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CHAPTER *TV

68

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very much orient, ed to favour p rodne t. i v i ty and eoonomio fiff iniency h a s beoome In real 1 ty oh.sole te and * u n p r o ri u o 1.1 v e ' . Morę generał forma of eduoat.ion, morę adequat.e to respond to t.he need of mobili ty and flexih1l1t.y eon ld prove far morę *produot. ive* .

8 • t h «_htt_»__nJiiiiiEft_J.n__

L.££.?_.-    __iDjfif.ve n t |nn and,._*ore_r egnJ[a t l^pn _»nd_pontro.1

Tn emphaslzlng t.he need for morę e f f e o 1.1 v e expans1ve poi i ci ea we are al«o advooat.ing a .morę pervasive st.at.e 1nt.ervent.1on In t.he eoonomio sphere.. Tf, on t.he one hand _f we share a cri t.ioa 1 afct. it.ude t.oward past. poi ioies and a ta te aotlona , we, on t.he ot.her hand, do not Int.end to trans late t. his oonoern Int.o an unorit. inal exalt. a t. łon of t.he market and pr1vat.e hehaviours. We hel1eve t.hat. a oorreot. halanoe het.ween Micro and maoro-pol iolas should he hased on recognizing t.hat ■ aoro-polloies oannot. he suooessfnl 1f t.hey do not t.ake proper aooount. of 1nd1vidna1 responses. The lat.t.er, however , are not at. all neoessarlly rat.lonal or sooially aooept.ahle, so t.hat. what. is In order i a, first. of all, to endow t.he ptihllc seot.or In generał wlt.h t.he adequat.e poi 1o1ea and t.ools t.o oarry out. an effeot. ive o on t. roi of t.hese responses.

We aoknowledge, however, t.hat. nur argument.s mlght. he ohjeot.ed hy point. Ing out t.hat. t.here 1s no neoessary reason t.o bel1eve or to hołd t.hat. t.he pubiło seot.or hehaves 1n a rat. 1onal and sooially aooept.ahle fashion eit.her. How oan we he surę t.hat. p n h 1 1 o deolslons and poi Ioies are aot.ually morę rat.lonal and s a t. i s f a o t.o r y from t.he sooial point. of view? CannoT. t.hese poiIoies he ornclal ly Influenoed and blased hy part. 1o u lar vest.ad int.erest.s (polit. iolans',    hnreaucrats ¹ ,

ollent.eles* Int.erest.s) as mu oh as pr1vat.e deoislons and

a ot. ions are? There are no a prl_or1 guarant.ees t.hat. puhlic

hehaviours are sooially preferahle t.o t.he pr1vate ones; a oonoeptlon of t.he sta t.e whloh s ho u Id predloat.e su oh an a priori superior! t.y of t.he puhlio seot.or won Id he eit.her t.oo na1ve or suspioiousły part i san.

People    are    inoreasingly unsat.isfied    wit.h puhlio

i nt.ervent i ons . Di s sat. i s f aot. i on oonoerns hot.h regulatory a ot. ivit.y and t.he sphere of t.he direot. prodnot. ion of puhlio goods and serv1oes. As t.o t.he former aspeot., people oomplaln t.he exoess of rules and t.heir exoessive fornal ism. They oomplaln at t.he Inahllit.y of puhlio goods and servioes t.o effeot. ively sat. 1 s f y t.heir needs, at. t. he ineffioienoy and t.he wast.age whloh oharaoterl ze t.he prooess of prodnot łon of puhlio goods and servioes, at. t.he unneoessary ooupl exi ty of prooedures t.o fol Iow t.o have aooess t.o t.hem, at. t.he vexaoious a 1.1. It.udes of t.he hu rea nor a t.s .

We t.hlnk t.hat. t.he reaot.lon agalnst. regulat.lons 1s a very speoifio and limit, e d oase of host. ilit.y, hasloally inspired and ¹ Inflat.ed* hy few powerful lohhles aot.lng In a llmit.ed numher of seot.ors, like t.eleoommunloation and transport. The ' der egu 1 a 1.1 on oampalgn', 1 ed In t.he ordlnary press hy mich