APPROACH - idea or theory, set of assumptions dealing with the nature of language, learning, teaching. Theoretical principles teachers bear in mind.,

Assertive stance/attitude - reader may not wish to submit to writer control; he can use text in way best suits his purposes.

BALANCED APPROACH: accuracy work & fluecy, combination of class work, pair work and group work.

BEHAVIORAL PSYCHOLOGY - empirically based approach to study of human behavior: stimulus response reinforcement habit

BRAIN LATERALIZATION:TPR is directed to right-brain learning, most are directed to left-brain learning, language activities - right hemisphere, child language learner acquires language through motor movement - a right hemisphere activity, right hemisphere activities must occur before the left hemisphere can process language for production,

COHERENCE - logical organization of thoughts and ideas).

COHESION - linking (correct using of linking devices).

COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLE - activities that involve real communication TASK PRINCIPLE - language is used for carrying out meaningful tasks MEANINGFULNESS PRINCIPLE

Communicative competence - a person's ability to communicate information and ideas in a foreign language,

Comprehension questions - detailed questions; check comprehension

DIRECTED ATTENTION - focus only on information you need,

EPISODIC MEMORY - remembering certain events,

FORGETTING - we do not have access to the information:

Functional communication activities final outcome is purpose

Guiding questions - general questions; focus on main issues

Initial evaluation: Does it fit? Detailed evaluation: If it fits, how well does it fit? In-use evaluation: Later - does it still fit?

INTERLANGUAGE - kind of language we speak at any moment of our linguistic development.

Linguistic competence - tunconscious knowledge of grammar that allows a speaker to use a language,

LOST DATA - information is really lost,

METHOD - set of procedures or collection of techniques used in systematic way which will result in efficient learning.

MNEMONIC DEVICES - rhyme, nonsense words, kinesthetic verbal, visuals

OVERWRITTEN INFORMATION - new eliminates old.

PRESENTATION - is introducing the students to the form, meaning and use of a new piece of language,

PROCEDURAL MEMORY - developing habitual processes such as driving SEMANTIC MEMORY - remembering content information or linguistic elements and their meaning,

Questions involving reorganization or reinterpretation - put info it together, or to reinterpret it

Questions of evaluation - there are often asked to find out what kind of impression the read text made on the students

Questions of inference - reading between lines, to consider what is implied but not explicitly stated

Questions of literal comprehension - answers are directly available; they can be answered in words of text itself,

RETRIEVAL ERRORS - you know sth but cannot see remember,

RULE FORMATION - people use their own thinking to discover rules, active role ascribed to the learner - cognitive approach

Social interaction activities language is not only a functional instrument but also a form of social behaviour.

Submissive stance/attitude - if reader is prepared to play role author has cast him in; reader allows himself to be directed by writer, reading is an act of submission,

SUGGESTOLOGY - systematic study of nonrational and nonconscious influe.

SYLLABUS - first step in planning language course. It provides framework. Document stating national priorities usually defines goals in very broad terms, allowing for more specific decision

TEACHING GRAMMAR - means enabling L students to use linguistic forms accurately, meaningfully and appropriately.

TECHNIQUE - activities in classroom consistent with method and therefore in harmony with approach. Procedure used in class

The affective filter hypothesis: mental block that prevents acquirers from fully utilizing comprehensible input they receive, when learner is unmotivated, lacking in self-confidence

THE BIO-PROGRAM: brain and nervous system are biologically programmed to acquire language in particular sequence and in particular mode, sequence is listening before speaking, mode is to synchronize L with individual's body,

The input hypothesis: speaking is result of acquisition not its cause, if input is understood, and there is enough of it, grammar is automatically provided

The natural order hypothesis - we learn language in predictable order; some rules tending to come early, others later (just like in mother tongue),

Top-down - knowledge based, conceptually driven information - the reader makes predictions.