Wprowadzenie punktów monitorowych do modelu:
history metka wartość_monitorowana i= j=
JOB TITLE :
wartości:
FLAC (Version 4.00)
3.250
LEGEND
2.750
30-Dec-07 16:08
step 0
-5.000E-01 -5.000E-01 2.250
sxx syy sxy
Grid plot
0 1E 0
1.750
History Locations
1
vsi ssi
1.250
xdisplacement ydisplacement
0.750
0.250
2
-0.250
Itasca Consulting Group, Inc.
Minneapolis, Minnesota USA
-0.250 0.250 0.750 1.250 1.750 2.250 2.750 3.250
Wyświetlanie informacji
z punktów monitorowych:
plot grid history
plot history n
print history
Obliczenia uruchamia się komendą solve (obliczenia trwają do momentu
ustabilizowania się modelu)
hist 1 unbalance
plot history 1
Obliczenia w dowolnym momencie można zatrzymać naciskając
Wyniki obliczeń zapisywane są do pliku komendą: save nazwa_pliku.sav
Aby wprowadzić do programu wyniki wcześniejszych obliczeń zapisanych
komendą save, używa się komendy: restore nazwa_pliku.sav
Post-Processing
plot sxx fill - wyświetlenie na monitorze rozkładu naprężeń poziomy w modelu
plot syy fill - wyświetlenie na monitorze rozkładu naprężeń pionowych w modelu
plot sxy fill zero - wyświetlenie na monitorze naprężeń ścinających w modelu
plot disp - wyświetlenie na monitorze wypadkowych przemieszczeń w modelu
plot xd fill - wyświetlenie na monitorze przemieszczeń poziomych w modelu
plot yd fill - wyświetlenie na monitorze przemieszczeń pionowych w modelu
plot ssi fill - wyświetlenie na monitorze wartości odkształceń postaciowych
plot vsi fill - wyświetlenie na monitorze wartości odkształceń objętościowych
plot stat blo - wyświetlenie na monitorze obszarów zniszczeń w modelu
plot bou mag lub plot grid mag - wyświetlenie zniekształceń brzegu (siatki) w modelu
Zdefiniowanie formatu eksportu rysunków z programu:
set plot jpg
set plot clip
set plot dxf
Zdefiniowanie eksportu do pliku:
set plot jpg
set out c:\nazwa_pliku.jpg
plot pen grid
Zdefiniowanie drukowania:
set out lpt1 lub set plot win
plot pen grid
Structural elements
" Beams
" Cables
" Supports
Beam elements have 3 degrees of freedom (DOF s), i.e. they may move in
x-direction, in y-direction and may bend themselves by rotation in the ending
points. Beams have elastic behavior but we may define max. bending moment.
Beam elements are used usually for modelling of concrete or wooden lining,
for yielding arches or building (skeleton) structures etc.
For beams we need define:
" Young modulus
" density of material (opcional)
" cross-section
" moment of inertia
or
" height
" width
structure beam begin grid i1,j1 end grid i2,j2 prop=n
and optionally
structure beam begin x1,y1 end x2,y2 prop=n
7 additional values.
structure beam long from i1, j1 to i2, j2 prop=n
structure beam begin grid i1,j1 end x2,y2 prop=n
Można łaczyć współrzędne, np.:
structure prop=n e= i= area= density=
structure prop=n e= height= width= density=
JOB TITLE : (*10^1)
gr 20 20
FLAC (Version 6.00)
2.000
m e
LEGEND
29-Jan-11 17:31
step 0
gen circle 10,10,5
-3.333E+00 1.500
-3.333E+00 mod null reg 10,10
Grid plot
0 5E 0
;concrete lining
Beam plot
1.000
;automatic beaming - clockwise
0.500
struc beam long from 10,6 to 10,6 prop=1
struc prop=1 e=13.8e9 i=2.8e-4 a=0.15
0.000
plot hold grid beam red
AGH-UST Department of Geophysics
Division of Mining Geophysics
0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000
plot hold grid structure element
(*10^1)
grid 5,5
m e
JOB TITLE :
pl hold model grid
FLAC (Version 6.00)
; excavation
5.000
LEGEND
29-Jan-11 17:53
model null i=3 j=3
step 0
4.000
-8.333E-01 -8.333E-01 pl hold model grid
Grid plot
3.000
0 2E 0
;installing of metal lining (manual beaming)
Beam plot
2.000
struc beam begin grid 3,3 end grid 4,3 prop=1
struc beam begin grid 3,3 end grid 3,4 prop=1
1.000
struc beam begin grid 4,3 end grid 4,4 prop=1
0.000
struct beam begin grid 3,4 end grid 4,4 prop=1
AGH-UST Department of Geophysics
Division of Mining Geophysics
0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000
struc prop=1 e=200e9 i=2.3e-5 area=4.8e-3
pl hold model grid beam yellow
Definition of behavior of connections in nodes.
struc node=n fix - stabilization of DOF s in node  n
struc node=n free - 3 DOF s, default value in node  n
struc node=n load fx fy mom - initial values of x-force, y-force and banding
moment in node  n
gr 4 4
m e
JOB TITLE :
FLAC (Version 6.00)
struc prop=1 e=17.58e9 i=0.0104 a=0.5
2 4
5.000
LEGEND
struc prop=2 e=18.01e9 i=0.0124 a=0.4
30-Jan-11 15:45
struc prop=3 e=16.50e9 i=0.0108 a=0.25
step 0
1 3
4.000
-1.333E+00 struc prop=4 e=19.37e9 i=0.0113 a=0.12
-8.333E-01 Grid plot
3.000
struc beam beg 1,4 end 1,5 prop=1
0 2E 0
Structural Node Numbers
struc beam beg 3,4 end 3,5 prop=2
struc beam beg 1,4 end 3,4 prop=3
2.000
struc beam beg 1,5 end 3,5 prop=4
1.000
struc node=1 fix r
struc node=3 fix r
0.000
struc node=2 Load 0 -1e6 0
struc node=4 Load 0 -1e6 0
AGH-UST Department of Geophysics
Division of Mining Geophysics
-0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500 4.500
plot hold grid struc node red
struct support x,y prop=p
grid 20 20
struc prop=p kn= yprop=
m e
gen circ 10,10,5
kn - axial stiffness or
mod null reg 10,10
yprop - compressive yield strength
struc support 10,10 width 2 segment 2 prop=1
struc prop=1 kn=4e6
pl hold grid supp red
JOB TITLE : (*10^1)
FLAC (Version 6.00)
2.000
LEGEND
29-Jan-11 18:23
step 0
-3.333E+00 -3.333E+00 Grid plot
0 5E 0
Support plot
1.000
0.500
0.000
AGH-UST Department of Geophysics
Division of Mining Geophysics
0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000
(*10^1)
grid 20 20
m e
gen circ 10,10,5
mod nul reg 10,10
struc support 10,10 width 2 segment 2 prop=1
; specify force displacement relation for support
struct prop=1 kn table 5
table 5 0,0 0.2,0 0.4,0.4e7 10.0,0.4e7
Cables  these are structure elements which may be extended or compressed
during the movement of grid but they don t transfer banding moments.
This kind of structure is used for simulation of different types of bolts (e.g.
mechanical bolts, glued bolts, cemented bolts etc.).
We have to define the following values for cables:
" Cross section (area)
" Density (density) - optional
" Young modulus (e)
" Tensile yield strength (yield)
" Stiffness of the grout (kbond)
" Cohesive strength of the grout (sbond)
" Compressive yield strength (ycomp) - optional
structure cable begin grid i1,j1 end grid i2,j2 prop=n
structure cable begin x1,y1 end x2,y2 prop=n
Types of rock-bolts
gr 20 20
m e
gen arc 10,7 17,7 180
mark j=8 i=4,18
mod null reg 10,10
struc cable begin grid 7,14 end grid 2,20 prop=1
struc cable begin grid 11,15 end grid 11,20 prop=1
struc cable begin grid 15,14 end grid 20,20 prop=1
struc prop=1 yield=1e6 kbond=1e10 sbond=1e7 e=200e9 area=2e-3
plot hold grid cable red
JOB TITLE : (*10^1)
FLAC (Version 6.00)
1.800
LEGEND
29-Jan-11 22:20
step 0
-1.228E-01 1.400
-2.473E-01 Grid plot
0 5E 0
Cable plot
1.000
0.600
0.200
AGH-UST Department of Geophysics
Division of Mining Geophysics
0.200 0.600 1.000 1.400 1.800
(*10^1)
Plotting information about axial forces, displacements and bending moments in
JOB TITLE : (*10^1)
structural elements:
1.850
FLAC (Version 6.00)
1
1.750
LEGEND
2
30-Jan-11 11:00
plot struc axial fill
1.650
step 504
9.334E+00 9.316E+00 1.550
8
Axial Force on
3
Structure Max. Value
# 1 (Beam ) 9.035E+06
1.450
plot struc sdisp fill
Structural Element Numbers
1.350
4
1.250
7
plot struc xdisp fill
1.150
5
6
1.050
plot struc ydisp fill
AGH-UST Department of Geophysics
0.950
Division of Mining Geophysics
1.000 1.100 1.200 1.300 1.400 1.500 1.600 1.700 1.800
(*10^1)
plot struc mom fill (only for beams)
JOB TITLE : (*10^1) JOB TITLE : (*10^1)
1.850
1.850
FLAC (Version 6.00)
FLAC (Version 6.00)
1 1.750
1.750
LEGEND 1
LEGEND
2
2
30-Jan-11 11:07
30-Jan-11 11:02
1.650
step 504
1.650
step 504
9.334E+00 9.334E+00 9.316E+00 9.316E+00 1.550
1.550
8
8
Structural Element Numbers
3 Structural Element Numbers
3
Structural Displacement
Moment on
Max Value = 2.155E-02
Structure Max. Value
1.450
1.450
# 1 (Beam ) 1.039E+04
1.350
1.350
4
1.250 4
7
1.250
7
1.150
1.150
5
5
6
1.050
6
1.050
AGH-UST Department of Geophysics
0.950
AGH-UST Department of Geophysics
0.950
Division of Mining Geophysics
Division of Mining Geophysics
1.000 1.100 1.200 1.300 1.400 1.500 1.600 1.700 1.800
1.000 1.100 1.200 1.300 1.400 1.500 1.600 1.700 1.800
(*10^1)
(*10^1)