19. HEALTH, HUMAN BODY

Human body

head	hlava		arm	paže		leg	noha		chest	hruď
hair	vlasy		shoulder	rameno		groin	třísla		breast	prsa
fface	obličej		armpit	podpaždí		hip	kyčel		nipple	bradavka
forehead	čelo		elbow	loket		thigh	stehno		belly	břicho
wrinkle	vráska		forearm	předloktí		knee	koleno		waist	pas
eyebrow	obočí		wrist	zápěstí		shin	holeň		navel	pupek
eye	oko		hand	ruka		calf	lýtko		back	záda
eyelashes	řasy		palm	dlaň		ankle	kotník		backside	zadek
eyelid	víčko		fingers	prsty		foot	noha		bottom	zadek
nose	nos		thumb	palec		heel	pata
nostril	nosní dirka		index f.	ukazováček		sole	chodidlo
moustache	knír		middle f.	prostředníček		toe	prst u nohy
cheek	tvář		ring f.	prsteníček
mouth	ústa		little f.	malíček
lips	rty
tongue	jazyk
tooth	zub
chin	brada
jaw	čelisti
neck	krk
throat	krk vevnitř
wrinkle	vráska

internal organs			skeleton	kostra
brain	mozek		skull	lebka
hearth	srdce		jaw	čelist
lung	plíce		spine, backbone	páteř
stomach	žaludek		ribs	žebra
intestine	střevo		collar bone	klíční kost
liver	játra		shoulder blade	lopatka
gall bladder	žlučník		pelvis	pánev
spleen	slezina		tail bone	kostrč
pancreas	slinivka		joint	kloub
appendix	slepé stř.
kidney	ledviny
bladder	močák
tonsils	mandle

Seeing a GP

We can see a doctor from two reasons. We can go to regular check-ups or we can be really ill. In the first case is habit to get an invitation card. In the second we should make an appointment, We have to wait in waiting room than we can go to surgery. When we come to

regular check-ups, we strip to the waist and the doctor listens to our lungs and heatrh (while we are taking a deep breath). He checks the blood pressure and feel our pulse. He can check our eyes too.

When we are really ill, we must describe our symptoms. Then he gives a prescriptionfor medicaments and recommend us to stay in bed and sweat.

Describing symptoms

We can sneeze (have a runny nose) and cough, have a sore throat going with hoarsing and our tonsils are swollen that's why we can't swallow. We can take our temperature and have a higher temperature or fever and also in heated room we are shivering with cold. We can feel sick and vomit. We can suffer a headache, stomachache, toothache, backache, eyesore, earache.

Doctor can ask us: „Does it hurt?“

And we: „My … is killing me!“ or „It's tichy.“ or „I feel sharp pain in…“ or „I'm getting ill.“

Medicaments and treatment

antibiothics	antibiotika
pills/tablets	prášky
drops	kapky
(coughing) mixture	sirup (proti kašli)
gargle	kloktadlo
ointment (against rash)	mastička (proti vyrážce)
Painkillers/pain relicvers	léky proti bolesti

For succesful treatment is important to use medicaments regulary. After using tablets which relive the pain we may feel a great relief. When we have a clu or tonsilitis, we should stay in bed, drink hot herbal tea and sweat. Sometimes it's recommended to apply a pack. It's important to stay calm and relax. Then we can recover from illness (get over, pick up).

However the best is to prevent health problems. We should do exercises regulary, keep fit and have a healthy diet at least.

Injuries & wounds

(We can be injured in an accident and wounded by somebody else. We can hurt ourselves too.)

Twisted ankle	Vymknutý kotník	Sunburn	Spálení
Dislocated shoulder	Vykloubené rameno	Blister	Puchýř
Broken arm	Zlomená ruka	Scar	Jizva
Lump	Boule	Graze	Oděrka

First aid

When we see an accident we have to find out how many injured people are there and analyzed their injuries. It is logical, that we start treating a guy with an arterial bleeding earlier than someone with a graze on his knee. Then we try to find more help. We call an emergency number and say to the operator what happened who and how is injured and of course where we are. The operator sends you an ambulance if it is necessary, but he always tells you what to do next. If there is someone in unconsciousness, you should try to resuscitate him by an artificial respiration or a heart massage. If somebody is seriously bleeding, you have to stop it by using whatever you find. It is recommended pushing pressure points, what stops bleeding. Fractures should be reinforced by splints.

Your duty is to try to save other lives, but don't risk your own!

Serious health problems

This caregory contains fatal (mortal) diseases like cancer, AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrom), bird flu. black death (not actual nowadays), SARS, ebola and so on. We should mention children's diseases too: measles (spalničky), mumps (příušnice), rubella (zarděnky), smallpox (neštovice), polio (dětská obrna), scarlet fever (spála).

People are in danger of life when they have stroke (mozková mrtvice), heart attack, nervous breakdown…

Medical care in our country

Everyone has to pay health insurance, he has insurance card and he has free medical care.

Health care is concentrared mainly to hospitals and health centres. In hospitals there are special hospital wards including intensive care unit.

Some doctors-specialists: surgeon, optician, orthopedician, pediatrist, psychiatrist, dentist…

In a dentist surgeon: We go there when we have toothache or tooth decay. Dentist can: pull out a rotten tooth, drill and fill it. We can have crooked teeth too. Dentist can help: braces (rovnátka).

(lower/upper jaw, gums (dásně), tooth root (kořen zubu), inflamination (zánět))

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