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lidatiori intórieure pent etre effectuśe par les Boumains seuls, mais, quant k la consolidation en dehors, elle n’est possible que par l’union fraternelle avec ses voisins qui lui portent des sympathies. Puisse cette maxime, & 1’instar de 1’ótoile populaire, conduire toujours les Boumains, les Grecs et les Serbes”. ⁴²

Though not formally recorded by a convention the Bomanian-Serbian alliance was a reality representing a mutual assistance agreement in case of an agression by a foreign country. ⁴³

The campaign to attract the other States of South-Eastern Europę, as well as other peoples which were fighting to acquire their national independence constituted another process⁴⁴ which contributed to the accumulations which led to the qualitative leap, accomplished by the 1877—1878 war sanctioned by the Berlin Treaty : both Eomania and Serbia were recognized as independent States and Bułgaria as a tributary self-governing state.⁴⁵

The Bomanian-Serbian relations in this period included also a military collaboration ensuring a defensive hne in case of an external agression, which might have followed an intervention, with “diplomatic” covering ⁴®.

⁴²    Sec United Pnncipalities' Agency in Belgrade to Prince⁹ s Cabinet, July 27, 1864 m “Agency...”, Annex no. 24, p. 44. Austna and Turkey feared that the Muntenegro would also be included in this alliance “Ich glaube mcht fehl zu geben—pubhshed the “Wanderer” news-paper, April 22, 1864 — wenn ich Ihnen die Aufnahme Montenegros in das Serbisch-Roma-nische Bundnis rigulasiere...”.

⁴³    See United Pnncipalities' agent in Belgrade to the ruling prince, Belgrade, December 17/29, 1863, MAE, vol. no. 278, sheet 24^r-26^r.

⁴⁴    Ncgotiations were carned on between Serbia and Greece from 1860 aiming at an entente between all Bałkan States and nations. The close and co-ordinated Romanian-Serbian relations, the alliance between Serbia and Montenegro (1866), the Serbian agreement with the Bul-garian emigrants (January 1867) as well as the Serbian-Greek agreement (September 1867) represent aspects of this complex diplomatic action. Cf. Grgur Jaksić and J. Vucković, CwaHHa naJiHTana CpbHje sa cji6e HHeaa MHxaH;ia (IIpeH EaJinaHCKH CaBe3). Politica. Extern£ a Serbiei ln vremea domniei lui Mihail Obrenovici (Prima ahan{£ balcanic£). (Foreign pohey of Serbia during Mihail Obrenovitsh’s reign (First Bałkan alliance), Belgrade, 1963,. pp. 366 and foli.; See also the review of this work, by S. Iancouitsh, in “Studn” (Studies) vol. 17, 1964, no. 6, pp. 1444 — 1449; St. Stanoćuitsh, Les relations serbo-grecques, Pans, 1918,. extrait de no. 8 et 9 des “Etudes Franco-grecąues” (November and December 1918, p. 6).

⁴⁵    See Documente prwind istona Romdniei. Rdzboiul pentru independenfd (Documents regarding the history of Romania. The War of Independence), vol. IX, Bucharest, Ed. Acad. R P.R., 1952, pp 370-385.

⁴⁴ The Serbian weapons incident (see p. 184 infra) constitutes a conclusive example a telegraphic message from Calafat announced that an armed force of 3,000 Turks were sailing the Danube to Serbia. Serbians gathered 10,000 men and installed two artillery battenes in front of the Gruia locahty tlirough which the weapons were to be transported. Guza being; announced from Belgrade, hkewise sent to Gruia 1,000 men and an artillery battery including reserves (See Prince⁹s Cabinet to our country⁹s agencies in Constantinople and Pans, Bucharest, December 7/19, 1862, MAE vol. no. 277 sheet 113^r), their misssion being “to safeguard the weapons of the Serbian ruling prince until these arms leave the terntory of our country” (See Instructions to captain Angelescu m his mission (point 3), December 2, 1862, Library of the Academy, MS Section, Cuza Archwes, vol. no. X, sheet 555^r — 556^r). The concern ex-pressed by the English ambassador to the Porte, Sir Henry Bulwer, that the transport of the: