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DRGANIA HARMONICZNE SPRĘŻYNY |
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OPRACOWANIE WYNIKÓW |
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polozenie rownowagi [m] |
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g - przyspiszenie ziemskie |
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9,81 |
[m/s2] |
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0,165 |
0,165 |
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wydłuzenie |
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s1 |
s2 |
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masa obc |
x1 |
x2 |
sila |
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m - masa sprężyny [kg] |
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0,0362 |
0,088 |
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0 |
0 |
0 |
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r - promień drutu [m] |
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0,000545 |
0,00046 |
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0,0806 |
0,166 |
0,031 |
0,790686 |
0,331 |
0,196 |
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R - zewn. promień zwoju [m] |
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0,0142 |
0,00475 |
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0,0906 |
0,185 |
0,034 |
0,888786 |
0,35 |
0,199 |
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n -liczba zwojów |
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158 |
130 |
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0,103 |
0,22 |
0,05 |
1,01043 |
0,385 |
0,215 |
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0,1616 |
0,332 |
0,055 |
1,585296 |
0,497 |
0,22 |
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Ad1. Metoda Statyczna |
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masa |
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wydłużenie |
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siła |
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odważnika |
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s1 |
s2 |
F=M*g |
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M [kg] |
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x1 [m] |
x2 [m] |
[N] |
s1 |
s2 |
x*F ~- s1 |
x*F ~- s2 |
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0 |
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0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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0 |
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0,0806 |
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0,171 |
0,026 |
0,790686 |
0,092666666666667 |
0,109933333333333 |
0,135207306 |
0,020557836 |
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0,0906 |
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0,194 |
0,03 |
0,888786 |
0,102666666666667 |
0,119933333333333 |
0,172424484 |
0,02666358 |
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0,103 |
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0,225 |
0,036 |
1,01043 |
0,115066666666667 |
0,132333333333333 |
0,22734675 |
0,03637548 |
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0,1616 |
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0,337 |
0,058 |
1,585296 |
0,173666666666667 |
0,190933333333333 |
0,534244752 |
0,091947168 |
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∆M=0,0002 |
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∆x1 = ∆x2 = 0,001 |
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∆F=0,002 |
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Wyznaczam parametry prostej korzystając ze wzorów: |
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s1 |
s2 |
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współczynnik kierunkowy prostej |
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a= |
4,74836365031959 |
25,2878829215897 |
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wyraz wolny |
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b= |
-0,002514875247718 |
-0,004748419334049 |
[N] |
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0,07426 |
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Obliczam błąd wyznaczenie współczynnika kierunkowego: |
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s1 |
s2 |
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s1 |
s2 |
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i |
suma F2 |
suma x*F |
suma x*F |
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suma x2 |
suma x2 |
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5 |
4,949257096908 |
1,069223292 |
0,175544064 |
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0,231071 |
0,006236 |
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suma x |
suma x |
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0,927 |
0,15 |
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(suma x)2 |
(suma x)2 |
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0,859329 |
0,0225 |
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suma F |
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= |
Err:502 |
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4,275198 |
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Err:502 |
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5,32471269699502 |
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błąd k1 |
Err:502 |
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0,210563799014152 |
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błąd k2 |
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Wartość siły kierującej ks jest równa współczynnikowi kierunkowemu prostej wyznaczonej |
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z doświadczenia, również błąd wyznaczenia siły kierującej jest równy błędowi wyznaczenia |
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współczynnika kierunkowego. |
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4,748364 |
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0,442818676 |
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25,287883 |
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0,03806483 |
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s1 |
s2 |
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0,0806 |
19,19 |
7,28 |
0,0806 |
19,194 |
7,35 |
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0,0806 |
19,03 |
7,35 |
0,0906 |
20,076 |
7,78 |
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0,0806 |
19,22 |
7,47 |
0,103 |
21,482 |
8,356 |
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0,0806 |
19,31 |
7,31 |
0,1616 |
25,24 |
10,044 |
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0,0806 |
19,22 |
7,34 |
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0,0906 |
20,1 |
7,84 |
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0,0906 |
20,12 |
7,69 |
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0,0906 |
20,03 |
7,78 |
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0,0906 |
20,09 |
7,78 |
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0,0906 |
20,04 |
7,81 |
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0,103 |
21,5 |
8,34 |
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0,103 |
21,44 |
8,34 |
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0,103 |
21,47 |
8,38 |
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0,103 |
21,5 |
8,34 |
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0,103 |
21,5 |
8,38 |
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0,1616 |
25,25 |
10,06 |
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0,1616 |
25,13 |
10 |
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0,1616 |
25,32 |
10 |
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0,1616 |
25,31 |
10,19 |
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0,1616 |
25,19 |
9,97 |
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Ad2 Metoda Dynamiczna |
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masa [kg] |
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średni czas 20 wahnięć [s] |
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czas jednego wahnięcia |
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odważnika |
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s1 |
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s2 |
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T1 [s] |
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T2 [s] |
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0,0806 |
0,0927 |
19,194 |
0,11 |
7,35 |
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0,9597 |
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0,3675 |
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0,0906 |
0,1027 |
20,076 |
0,12 |
7,78 |
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1,0038 |
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0,389 |
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0,103 |
0,1151 |
21,482 |
0,13 |
8,356 |
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1,0741 |
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0,4178 |
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0,1616 |
0,1737 |
25,24 |
0,19 |
10,044 |
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1,262 |
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0,5022 |
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T1kw [s] |
T2kw [s] |
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0,92102409 |
0,1351 |
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T1kw=T1*T1, T2kw=T2*T2, |
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1,00761444 |
0,1513 |
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1,15369081 |
0,1746 |
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T1kw^2 |
T2kw^3 |
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M1*T1kw |
M2*T2kw |
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1,592644 |
0,2522 |
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0,848285374360328 |
0,0182 |
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0,074234541654 |
0,0125152125 |
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1,01528685969651 |
0,0229 |
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0,091289868264 |
0,015535622666667 |
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∆Tkw=0,01[s] |
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1,33100248507846 |
0,0305 |
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0,11883015343 |
0,020085673722667 |
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2,536514910736 |
0,0636 |
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0,2573712704 |
0,04379957388 |
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Wyznaczam parametry prostej: |
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suma Tkw^2 |
5,7310896298713 |
0,1352 |
suma M*Tkw |
0,541725833748 |
0,091936082769333 |
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s1 |
s2 |
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współczynnik kierunkowy prostej |
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8,20378795527715 |
1,42719658714699 |
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suma Tkw |
4,67497334 |
0,7131 |
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wyraz wolny |
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0,034296190584425 |
0,005570158845428 |
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suma M |
0,4358 |
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M1^2 |
M2^2 |
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kw M |
0,18992164 |
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0,00649636 |
0,00649636 |
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5 |
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0,00820836 |
0,00820836 |
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0,010609 |
0,010609 |
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0,02611456 |
0,02611456 |
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suma M^2 |
0,05142828 |
0,05142828 |
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0,012322 |
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0,084102 |
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błąd |
5,28507937553581 |
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Z obliczonych parametrów wyznaczam wartość siły kierującej k: |
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4,81221818744872 |
[kg/s2] |
0,007227899213022 |
[kg/s2] |
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27,6615134592466 |
[kg/s2] |
1,63004075675383 |
[kg/s2] |
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Porównanie wyników otzrymanych współczynników sprężystosci: |
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0,986730820390634 |
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0,914190144991752 |
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Współczynniki sprężystosci wyznaczone metodą dynamiczną są większe od tych wyznaczonych |
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metodą statyczną o odpowiednio 11% i 5%. Mom zdaniem dokładniejsze wyniki otrzymaliśmy |
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metodą statyczną. Metoda dynamiczna jest mniej wiarygodna ponieważ: |
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a) wprawienie sprężyny w idealnie pionowy ruch przy pomocy ręki jest prawie niemożliwe |
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b) ciężko jest określić i wprawić sprężynę w ruch o odpowiednio małych drganiach |
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c) błąd zwiążany z refleksem człowieka wynosi około 0,1s co jest znaczącą wielkością w odniesieniu do |
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okresu zwłaszcza pierwszej sprężyny. |
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d)sprężyna dla której różnica znacznie wykracza poza niepewność miała poważnie zabużoną symetrię |
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co ma największe znaczenie właśnie przy metodzie dynamicznej. |
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Ad3 Moduł Sztywności |
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s1 |
s2 |
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r - promień drutu [m] |
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0,00055 |
0,00046 |
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R - zew. promień zwoju [m] |
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0,015 |
0,006 |
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n - liczba zwojów |
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158 |
130 |
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Moduł sztywności |
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G1 = |
110683810253 |
[ Pa ] |
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G2 = |
87215777458 |
[ Pa ] |
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Obliczam błąd bezwzględny wyznaczenia modułu sztywności metodą różniczki zupełnej |
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Dla sprężyny I |
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Błędy maksymalne: |
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promienia drutu |
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Dr1 = |
1E-05 |
[ m ] |
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promienia zwoju |
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DR1 = |
0,0001 |
[ m ] |
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w% |
9,96% |
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liczny zwojów |
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Dn1 = |
1 |
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10322051618,4195 |
2,28179292634205E-23 |
DG1 = |
11022582063,0613 |
[ Pa ] |
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700530444,641759 |
1,92556365092156E-26 |
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Dla sprężyny II |
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Błędy maksymalne: |
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promienia drutu |
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Dr2 = |
1E-05 |
[ m ] |
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promienia zwoju |
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DR2 = |
0,0001 |
[ m ] |
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liczny zwojów |
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Dn2 = |
1 |
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95488190,293774 |
6,20504671886615E-23 |
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W % |
0,669% |
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487971984,805658 |
6,36415048088836E-26 |
DG2 = |
583460175,099431 |
[ Pa ] |
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