-1 A Ä…" N ({A}) F k " N - {0} rk, r Ä…" Z × Z x, y " rk x y x - y k x, y " r x y x · y > 0 Ák = rk *" r x " Z [x]Á k k Z/Á k k = 4 k = 3 T Ä…" P(N)× N a, x " a, x " T b, x " T a Ä…" b a = b Åš : {T Ä…" P(N) × N | T } P(N)P(N) Åš(T )(a) = {x " N | "b (b Ä…" a '" b, x " T )} Åš P(N)P(N) T Åš(T ) = idP(N) Åš(T ) Åš