(a) Competition for binding between repressor and activator proteins
mmmmm:
Enhancer Gene Binding of repressor to enhancer
blocks binding of activator.
(b) Ouenching
Type I: Repressor binds to and blocks the DNA-binding region of an activator.
Repressor
Activator
DNA-binding domain
DNA-binding domain is blocked. Activator cannot bind to enhancer.
Type H: Repressor binds to and blocks the activation domain of an activator.
Activation domain
Activator can bind to enhancer, but cannot carry out activation.
Basal protein