6355787793

Inżynieria makromolekularna poprzez poskromienie wolnych

RODNIKÓW

Krzysztof Matyjaszewski

Carnegie Mellon University, Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

Macromolecular engineering is based on precise design, synthesis, processing and characterization of targeted materials for specific applications. Many advanced nanostructured functional materials were recently designed and prepared by controlled/ living radical polymerization (CRP). Morę than 100 million tons of polymers are produced annually world-wide by conventional radical polymerization (i.e., ~ 20 kg per capita!). However, macromolecular engineering is impossible in this process, because radicals are very reactive intermediates and their lifetime is less than a second. In order to temper this uncontrolled radical behavior, we introduced a new concept of extending life of propagating chains from ca. 1 second to morę than 1 day, by inserting a dormant period of ~ 1 minutę after each ~ 1 ms activity. Thus, the 1 second of radical activity is expanded, as in an accordion, to several hours with thousands intermediate dormancy periods. This would be like extending human life from 70 years to 2000 years, if after each 1 day of activity we could be dormant for 1 month.

CRP of acrylates, methacrylates, styrenes, acrylamides, acrylonitrile and other vinyl monomers was employed for macromolecular engineering of polymers with precisely controlled molecular weights, Iow dispersities, designed shape, composition and functionality. Examples of błock, graft, star, hyperbranched, gradient and periodic copolymers, molecular brushes and various hybrid materials and bioconjugates prepared with high precision will be presented. These polymers can be used as components of various advanced materials such as health and beauty products, biomedical and electronic materials, coatings, elastomers, adhesives, surfactants, dispersants, lubricants, additives, or sealants.

[1]    K. Matyjaszewski, Y. Gnanou, L. Leiber, Macromolecular Engineering, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2007;

[2]    K. Matyjaszewski, N. V. Tsarevsky, Naturę Chemistry 2009. 1,276-288;

[3]    K. Matyjaszewski, Science 2011, 45, 1104;

[4]    K. Matyjaszewski, Macromolecules 2012,45,4015-4039;

[5]    K. Matyjaszewski, M. Molier (Eds.), Polymer Science; A Comprehensive Reference, Amsterdam: Elsevier BV, 2012.

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