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THE &ULENDRAS OF JAVA 95

Sri mahfiraja RaJkai Panartkaran is enumerated among eight deceased kings in the Copperplates of Maniyasih I (Kedu) of King BalituA, dated Saka 829 = A. D. 907. The inscription reads :

rahyańta rumuhun. ri mdań. ri poh pitu.

1.			rakai	mataram sart ratu Safljaya (732)
2.	w Sri maharaja		tt	Panartkaran	(ca. 750)
3.	• •	f 9	tt	Panuńgalan	(ca.770)
4.	f •	tt	tf	Varak	(ca.790)
5.	f t	tt	tt	Garuń	(829 or 839)
6.	t t	tt	11	Pikatan or Kumbhayoni	(842-856, Casparis 1956: 2.289 -90)
7.	• t	tt	tt	Kayuvańi or LokapSla	(856-882, Casparis 1956:2.288)
8.	t f	tt	11	Vatu -humalań	(886)
9.	tt	f t	tt	Vatu-kura dy5h Dhamiodaya Mahaśambhu	(907)

The first eight kings were dcificd and may have becn intended to act as the powerful Eight Dikpalas, who are gods like Indra, Iśana, Varuna, etc. They were rahyańta ‘deillcd anccstors’ (Zoetmuldcr) for prolection of the crucial places (OJO 48/943 vo. 25: mańraksa kadatvan rahyańta i Midań).

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Certain royal personages have tripartite names, eg. Sri Maharaja Rakai Watukura Dyah Balituń Sri Dharmodaya Mahfiśambhu. The Rakai part can refer to the assignmcnt of a territory to the child prince, as e.g. the Duke Battcnburg was assigned a regal title as Lord Mountbatten of Bunna. Dyah can be the name given to the Crown Prince or YuvarSja on his attaining eligibility. Yuva mcans ‘young’ and dyah also mcans ‘young man or woman of gcntlc birth’ (Zoctmulder). On coronalion he became Sri Dharmodaya Mahaiainbhu. Comparc the Cambodian ceremonies of coronation and rites preliminary therelo.

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Naerssen (1947: 251) in his paper ‘The Sailendra Interregnum’ says that ‘the princes of Safijaya’s dynasty had litlle aulhority at the 10X10’. He goes on : “There was no ąuestion of one mighty central Javanese kingdom, unlcss it were under the hegemony of the Sailendras. As appears from ihe charters several autonomous heads of the district must have ruled then by the side of “princes” of Sartjaya*s dynasty, whosc aulhority was complctely thrown into the shadc by the Sailendra princes. The waning of the Sailendra aulhority in Central Java was attended wilh a greater activity of the Sańjaya dynasty” (p.252).

Naerssen has established that with Sańjaya a dynasty had emerged, and hc himself foundcd a Śiva-lińga in Saka 654^A.D. 732 (Cahgal Stone