Health, human body

The human body

Unusual outer parts

wrinkle	vráska	armpit	podpaží
eyelashes	řasy	groin	tříslo
eyelid	víčko	shin	holeň
nostril	nosní dírka	calf	lýtko
jaw	čelist	sole	chodidlo

Inner parts

skeleton	kostra	intestine	střevo
skull	lebka	liver	játra
joint	kloub	gall bladder	žlučník
spine, backbone	páteř	spleen	slezina
ribs	žebra	pancreas	slinivka bř.
collar bone	klíční kost	appendix	červ. výběžek
shoulder blade	lopatka	kidney	ledviny
pelvis	pánev	bladder	močový měchýř
tail bone	kostrč	tonsils	mandle

Senses

vision	zrak	touch, feel	hmat
smell	čich	taste	chuť
hearing	sluch

Childhood diseases

Measles - spalničky

First children have a runny nose, conjunctivitis and a very high fever. Then a fever subsides and small red flakes are arising.

Mumps - příušnice

Children have a headache and fever. Then swellings under ears arise, after two days half a face is swelled and sensitive. In fourteen days should be a child healthy.

Chickenpox - neštovice

There are small red pimples all around a child's body. A child should stay at home and not to come into contact with other children.

German measles - zarděnky

A patient has a little increased temperature, problems with airways and a rash in a face and chest. It's a very quick disease, but it's dangerous for pregnant women.

Scarlet fever - spála

A fever, a headache and a rush like gooseflesh are the typical symptoms of this disease. It is similar to an angina.

Fatal diseases

Cancer

If this disease is discovered in a very early phase it could be treated. Later it is often a mortal disease. Cells are uncontrollably and rapidly growing and then arises a tumour.

AIDS

It is a typical disease for developing countries (mainly in Africa). It is mainly transmitted by an intercourse without using a protection and caused by a virus HIV. Your immune system is weakened and an ordinary flu can kill you.

Stroke

Stroke can come immediately an unexpectedly. If you have a “luck” stroke leaves you “just” paralysed, in the worse case you immediately die.

Heart attack

Your artery is stuck by cholesterol and blood can't circulate. You feel pain moving through your body and then you faint. You can just hope that you will wake up from a coma.

Common infections

Flu

Everyone had it. It comes very quickly, but it is easy to defeat it. You have a runny nose, a fever, a head-ache or a sore throat. You have to take some pills and sweat it out.

Cough

It is a very unpleasant disease. You have a sore throat and sometimes cannot speak. If you have a dry cough it hurts much more than a moist cough. You just take some cough-lozenge and it will go better.

Other illnesses are angina (tonsillitis) or pneumonia. These are treated by antibiotics.

Seeing a doctor

There are two reasons why do we see a doctor. We can go to a regular check-up or we can be ill. In the first case we have received an invitation card. In the second case we should make an appointment. We have to wait in a waiting room than we can go to the surgery. If we came to a regular check-up, we strip to the waist and the doctor listens to our lungs and heart (while we are taking a deep breath). He checks the blood pressure and our pulse. He can check our eyes, too.

When we are ill, we must describe our symptoms. Then he gives us a prescription for medicaments and recommends us to stay in bed and sweat.

Kinds of medicaments

antibiotics	antibiotika
pills/tablets	prášky
drops	kapky
(coughing) mixture	sirup (proti kašli)
gargle	kloktadlo
ointment (against rash)	mastička (proti vyrážce)
Painkillers/pain relievers	léky proti bolesti

Injuries

Twisted ankle	Vymknutý kotník	Sunburn	Spálení
Dislocated shoulder	Vykloubené rameno	Blister	Puchýř
Broken arm	Zlomená ruka	Scar	Jizva
Lump	Boule	Graze	Oděrka

First aid

When we see an accident we have to find out how many injured people are there and analyzed their injuries. It is logical, that we start treating a guy with an arterial bleeding earlier than someone with a graze on his knee. Then we try to find more help. We call an emergency number and say to the operator what happened who and how is injured and of course where we are. The operator sends you an ambulance if it is necessary, but he always tells you what to do next. If there is someone in unconsciousness, you should try to resuscitate him by an artificial respiration or a heart massage. If somebody is seriously bleeding, you have to stop it by using whatever you find. It is recommended pushing pressure points, what stops bleeding. Fractures should be reinforced by splints.

Your duty is to try to save other lives, but don't risk your own!

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