larsen0432

432 II Anestezjologia ogólna

► Przed zabiegami ambulatoryjnymi premedyka-cja jest zazwyczaj niepotrzebna.

Specjalne aspekty premedykacji w przypadku istnienia określonych chorób, a także u dzieci i przed

wykonaniem znieczulenia regionalnego są przedstawione w odpowiednich rozdziałach.

Piśmiennictwo

Apfel, CC, Greim CA, Haubitz I, et al.: A risk score to predict the probability of postoperalive vomi-ting in adults. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 42: 495 bis 501, 1998.

Apfel CC, Roewer N: Einflussfaktoren von Ubelkeit und Erbrechen nach Narkosen. Fiktionen und Faktem Anaesthesist 49: 629-642, 2000.

Fassoulaki A, Sarantopoulos C, Vassiliou M: Performance of the anesthesiologists in 12 departments of anesthesia in Greece. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg 46:79-86, 1995.

Gan TJ, Collis R, Hetreed M: Double-blind compari-son of ondansetron, droperidol and salinę in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Br J Anaesth 72:544-547, 1994.

Harnpl KF, Schneider MC, Ruttimann U et al.: Peri-operative administration of caffeine tablets for prevention of postoperative headaches. Can J Anaesth 42:789-792. 1995.

Kain HN, Mayes LC, Bell C et al.: Premedication in the United States: a status report. Anesth Analg 84:427-432, 1997.

Klafta JM, Roizen MF: Current understanding of pa-tientks attitudes toward and preparation for anesthesia: a review. Anesth Analg 83:1314-1321, 1996.

Malinovsky JM, Populaire C, Cozian A et al.: Premedication with tnidazolam in children. Effect of in-tranasal, rectal and orał routes on plasma midazo-lam concentrations. Anaesthesia 50:351-355, 1995.

Richardson MG, Wu CL, Hussain A: Midazolam premedication increases sedation but does not pro-long discharge limes after brief outpatient generał anesthesia for laparoscopic tubal sterilization. Anesth Analg 85:301-305, 1997.

Taittonen M, Kirvela O, Aantaa R, Kanto J: Cardio-vascular and metabolic responses to clonidine and midazolam premedication. Eur J Anaesthesiol 14: 190-196, 1997.

Tang J, Watcha MF, White PF: Acomparison of costs and efficacy of ondansetron and droperidol as prophylactic antiemetic therapy for elective outpatient gynecologic procedures. Anesth Analg 83:304-313, 1996.

Tramer MR: Arational approach to the control of po-stoperative nausea and vomiting: evidence from systematic reviews. Part I. Efficacy and harm of antiemetic interventions, and methodological is-sues. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 45: 4-13 und Part II. Recommendations for prevention and treat-ment, and research agenda. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 45: 14-19,2001.

Watcha MF, White PF: Postoperative nausea and vo-miting. Its etiology, trealment and prevention. Anesthesiology 77:162-184, 1992.