1 Individual learner differences


  1. Individual learner differences:

a) Social background (parents' education, material situation, skills at mother tongue)

b) Gender

c) Lateralization - right hemisphere (non-verbal, maths, feelings), left hemisphere (verbal, grammar, reading, thinking)

d) Age - Critical Period Hypothesis (based on Eric Lanneberg's findings, age of puberty -12)

The Case of Genie - since the age of 18 months in solitary confinement, couldn't speak

The wild boy of Aveyron (11/12 searching for food)

e) Motivation - Harmer - internal drive that encourages sb to pursue a course of action

=Extrincic motivation (INTEGRATIVE - being interested in culture, INSTRUMENTAL - to get good job, better position or status)

= Intrinsic motivation (physical condition of classroom, method, teacher, success)

f) Intelligence*

According to Locke there are 4 sources that support CPH:

= Learning 2nd language (immigrants before 7yo were fluent speakers, 15yo were not)

=Delayed exposure to the lang. (if you are not exposed at right time, difficulties to be fluent)

=Brain damage at different age (more likely to recover when young)

= Wolf children

AFFECTIVE DOMAIN

  1. SELF ESTEEM - how we judge ourselves, it can change according to our success

  2. INHIBITION - connected with reaction to mistakes (atmosphere)

  3. RISK TAKING - A successful learner experiments with language learning

  4. ANXIETY - trait (always have to worry about sth), state

  5. EMPATHY - putting oneself into someone else's shoes

  6. EXTRAVESION - confident, outgoing, don't like working alone, better at speaking, need other people to feel `good'

  7. INTROVERSION - shy, don't like talking, control what they are going to say, better at listening



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