski X

0016-2361/S - sw from matirr c 2013 Elsevier Ud All rights rrsrrvrd.

tup -.'(is doi.oig;in.lOI6/j.(iif1.2Cl 1.09X129

creases the Chemical variabi!ity of samples. Among the additives used. there are some that increase the cetane number. depressants. corrosion inhibitors. antioxidants. biocides. anti-foaming additives. dyes. markers. bio components (e.g. famę acid methyl esters -FAMĘ), etc. Chemical additives are incorporated into the oil in var-ious concentrations and thus diesel oil properties are deliberately modified. Consequentły. oil can be characterized according to different criteria. for example, ąualiry. which can be described by the cetane number. density. viscosity or sulfur content of the fuel 121. The proposed use of diesel oil can be regarded as yet another dassification criterioa It is commonly used for vehide transport, heating. driving agricultural machinery and shipping goods. Diesel

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