* 1. Parkinson disease is generally lesion of:

1. corona radiata

2. internal capsule

3. cerebellum

4. medulla

5. basal ganglia

* 2. The cavity of the medulla oblongata forms:

1. the inferior part of the third ventricle

2. the superior part of the third ventricle

3. the inferior part of the fourth ventricle

4. the superior part of the fourth ventricle

5. the walls of the aqueduct

* 3. Cerebrospinal fluid from the fourth ventricle flows:

1. through the interventricular foramen to the lateral ventricle

2. through the interventricular foramen to the cerebral aqueduct

3. through the cerebral aqueduct to the subarachnoid space

4. through the median and lateral apertures to the third ventricle

5. through the median and lateral apertures to the subarachnoid space

* 4. Choose the correct statement:

1. sympathetic fibers synapse in the ciliary ganglion (parasympathetic)

2. parasympathetic fibers in the ciliary ganglion are derived from facial nerve (olulomotor nerve )

3. parasympathetic fibers synapse in the ciliary ganglion

4. the ciliary ganglion supplies the lacrimal gland parasympathetically (sympathetic fibers)

5. the ciliary ganglion is located between CN II and medial rectus (CN III)

* 5. Hoarseness and deviation of the uvula to the normal side might be the effect of the lesion of:

1. CN III

2. CN V

3. CN VII

4. CN X

5. CN XI

* 6. The superior olivary nucleus is loceted in:

1. spinal cord

2. open medulla

3. caudal pons

4. cerebellum

5. thalamus

* 7. The single process of a unipolar neuron is called:

1. dendrite

2. axon

3. nucleus

4. nucleolar satellite

5. ganglion

* 8. Which of the following is not the cell of the macroglia:

1. oligodendrocyte

2. capsular cell

3. Schwann cell

4. astrocyte

5. hair cell

* 9. Subdural hematoma is located between:

1. dura mater and the skull

2. dura mater and the brain

3. dura mater and the arachnoid membrane

4. pia mater and the brain

5. arachnoid membrane and the pia mater

* 10. Cuneate tract is localized between:

1. lateral and posterior horn

2. posterior median sulcus and posterior intermediate sulcus

3. posterolateral sulcus and posterior intermediate sulcus

4. anterior funiculus and posterior funiculus

5. anterior root and posterior root of the spinal nerve

* 11. The nerve of pterygoid canal is composed of:

1. sympathetic fibers only

2. parasympathetic fibers only

3. sensory fibers only

4. sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers

5. sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers

* 12. Thoracic part of the spinal cord:

1. includes parasympathethic centers

2. does not includes the gracile tract

3. includes motor centers for sacral plexus

4. includes sensory centers for intercostal nerves

5. ends on the level of 12^th vertebra

* 13. Which statement is incorrect:

1. the midbrain is the shortest part of the brainstem

2. blinking and salivation brainstem centers are situated in the pons

3. the midbrain tectum lies posterior to the cerebral aqueduct

4. the oculomotor nerve emerges from the midbrain

5. the abducent nerve nucleus is located in the medulla (pons)

* 14. Ptosis results from a lesion of:

1. CN II

2. CN III

3. CN IV

4. CN V

5. CN VI

* 15. Superior colliculus is situated in:

1. frontal lobe of the forebrain

2. midbrain

3. caudal pons

4. closed medulla

5. sympathetic trunk

* 16. Pyramids of medulla are separeted by:

1. anterior median fissure

2. posterior median sulcus

3. third ventricle

4. fourth ventricle

5. fornix

* 17. The tympanic membrane is innervated by:

A. externally mainly by CN V, internally mainly by CN VII

B. externally mainly by CN V, internally mainly by CN IX

C. externally mainly by CN V, internally mainly by CN X

D. externally mainly by CN VII, internally mainly by CN IX

C. externally mainly by CN VII, internally mainly by CN X

* 18. Which of the following IS NOT the afferent component of the light reflex:

A. cones

B. rods

C. optic ganglion cells

D. optic nerve

E. oculomotor nerve

* 19. Which of the following is not the part of the diencephalon:

1. thalamus

2. hypothalamus

3. subthalamus

4. perithalamus

5. epithalamus

• (*diencephalon

• mid-diencephalic territory

• prethalamus

• zona limitans intrathalamica

• thalamus

• hypothalamus

• epithalamus

• pretectum)

* 20. Mamillary bodies belong to:

1. thalamus

2. hypothalamus

3. forebrain

4. pons

5. cerebellum

* 21. The most anterior part of corpus callosum is:

1. the head

2. the rostrum

3. the genu

4. the body

5. the splenium

* 22. Choose the correct statement:

1. the posterior limitation of the precentral gyrus is the precentral sulcus (central sulcus)

2. precuneus is a part of the parietal lobe, posterior to cuneus (above the cuneus)

3. cingulate gyrus is the gyrus of the lateral surface of the hemisphere (is a gyrus in the medial part of the brain. It partially wraps around the corpus callosum and is limited above by the cingulate sulcus.)

4. central sulcus separates frontal and occipital lobe(frontal + parietal)

5. gyrus rectus belongs to the frontal lobe

* 23. Lesion of the lower motor neurons does not result in

1. flaccid paralysis

2. hypotonia

3. weak or absent reflexes

4. absence of Babiński response

5. flexor plantar response

* 24. Pyramidal pathway fibers do not run in:

1. corona radiata

2. internal capsule

3. cerebral crus

4. pyramidal decussation

5. corpus callosum

* 25. The foramen magnum transmits all of the following except: (*the foramen magnum transmits the Spinal Accessory nerve, vertebral arteries, the anterior and posterior spinal arteries, the membrana tectoria and alar ligaments)

1. medulla

2. meninges

3. spinal roots of CN XI

4. vertebral arteries

5. internal carotid artery

* 26. The facial nerve innervates muscles developed from which pharyngeal arch?

1. first arch

2. second arch

3. third arch

4. fifth arch

5. seventh arch

* 27. Which of the sequences of cranial nerve branches is not correct?

1. ophthalmic nerve - frontal nerve - supraorbital nerve

2. ophthalmic nerve - frontal nerve - infratrochlear nerve

3. trigeminal nerve - maxillary nerve - infraorbital nerve

4. trigeminal nerve - mandibular nerve - auriculotemporal nerve

5. mandibular nerve - inferior alveolar nerve - mental nerve

* 28. The main clinical difference between decorticate and decerebrate posturing is:

1. the activity of upper limbs flexors

2. the activity of oculomotor muscles

3. the presence of the light reflex

4. the presence of Babiński response

5. the absence of the `patellar reflex

* 29. Horner Syndrome includes which of the following:

1. ptosis

2. constricted pupil

3. dryness of the eye

4. warmer skin of the affected side of the face

A. only 1

B. only 2.

C. only 3. and 4.

D. only 1., 2. and 3.

E. 1., 2. 3. and 4.

* 30. Which of the following cutaneus nerves is derived from the ophthalmic nerve?

1. external nasal nerve

2. infraorbital nerve

3. zygomaticotemporal nerve

4. zygomaticofacial nerve

5. mental nerve

* 31. A lesion of the hypoglossal nerve would result in:

A. loss of taste on the posterior one-third of the tongue

B. deviation of the protruded tongue toward unaffected side

C. deviation of the protruded tongue toward affected side

D. loss of hearing

E. loss of salivation

* 32. Which of the following does not supply the dura mater?

1. ophthalmic division of CN V

2. maxillary division of CN V

3. mandibular division of CNV

4. CN VII

5. cranial nerves (C1-C3)

* 33. Which of the symptoms is not the manifestation of the lesion of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum:

1. dysmetria

2. intention tremor

3. explosive speech

4. chorea

5. dysdiadochokinesia

* 34. Which of the following includes ONLY cerebellar nuclei

1. red nucleus, lentiform nucleus, facial nucleus

2. caudate nucleus, amygdaloid nucleus, dentate nucleus

3. fastigal nucleus, interposed nucleus, dentate nucleus

4. fastigal nucleus, red nucleus, gracile nucleus

5. caudate nucleus, cuneate nucleus, dentate nucleus

* 35. The third order neurons of the spinal pain pathway are located in:

1. spinal ganglia

2. marginal nucleus of the posterior spinal horn

3. proper sensory nucleus of the posterior spinal horn

4. ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus

5. ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus

* 36. Edinger-Westphal nucleus:

1. is not involved in the pupillary light reflex (it is)

2. consists of sympathetic neurons (parasympathetic)

3. is the primary nucleus of the optic nerve (oculomotor nerve CNIII)

4. is located in the medulla oblongata (rostal midbrain)

5. is the origin for the fibers to the ciliary ganglion

* 37. The eyeball is turned down and out. What type and site of lesion do you expect:

1. fracture of the cribriform plate

2. stretchig of a nerve as it courses around the brainstem

3. laceration or contusion in the parotid region

4. acoustic neuroma

5. fracture in the cavernous sinus

* 38. In patient with homonymous hemianopsia shining light into the blind half of the retina elicit the light reflex if:

1. the lesion is situated in the optic chiasm

2. the lesion is situated in the optic tract

3. the lesion is the result of the pituitary gland tumour

4. the test is made some weeks after the beginning of the symptoms

5. the hemianopsia is the result of the destruction of the optic radiation

* 39. Right homonymous hemianopsia could be the result of:

1. destruction of the left nerve

2. destruction of the right eyeball

3. destruction of the optic nerve

4. destruction of the left optic tract

A. only 1.

B. only 2.

C. only 3.

D. only 4

E. only 1. and/or 4.

* 40. CN III palsy:

1. produces drooping of the upper eyelid

2. triggers pupillary light reflex

3. reduces accomodation of the lens

4. results in abduction and inferior rotation of the eyeball

A. only 1.

B. only 2.

C. only 3. and 4.

D. only 1., 2. and 3.

E. 1., 3. and 4.

* 41. Lesion of the lower motor neurons does not result in

1. flaccid paralysis

2. hypotonia

3. weak or absent reflexes

4. absence of Babiński response

5. ageusia

* 42. Pyramidal pathway fibers do not run in:

1. corona radiata

2. internal capsule

3. cerebral crus

4. pyramidal decussation

5. optic tract

* 43. The third order neurons of the spinal pain pathway are located in:

1. red nucleus or reticular formation

2. marginal nucleus of the posterior spinal horn

3. proper sensory nucleus of the posterior spinal horn

4. ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus

5. ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus

* 44. Parkinson disease is generally result of the destruction of:

1. corona radiata

2. internal capsule

3. secondary motor cortex

4. primary motor cortex

5. basal ganglia

* 45. Which of the sequences of cranial nerve branches is not correct?

1. ophthalmic nerve - frontal nerve - supraorbital nerve

2. ophthalmic nerve - frontal nerve - infratrochlear nerve

3. trigeminal nerve - maxillary nerve - infraorbital nerve

4. trigeminal nerve - mandibular nerve - auriculotemporal nerve

5. mandibular nerve - inferior alveolar nerve - mental nerve

* 46. Chorea is generally result of the lesion of:

1. pyramidal pathway

2. spine pain pathway

3. anterior spinal horn

4. limbic system

5. extrapyramidal system

* 47. Cerebral falx is made of:

1. dura mater

2. superior saggital sinus

3. cerebral cortex

4. sensory fibres

5. osseus tissue

* 48. Which of the following does not form the cerebral arterial circle?

1. anterior communicating

2. posterior communicating

3. anterior cerebral

4. posterior cerebral

5. ophthalmic

*The circle of Willis comprises the following arteries

• Anterior cerebral artery (left and right)

• Anterior communicating artery

• Internal carotid artery (left and right)

• Posterior cerebral artery (left and right)

• Posterior communicating artery (left and right)

* 49. A 40-year-old man suffers bilateral temporal hemianopsia. CT imaging revealed the aneurysm of cerebral arterial circle (Willis'). Where is the aneurysm located?

1. basilar artery division into posterior cerebral arteries

2. the place of origin posterior communicating artery of internal carotid

3. the anterior communicating artery

4. the precommunicating segment of the anterior cerebral artery

5. the carotid siphon

* 50. The intracranial bleeding affecting right paracentral lobule is connected with:

1. fluent aphasia

2. ageusia

3. spastic paralysis of right lower limb

4. flaccid paralysis of both lower limbs

5. sensory deficit of left foot

* 51. Which of the statements on artery of Heubner is not correct:

1. it is a branch of anterior cerebral artery

2. it belongs to the anterior (carotid) cerebral arterial system

3. it supplies some basal ganglia of telencephalon

4. it supplies posterior limb of the internal capsule

5. it is the largest of the medialstriate arteries

* 52. Choose the correct answer:

1. mamillary bodies form the most anterior region of hypothalamus

2. fornix connects amygdala to mamillary bodies

3. the supraoptic hypothalamic region lies posteriorly to subthalamus

4. the mamillar region of hypothalamus is a part of limbic system

5. the tuberal hypothalamic region lies inferiorly to pituitary gland

* 53. Choose the correct answer

1. oxytocin is produced in the thalamus and released by pituitary gland

2. vasopressin is produced in thalamus and released by hypothalamus

3. growth hormone is produced in hypothalamus and released by pituitary gland

4. antidiuretic hormone is produced in hypothalamus and released by pituitary gland

5. insulin is produced in pancreas and released to the vena cava inferior

* 54. The 'limbic lobe' term was first used by

1. Babinski

2. Broca

3. Papez

4. Galen

5. Harvey

* 55. Elevated intracranial could be the reason for:

1. nausea and vomiting

2. papilledema

3. headache

4. all above

5. none of above

* 56. Choose the correct answer:

1. paracentral lobule is anterior to precuneus

2. precuneus is posterior to cuneus (above)

3. cuneus is anterior to paracentral lobule (paraecuneus)

4. precentral gyrus is anterior to paracentral lobule (central sulcus)

5. postcentral gyrus is anterior to paracentral lobule (central sulcus)

* 57. Choose the false statement:

1. Brodmann's areas 1, 2, 3 are connected with somatosensory system

2. Lesion of Brodmann's area No 44 leads to motor aphasia

3. Brodmann's area 4 is a place for firts neuron of pyramidal tract

4. Brodmann's area 17 is connected with equilibrium system (primary visual cortex )

5. Brodmann's area 41 is connected with the sense of hearing

* 58. Choose the false statement:

1. Anterior thalamus is involved in the recent memory phenomenon

2. Mamillary hypothalamus contains sympathomimetic centers

3. Somatosensory pathway enters the ventral posterior thalamus

4. Ophthalmic artery is a part of Willis circle

5. The floor of fourth ventricule is partially made of dorsal pons

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