COMPLEX SENTENCES with SENTENCE ADVERBS

1. CONTRASTING

1.1

By contrast,

Our company offers reliability and experience, theirs, by contrast, has much lower
prices.

1.2

Which contrasts… Asus provides you an LED screen which contrasts sharply with Apple’s IPS panels.

1.3

On the contrary,

It wasn’t bad at all - on the contrary, I was quite impressed.

1.4

In spite of
appearances,

In spite of appearances, not having a job is not such a bad thing.

1.5

In fact / as a
matter of fact /
actually

We all expected her to be fairly old, but, as a matter of fact, she proved to be no more
than 40 years old. While he seems to be nice, he is actually a very mean person.

1.6

Unlike

Unlike jogging shoes, the shoes for sprinters have track spikes on the soles.

1.7

As opposed to

The result was an alarming drop in resources — 3,684 public libraries in 1922 as
opposed to 14,800 in 1920.

He was given a ten-year sentence for theft as opposed to 2

years for the rapes.

1.8

Differentiating

The key feature differentiating these two areas is access to public schooling.

1.9

Difference

The key difference between these two areas is access to public schooling.

1.10 Compared to

Our products boast far greater reliability compared to other leading brands.

1.11 Superior to /

inferior to

The act of judging tends to make humans feel superior to whatever is being judged.
Android tablets were often criticized for being inferior to the iPad.

1.12 Even so

Android tablets were criticized for being inferior to the iPad, but even so, they sold just
as well.

1.13 Set apart

The aspect that sets these two companies apart is their treatment of the employees.

1.14 Gulf

There is a huge gulf between the poor and the rich when it comes to access to healthy
food.

1.15 Discrepancy

The discrepancy between the poor and the rich when it comes to access to healthy food
is huge.

1.16 Stand out

She stands out from the rest of the candidates on count of herspectacular style and
supple body.

1.17 While… only…

While both Facebook and MySpace allow you to meet other users who have similar
interests, only MySpace allows you to demonstrate your personal style.

Distinct from

What makes Apples products distinct from Asus’s are their high-quality IPS panels.

1.18 COMPARATIVES much more (adj.) than…, fewer (noun) than…, less (noun) than, the least …, the

most…, one of the…, many more(noun) than…., etc.

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2. COMPARING

2.1

As with… ,

As with many boys from his school, he too started smoking at a very young age.

2.2

Likewise

I slowed down hoping she would do likewise.
Some have little power to do good, and have likewise little strength to resist evil.

2.3

Similarly, / by the
same token,

Alcohol addiction can be replaced with sugar; similarly, / by the same token, while
away from drugs addicts often start smoking.

2.4

Of similar… ,

Laptops are very mobile and of similar nature are tablets.

2.5

So + (inversion)

Their players are exhausted and so are ours. It’s slower, but so was the previous one.

2.6

Alike in that…

The two monitors are alike in that they both offer wide-angle viewing.

2.7

In the same…

Cars pollute the air and factories harm the environment in the same way.

2.8

In the same vein /
In the same
fashion

Soccer, in the same vein as basketball, may be defined as a contact sport. Some
enthusiasts keep life lists of countries visited, much in the same vein as birders
checking off new species.

2.9

Slightly /
somewhat

The US Hispanic ethnicity has a slightly / somewhat higher mortality risk relative to
the non-Hispanic White ethnicity.

2.10 Hardly / barely /

scarcely

There is hardly / barely / scarcely any difference between them when it comes to their
educational achievements.

2.11 Identical to

The prices offered at their website are identical to ours.

2.12 Resemble +

respects

Their policy resembles ours in certain important respects. First of all,…

2.13 Approximately

Their policy is approximately the same as ours.

3. ADDITION

3.1

Furthermore,

Having family offers you a sense of security and stability, furthermore, it surrounds you with

people always willing to listen to you.

What is more,

3.2

On top of that,

It was boring, predictable and unimaginative, and on top of all that poorly made.

3.3

As well as

The car was dirty as well as barely functional.

3.4

In which case,

You may apply for a managerial job, in which case you’d have to move to London.

3.5

Additionally,
In addition to that,

Your duties include cleaning, dusting and vacuuming. In addition to that, you will sometimes
be asked mind the kids while I’m out.

3.6

Not to mention

Fast food has a dramatic impact on your heart health, not to mention body weight.

3.7

Another

Another critical issue discussed during the conference was the spread of cancer.

3.8

Also worth
mentioning

It is also worth mentioning that the one foreign language taught in a majority of European
schools is English.

3.9

Point often
overlooked

The point often overlooked while discussing obesity is its psychological impact on the child’s
emotional development.

3.10

Take into account /
consideration

While discussing obesity, we should also take into account its psychological impact on the
child’s emotional development.

3.11

be remembered

It must / should also be remembered how difficult it is to satisfy these requirements.

3.12. In terms of

In terms of character, Peter is a much more likeable person than Josh is.

4. CONCESSION

4.1.

Nonetheless

There’s not that much difference between them, nonetheless, I’d go for the 1st one.

4.2.

Nevertheless

4.3.

However,

The company does make profit right now, however, it’s future is still in doubt.

4.4.

While / whereas

While the proposal has some strong points, it would be too costly.
Josh can play 10 instruments like a pro, whereas his brother can even hold a guitar properly.

4.5.

That being said,

She is quite talented; that being said, there are better candidates.

4.6.

Having said that,

4.7.

Although,

Although the movie was quite lengthy, I’d like to watch it again.

4.8.

Despite,

Despite being quite lengthy, the movie was quite enjoyable.

5. LOGICAL CONNECTION

As a result,

He refused to pay for the damage and, as a result, was immediately arrested.

Thus / therefore

Many villagers are moving into the cities; thus, there’s overcrowding.

Hence,

There’s been a decrease in sales, hence our financial crisis.

As a consequence,

There’s been a decrease in sales, as a consequence, we’re facing a crisis.

Since / As

Since she is only 15, she cannot legally buy alcohol yet.
She cannot legally buy alcohol yet as she is only 15.

Accordingly

A two-year old swallows everything it can grab so his or her toys must be chosen accordingly.

In the light

In the light of recent events, further refugee inflow ought to be restricted.

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6. CONCLUSION

To sum up,

In summary, the advantages of having a car over using public transport far outweigh any benefits of the
latter.

To conclude,

All in all, in conclusion, summing up, All things considered, It all boils down to… ,

7. EMPHASIS and HIGHLIGHTING

Hardly / Scarcely

Hardly is there a better choice than to act immediately.
There is scarcely a better bran on the market than theirs.

What / Where…

Where the research should begin is here. What we ought to do is employ new people.
What is now needed is a drastic reform. Who ought to have been chose was Helen.

It is..

It is you who is responsible for the accident. It is in Asia where the real opportunities lie.

By no means,

It is by no means certain who will replace her, nothing has been decided on yet.

By far / without a doubt

This is by far / without a doubt / unquestionably her best album to date.

Especially / Particularly

Many of the homeless are in need of shelter, especially / particularly during winter.

Above all

Our most pressing task is, above all, to get the necessary funds.

Of utmost importance

While nature was of utmost importance to him, he did not neglect the industrial world

Most crucial

This is the most crucial discovery of the 21th century.

Indeed / Certainly

This is indeed one of the fastest printers on the market.

Cannot be overstated /
overestimated

The importance of their discovery cannot be overestimated – it will shape the generations to come.

Little doubt

There is little doubt that it is the most important discovery of the 21 century.

8. RESTRICTION

To a certain extent,

Their arguments are correct, but only to some degree / to some extent / up to a point.

Forestry is to a certain extent in conflict with agriculture not only because it removes large areas of
land from farming for 50 or more years.

To some degree
Up to a point
Partly

She only partly supported my business plans.

As far as…
are/is concerned…

My agreement goes only as far as his foreign policy is concerned.

9. CONDITION

If / As long as

Another loan can only be granted if / as long as you pay off the previous one.

Unless

Another loan won’t be granted unless you pay off the previous one.

Providing that

Another loan can only be granted providing that you pay off the previous one.

In case

We took some spare parts in case any of our bikes broke down.

Should

We took some spare parts should any of our bikes brake down.

10. PURPOSE

In order to

We are helping these kids in order to keep the off the streets.

In order not to

I only gave him money in order not to see his face again.

So as not to

I only gave him money so as not to see his face again.

As as to

These measures are introduced so as to avert any such accidents in the future.

With the aim of

Putin created the People's Front institution with the aim of strengthening the country.

So that

The boss raised her salary so that she wouldn’t spread rumours about their affair.

With the intention of

He decided to put on his best suit with the intention of impressing her.

11. ATTITUDE

Clearly,

Clearly, such behaviour cannot be accepted in this institution!

Surprisingly,

Surprisingly, he didn’t come late this time.

Frankly speaking,

Frankly speaking, I didn’t enjoy it as much as you did.

In all honesty, etc.
Sadly,

Sadly, there’s not a shred of evidence that he is the one who did it.

12. CHOICE

Otherwise,

It has to be delivered before Saturday; otherwise, we will lose our jobs.

Either ... or…

We have to either choose a cheaper hotel or go by bus instead of the plane.

Neither … nor…

They can neither help us nor offer any advice.

13. EXAMPLES

For example / instance

The popularity of sport lies in, for instance, its grand, appealing scale.

Including / such as

There are numerous forms of abuse, including / such as beating, insulting and humiliating.

As follows

The points to be discussed are as follows: hiring, production, upkeep and PR.

The following

The following aspects of marriage are viewed as most crucial: security, shared budget and love.

Place for more examples of your own:

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ADVICE AND GUIDELINESS:

I.

Develop your thesis.

There are many directions a compare-and-contrast thesis can take, but it should

always make an argument that explains why it’s useful to put these two subjects together in the first place.
For example: "Cats are better pets than dogs because they require less maintenance, are more
independent, and are more adaptable."

II.

Help readers make

a meaningful comparison

between two subjects. Example: "New York City and

San Francisco are both great cities for young professionals, but they differ in terms of their job

opportunities, social environment, and living conditions."

III

.

Show readers how two subjects are 1)

similar and different

OR show how they are either 2)

only

similar

or 3)

only different

. Example: "While both

The Catcher in the Rye

and

To Kill a

Mockingbird

explore the themes of loss of innocence and the deep bond between siblings,

To Kill a

Mockingbird

is more concerned with racism while

The Catcher in the Rye

focuses on the prejudices of

class." (this one is about similarities AND differences)

IV

.

Remember to put in a conclusion that states which of the subjects of comparison is better / more

useful / beautiful, etc. than the other.

The conclusion should not include much more than a re-stated thesis

statement and the author's short opinion. It should never be a place in which new information or information

unrelated to the topic is introduced.

.

V.

Even more important is your topic sentence: to introduce your main topic, you ideally want to start with

a hook sentence which:

1) introduces the general category,
2) presents the subjects of comparison / contrast
3) states your thesis which you will try to prove

EXAMPLE:

At first glance, [SUBJECT 1] online education might seem like an easy and undervalued way of obtaining

your education, however, after years of testing and constant studies, online learning is gaining acceptance by the
education industry as an [THESIS] acceptable and productive alternative to [SUBJECT 2] the traditional way of
obtaining your education.

[the THESIS tells us the author supports online education and will try to argue in its favour]

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Compare and contrast ideas:

1. ART: movies, books, poems, songs, singers, video clips, etc.
2. PEOPLE: friends, any public figures, teachers, family members, etc.
3. OBJECTS: laptops, iphones, clothes brands, musical instruments, houses, pieces of furniture, etc.
4. EDUCATION: online studying vs traditional education, traditional books vs google and Wikipedia, going to university

vs going straight to work, working during studies vs not working, studying for pleasure vs studying for money, etc.

5. RELATIONSHIPS: being single vs in a relationship, being childless vs having children, living together vs living

separately, long-distance relationship vs close-distance relationship, etc.

6. EXPERIENCES: childhood vs adulthood, going abroad for holiday vs staying in your country, online dating vs real-life

dating, summer time vs winter time, living with your parents vs living alone, being religious vs being an atheist, etc.

1. CATEGORY

2. SUBJECTS OF COMPARISON:

3. COMPARE OR CONTRAST:

4. RELEVANT FEATURES:

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