Organizacje Międzynarodowe IV
INGOs a ochrona praw kobiet:
Wybrana problematyka praw kobiet:
a) problematyka normatywna;
b) sytuacja kobiet w krajach 3. świata;
Przykłady organizacji działających na rzecz kobiet:
a) Women for Women International : http://www.womenforwomen.org/
Women for Women International is a humanitarian organization that provides financial and emotional support to women survivors of war. Their programs help women achieve self-sufficiency through direct aid, rights education, job skills training and small business development. In 2005, the organization distributed $9.3 million in aid to 30,000 women. The organization was co-founded by Zainab Salbi. Countries: Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Kosovo, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan.
n September 2006, Women for Women International was the first women's organization to receive the Conrad Hilton Humanitarian Award, the world's largest humanitarian prize of $1.5 million.
„Our Mission: Women for Women International provides women survivors of war, civil strife and other conflicts with the tools and resources to move from crisis and poverty to stability and self-sufficiency, thereby promoting viable civil societies. We're changing the world one woman at a time.
Women for Women International works with socially excluded women in eight countries where war and conflict have devastated lives and communities. Each woman we serve has her own story-some of loved ones murdered, and others of physical and emotional trauma. Most have endured a struggle for survival.
When we enroll women in our one-year program, they learn job skills and receive business training so they can earn a living. They come to understand their rights and how to fight for those rights in their homes, their communities and their nations and become leaders.”
b) RAINBO
(Research Action and Information Network for the Bodily Integrity of Women) - alternatively RAINB♀ - is an international non-governmental organisation working to eliminate female circumcision / female genital mutilation (FC/FGM) through women's self-empowerment and social change.
RAINBO was founded in 1994 by a group of African immigrants into the USA including Nahid Toubia, Sudan's first female surgeon. The organisation has offices in New York City and London and works in Uganda, South Africa, The Gambia, and Nigeria.
The RAINBO played a prominent role in changing the view of female circumcision/female genital mutilation from being a predominantly medical concern to a human rights issue. In 1995 RAINBO published Nahid Toubia's "Female Genital Mutilation: A Call for Global Action", discussing the cultural significance of FC/FGM in Africa and suggesting legal, religious, social and political measures to combat the practice and the report "Intersections Between Health and Human Rights: The Case of Female Genital Mutilation", based on the National Council on International Health (NCIH) international workshop attended by legal professionals, academics, social scientists, and activists.
RAINBO emphasises African leadership in its work and the use of culturally sensitive terminology. Nahid Toubia has criticised the West's "sensationalisation" of a practice she strongly opposes on the grounds that it reinforces a view of Arabs, Muslims and Africans as "primitive" and provokes a reaction of over-sensitivity in the communities concerned
AMANITARE (African Partnership for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women and Girls) is a ten-year initiative (1999-2009) coordinated by RAINBO. It is a pan-African partnership seeking "to institutionalise recognition of African women's and girls' sexual and reproductive health and rights as fundamental to their civil and human rights", and in particular to combat gender-based violence, launched in Kampala (Uganda) in 2000.The aim of the initiative is to put the principles enshrined in the final declarations of three world conferences, The World Conference on Human Rights (Vienna, 1993), the International Conference on Population and Development (Cairo, 1994), and the Fifth World Conference on Women (Beijing, 1995), highlighting the importance of women's sexual and reproductive health and rights, into practice in the daily lives of African women and girls by removing the fear of control or coercion based on their sexuality or reproductive potential.
AMANITARE established 4 February as the continent-wide African Women's Health and Rights Day, when NGOs, women's groups, youth organisations, activists, artists and government representatives join together to celebrate advances in African Women's sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR)
c) Zonta International : http://www.zonta.org/
„Founded in 1919, Zonta International is a global organization of executives and professionals working together to advance the status of women worldwide through service and advocacy. With more than 31,000 members belonging to more than 1,200 Zonta Clubs in 65 countries and geographic areas, Zontians all over the world volunteer their time, talents and support to local and international service projects, as well as scholarship programs aimed at fulfilling Zonta's mission and objectives.
OBJECTIVES
To improve the legal, political, economic, educational, health and professional status of women at the global and local level through service and advocacy.
To work for the advancement of understanding, goodwill and peace through a world fellowship of executives in business and the professions.
To promote justice and universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms.
To be united internationally to foster high ethical standards, to implement service programs, and to provide mutual support and fellowship for members who serve their communities, their nations, and the world.
Zonta International, its districts and its clubs are nonsectarian and nonpartisan.
Zonta International seeks to advance the status of women worldwide by improving the legal, political, economic, educational, health and professional status of women at the global and local levels through service and advocacy. With the generosity and collective action of Zontians and friends around the world, Zonta International has supported projects in 46 countries, provided scholarships and awards to women around the globe, and been a powerful advocate for change in our local and international communities, thereby transforming the world and women's place in it.
Worldwide, 70% of the 1.3 billion poor are women. Zonta International is committed to expanding women's access to skills training and income-generating activities that lead to sustainable livelihoods and economic independence. To this end, Zonta has supported programs that increase women's access to financial resources and generate higher wages through the establishment of all-female micro-credit programs, technical skills training and improved techniques in the production and marketing of goods.
Zonta International helps women overcome gender barriers to careers in traditionally male-dominated fields through the Amelia Earhart Fellowships and Jane M. Klausman Women in Business Scholarships. Gender inequality in education, however, begins much earlier in life. Of an estimated 93 million children not in school, 48.4 million are girls. Through Zonta's International Service Program, Zonta has increased access to educational opportunities and vocational skills training for girls and young women in Africa, Asia and South America.”
Polska / Ukraina: http://www.zonta-district27.org/
d) Soroptimist International : http://www.soroptimistinternational.org/ , http://www.soroptimist.pl/
„Vision : Soroptimist International is a vibrant, dynamic organisation for today's professional and business women. We are committed to a world where women and girls together achieve their individual and collective potential, realise aspirations and have an equal voice in creating strong, peaceful communities worldwide.
Mission : Soroptimists inspire action and create opportunities to transform the lives of women and girls through a global network of members and international partnerships.
Goal 1 : Soroptimists will ensure that women and girls enjoy equality, live in safe, healthy and equitable environments, have access to education and have leadership and practical skills.
Goal 2 : Soroptimist International will have a dynamic, flexible and responsive membership, with an international point of connection, committed to the delivery of its vision and mission.
Goal 3 : SI will be a strategic organisation with dynamic and proactive leadership at all levels, able to deliver results and ensure its vision is achieved.”
„Międzynarodowa Organizacja Soroptimistek liczy około 91 tys. członkiń w 125 krajach i jest światową organizacją skupiającą kobiety aktywne zawodowo, której cel stanowi popieranie praw człowieka i umacnianie praw kobiet.
Jako organizacja pozarządowa (NGO - Non - governmental) ma status konsultanta przy Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych i w związku z tym dostęp do ośrodków ONZ w Nowym Jorku, Genewie, Wiedniu, Rzymie, Nairobi i Paryżu oraz prawo do zabierania głosu. SI powstała w Kalifornii w 1921 roku i nazwę swoją wywodzi z łacińskich słów soror i optima, co znaczy "najlepsze dla kobiet" (dosłownie - "najlepsza siostra").
Pierwszy Klub europejski powstał w Paryżu w 1924 roku dzięki Dr Suzanne Noël , chirurgowi plastycznemu. Dr Noël była również założycielką Federacji Europejskiej (SI/E) w 1930 roku.”
Founded in 1921, Soroptimist International is a world-wide volunteer service organization for business and professional women who work to improve the lives of women and girls, in local communities and throughout the world. Through their General (Category One) Consultative Status as a non-governmental organization at the United Nations, the organization claims to seek equality, peace, and international goodwill. The Mission Statement of the organization is:
Through international partnerships and a global network of members, Soroptimists inspire action and create opportunities to transform the lives of women and girls by: Advocating for equity and equality; Creating safe and healthy environments; Increasing access to education; Developing leadership and practical skills for a sustainable future.
There are four Federations around the world; SI of the Americas, SI Great Britain and Ireland (SIGBI) Ltd, SI of Europe and SI of South West Pacific. The headquarters office for Soroptimist International is in Cambridge, UK.
The organization comprises approximately 95,000 members in more than 125 countries and territories worldwide who contribute time and financial support to community-based and international projects.
Soroptimist members belong to local clubs, which determine the focus of service to their communities.
The name "Soroptimist" was coined by combining the Latin words soror "sister" and optimus "best", and can be taken to mean "best for sisters" (referring to women in general).
e) International Council of Women : http://www.icw-cif.org/
The International Council of Women (ICW) was the first women's organization to work across national boundaries for the common cause of advocating human rights for women. In March and April of 1888, women leaders came together in Washington D.C. with 80 speakers and 49 delegates representing 53 women's organizations from 9 countries: Canada, the United States, Ireland, India, England, Finland, Denmark, France and Norway. Women from professional organizations, trade unions, arts groups and benevolent societies participate. National Councils are affiliated to the ICW and thus make themselves heard at international level. The ICW enjoys consultative status with the UN and its Permanent Representatives to: ECOSOC, ILO, FAO, WHO, UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNCTAD, UNIDO, etc.
The ICW worked with the League of Nations during the 1920s and the United Nations post-World War II. It now is composed of 70 countries and has a headquarters in Paris. International meetings are held every three years.