POLARYZOWALNOŚĆ CZĄSTECZKI - MOMENT DIPOLOWY |
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1. Dane: |
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numer roztworu |
waga kolbki z korkiem [kg] |
waga związku polarnego z kolbką i korkiem [kg] |
waga rozpuszczal- nika z kolbką [kg] |
ilość związku polarnego |
ilość rozpuszczalnika |
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[dm3] |
[kg] |
[dm3] |
[kg] |
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1 |
0,03399 |
0,03472 |
0,0382 |
0,0005 |
0,00073 |
0,0495 |
0,01551 |
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2 |
0,03066 |
0,03292 |
0,03752 |
0.0015 |
0,00226 |
0,0485 |
0,01784 |
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3 |
0,02836 |
0,03282 |
0,03641 |
0.003 |
0,00446 |
0,047 |
0,01864 |
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4 |
0,02327 |
0,03065 |
0,03485 |
0.005 |
0,00738 |
0,045 |
0,02173 |
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5 |
0,02913 |
0,03965 |
0,0332 |
0.007 |
0,01052 |
0,043 |
0,01387 |
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6 |
0,02364 |
0,0385 |
0,03075 |
0.01 |
0,01486 |
0,04 |
0,01636 |
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7 |
0,02479 |
0,03215 |
0,03448 |
0.005 |
0,00736 |
0,045 |
0,02021 |
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ułamek molowy związku polarnego |
C'x [pF] |
gęstość roztworu [kg/m3] |
epsilon x [F] |
p roztworu [m3/kg] |
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1 |
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76 |
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4,07894736842105E-07 |
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2 |
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78 |
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3,97435897435897E-07 |
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3 |
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79 |
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3,92405063291139E-07 |
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4 |
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89,5 |
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3,46368715083799E-07 |
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5 |
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84 |
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3,69047619047619E-07 |
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6 |
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88 |
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3,52272727272727E-07 |
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7 |
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81 |
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3,82716049382716E-07 |
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Vkolbki=0,050 dm3 |
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nchloroformu=1,448 |
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pusty kondensator Co=44 *(10^(-6))F |
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czysty cyhloheksan Ch=75*(10^(-6))F |
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ni/ mi chloroformu = 0.39x1029 [C x m] lub 1,18D |
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Uwaga! |
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POMIA 7 TO POWTÓRZENIE PRÓBY 4 |
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2. Wyznaczanie pojemnośći czynnej i biernej kondensatora |
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WYKRES |
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a) pojemność czynna WZÓR |
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p=f(x)chloroformu |
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epsilon r* =0.0055 |
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Co - pojemność pustego kondensatora |
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C- pojemność kondensatora z cykloheksanem |
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epsilon r* - względna stała przenikaności elektrycznej cykloheksanu |
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Cc= |
-3,11714429361488E-05 |
F |
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b) pojemność bierna |
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Cb=Co-Cc |
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Cb= 31pF |
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3 Wyznaczanie przenikalności elektrycznej roztworów chloroformu /cykloheksanu |
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epsilon x* =(Cx-Co)/Cc +1 |
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Cx - pojemność kondensatora wypełnionego roztworem |
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1 |
epsilon x* |
4,07894736842105E-07 |
F |
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2 |
epsilon x* |
3,97435897435897E-07 |
F |
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3 |
epsilon x* |
3,92405063291139E-07 |
F |
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4 |
epsilon x* |
3,46368715083799E-07 |
F |
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5 |
epsilon x* |
3,69047619047619E-07 |
F |
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6 |
epsilon x* |
3,52272727272727E-07 |
F |
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7 |
epsilon x* |
3,82716049382716E-07 |
F |
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4. Obliczanie polaryzacji właściewej |
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p =(epsilon*-1)/(epsilon*+2) x 1/dx |
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a) obliczamy ułamek molowy i liczbę moli chloroformu i cykloheksanu |
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n= m/M |
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x = nch/cyklo/nch+cyklo |
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n - liczba moli |
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x - ułamek molowy |
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Mchloroformu = 119g/mol |
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Mcykloheksanu= 84g/mol |
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Lp. |
masa chloroformu [g] |
liczba moli chloroformu [mol] |
ułamek molowy chloroformu |
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1 |
0,00073 |
6,13445378151262E-06 |
0,044950738916256 |
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2 |
0,00226 |
1,89915966386554E-05 |
0,112437810945274 |
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3 |
0,00446 |
3,74789915966387E-05 |
0,193073593073593 |
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4 |
0,00738 |
6,20168067226891E-05 |
0,253521126760563 |
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5 |
0,01052 |
8,84033613445378E-05 |
0,431324313243132 |
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6 |
0,01486 |
0,00012487394958 |
0,475976937860346 |
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7 |
0,00736 |
6,18487394957983E-05 |
0,266956837141821 |
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Lp. |
masa cykloheksa-nu [g] |
liczba moli cykloheksanu [mol] |
ułamek molowy cykloheksa-nu |
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1 |
0,01551 |
0,000184642857143 |
0,955049261083744 |
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2 |
0,01784 |
0,000212380952381 |
0,887562189054727 |
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3 |
0,01864 |
0,000221904761905 |
0,806926406926407 |
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4 |
0,02173 |
0,00025869047619 |
0,746478873239437 |
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5 |
0,01387 |
0,000165119047619 |
0,568675686756867 |
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6 |
0,01636 |
0,000194761904762 |
0,524023062139654 |
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7 |
0,02021 |
0,000240595238095 |
0,733043162858179 |
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b) Obliczamy gęstość roztworu w oparciu o zasadę addytywną |
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0,774 |
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d= dcykloheksanu * xcykoheksanu + dchloroformu * xdchloroformu |
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1,472 |
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dcykloheksanu = 0.774 g/cm3 |
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dchloroformu=1,472 g/cm3 |
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d1= |
0,805375615763547 |
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d2= |
0,852481592039801 |
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d3= |
0,908765367965368 |
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d4= |
0,950957746478873 |
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d5= |
1,07506437064371 |
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d6= |
1,10623190262652 |
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d7= |
0,960335872324991 |
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c) obliczamy polaryzację właściwą |
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P= (epsilon*-1/ epsilon * -2) |
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* 1/d m^3 / kg |
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p1= |
0,620827951942621 |
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p2= |
0,586522579011644 |
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p3= |
0,550196699083844 |
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p4= |
0,525785443228015 |
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p5= |
0,465088172269123 |
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p6= |
0,451984556410237 |
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p7= |
0,520650875773816 |
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5. Całkowita polaryzaja molowa |
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Mchloroformu = 119g/mol |
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P= p x M(chloroformu) [m3/mol] |
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P-całkowita polaryzowalność molowa |
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119 |
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p- polaryzowalność właściwa |
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M - masa molowa chloropformu |
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P1= |
73,8785262811719 |
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P2= |
69,7961869023856 |
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P3= |
65,4734071909774 |
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P4= |
62,5684677441338 |
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P5= |
55,3454925000257 |
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P6= |
53,7861622128182 |
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P7= |
61,9574542170841 |
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6. Obliczanie refrakcji molowej |
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RD - refrakcja molowa |
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n - współczynnik załamiania światła dla chlororformu |
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RD= (n2-1)/(n^2+2) * (M/d) |
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d - gęśtość( ale czego to nie wiem wzięłam tą obliczoną) |
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RD1= |
81,0229248598931 |
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M - masa molowa ( wzięłam chlorogformu ale nie wiem) |
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RD2= |
37,3694574924914 |
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RD= |
35,0550051089499 |
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nchloroformu = 1,448 |
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119 |
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RD3= |
33,4996741283399 |
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1,448 |
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RD4= |
33,4996741283399 |
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RD5= |
29,6324345655583 |
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RD6= |
28,7975555046147 |
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RD7= |
33,1725342506855 |
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7. Obliczanie momentu dipolowego chloroformu |
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przepisz jakos ten wzór prosze |
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[Cxm] |
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k - stała boltzmana (1.380658*10-23J*K-1) |
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epsilon 0 - przenikalność elektryczna próżni 8.86*10-12F*m-1 |
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N - liczba Avogadro |
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T - temperatura |
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moment dipolowy |
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ni |
3,89162891289989E-54 |
1,97272119492337E-27 |
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ni |
-1,76631799488589E-53 |
#NUM! |
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ni |
-1,65692229684952E-53 |
#NUM! |
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ni |
-1,58340770677706E-53 |
#NUM! |
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ni |
-1,18996466202798E-53 |
#NUM! |
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ni |
-1,3156789032788E-53 |
#NUM! |
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ni |
-1,8062544965314E-53 |
#NUM! |
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8. Rachunek błędu |
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a) błąd bezwzględny |
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b) błądwzględny |
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