y* = a1Å" xi + a0 x* = b1Å" yi + b0
1
1
(xi - x)(yi - y)
"
(xi - x)(yi - y)
" cov(x; y)
cov( x; y) N
N = =
= = b 2
1
a 1 2
1 S ( y)
1 2
S2( x)
(yi - y)
(xi - x) "
"
N
N
= x - b1 Å" y
= y - a1Å" x a
0
a
0
s( y) s( x)
= rxy Å" = rxy Å"
a b
1 1
s( x) s( y)
2
ëÅ‚ öÅ‚
yi
ìÅ‚ - y* ÷Å‚
" Su
2 íÅ‚ Å‚Å‚
= Å" 100%
= su = ;k = 2 V Z
S
u
y
N - k
2
ëÅ‚ öÅ‚
yi ÷Å‚ 2
ìÅ‚ - y* 2 N - k) Å" Su
"
2
(
íÅ‚ Å‚Å‚ 2
= = = 1- Å‚
Å‚ Å‚ d
2
N Å" s2( y)
(yi - y)
"
2
ad - bc
= a1Å" b1
rxy =
Õ
(a + d)(c + d)(a + c)(b + d)
ad - bc
Q =
ad + bc
1
cov(x; y) = (xi - x)(yi - y)Å" nij
" "
N
i j
xi Å" nij yj Å" nij
" "
i j 2
= = = rxy Å" 100%
x / y y / x d
j i
n " j ni "
1
rxy = ryx
(xi - x)(yj - y)
"
cov(x; y) N rxy " < - 1;0)
i = 1
= =
rxy
2
S(x) Å" S(y) 1 1
rxy " (0;1 >
(xi - x) (yi - y)
" "
N N
1
(xi - x)(yj - y)Å" nij
"
cov(x; y) N
i = 1
= =
rxy
S(x) Å" S(y) 1 2 1 2
(xi - x) Å" ni " (yi - y) Å" n " j
" "
N N
2
N (N + 1)
6 Å" (txi - tyi) = a1Å" b1
" = rxy
" "
tx = t
= 1- y
i
rs i 2
N3 - N
1 2
ex / y ‚" 0;1
(y / xi - y) Å" ni "
"
ex / y `" ey / x
S2(y / xi)
N
i
= =
e
y / x
1 2
S2(y)
(yj - y) Å" n " j
"
N
1 2
(x / yj - x) Å" n " j
"
S2(x / yj) N
j
= =
e 2
x / y
1 2
S (x)
(xi - x) Å" ni "
"
N
2
2 2
= ex / y Å" 100%
= ex / y - rxy
d
m
x / y
0,2 e" m > 0,2